• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.3 s.108
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• pp.285-295
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• 2005

This paper was examined distribution and changing trends on occurrence days of Spring Cold(cold surge in the flowering season) from the end of February to early in April during 1973-2004. We defined an occurrence day of Spring Colds as above $10\%$ of the anomalies of mean daily temperature or above $10\%$ of the difference of the daily mean temperature between the day before two days. In the west coastal region, the occurrence days of Spring Colds is higher in the end of February and less frequent in the early in April. In the east coastal region, the occurrence days of Spring Colds is higher in the early in April. Spring Colds is closely related with frequencies and a intensities of Siberian High. The occurrence days of Spring Colds has decreased in the most area except Ulleung island and the east coastal region.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.192-195
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• 2015

BACKGROUND: The growing season (GS) has been understood as a useful indicator for climate change due to high relationship with increasing temperature. Hear this study was conducted to examine changes in the thermal GS over South Korea from 1970 to 2013 based on daily mean air temperature for assessing the temporal and spatial variability in GS. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three GS parameters (starting date, ending date, and length) were determined at 19 stations throughout South Korea. The results show that the GS has been extended by 4.2 days/decade between 1970 and 2013 on average. The growing season start (GSS) has been advanced by 2.7 days/decade and the growing season end (GSE) has been delayed by 1.4 day/decade. Spatial variation in the GS parameters in Korea are shown. The GS parameters, especially GSS, of southeastern part of Korea have been changed more than that of northwestern part of Korea. The extension of GS may be more influenced on earlier onset in spring rather than later GSE. CONCLUSION: Under climate change scenarios, the GS will be more extended due to delayed GSE as well as advanced GSS. And These are more notable in the northeastern part of Korea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.50
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• pp.23-32
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate the mothers' preferences for their children's clothing images and color images. Questionaries were analysed by factor analysis cluster analysis one way ANOVA x2 -test. The results are as follow: First the preferred clothing images for children have no differences across gender. The preferred images are active tidy and fashionable. Second the preferred clothing images are according to season. In the case of clothing color images the preferences in spring and summer seasons are differed from fall and winter seasons. Third factors of boy's clothing image were fashionable cute splendid and classic And factors for girl's clothing image were lively tidy fashionable and classic. These factors revealed the differences of preferences between boys and girls clothing image. Fourth the preferences of clothing color image for children changed across seasons. Bright and neat color images were preferred in spring and summer warm and deep color images were preferred in fall and winter. Fifty the preferences of clothing images classified into four groups and each group has the different preference in color tone. Finally Season and gender were revealed to be more important variables in the preferences of children's clothing image and color image.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.127-131
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• 1995

A crude crystal of phytoecdysone was obtained 355 mg per Kg dry radix of A. japonica, and it was identified to $\beta$-ecdysone by TLC. Feeding silkworms on mulberry leaves sprayed with the extract, mounting time shortened and pupation ratio improved. The feeding effects of the extract was differed according to the rearing seasons, spring and summer. In spring season, only mounting time shortened without any difference in pupation ratio from the control. In summer season, not only mounting time shortened, but also pupation ratio remarkably advanced.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2001

Dustfall particles were collected by the modified American dust jar (wide inlet bottle type) at 6 sampling sites in Pusan area from March, 1999 to February, 2000. Thirteen chemical species (Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Si, and Zn) were analyzed by AAS and ICP. The purposes of this study were to estimate qualitatively various bulk deposition flux of dustfall and insoluble components by applying regional and seasonal distribution. Dustfall amount of regional variations were found in order of coastal zone, industrial zone, commercial zone, agricultural zone and residential zone, and seasonal total dustfall had higher concentrations during spring for 6.741 ton/${km}^2$/season, lower concentrations during summer for 1.989 ton/${km}^2$/season, and annual total concentration was 17.742 ton/${km}^2$/year. The regional distributions of enrichment factor show well-defined anthropogenic metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) at industrial and agricultural zone, and contribution rate of soil particles were found in order of summer, fall, winter and spring. Factor loading effects of chemical composition of dustfall were found in order of road traffic emission source and combustion processed source, industrial activity source, soil source and marine source.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.25-27
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• 1982

The use of fumigation of Neo-PPS was tested for the larval disinfection and at the same time for easy handling and effective chemicals for larval disinfection. The results obtained are as follows: 1. There was no decrease of cocoon yield in spring season due to chemical damage by application of Neo-PPS fumigation to the disinfection of the silkworm except 2,4 and 6 hours' treatment everyday and 6 hours'/ twice/instar treatment as compared with the control. 2. There was no significance in pupal percent between treatments and control in spring season except 6 hours' treatment everyday. 3. No chemical damage seemed to give rise to percentage of cocoon shell in all treatments.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.127-130
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cows parity and calving seasons on the subsequent reproductive performance of the herd of Korean native cows raised under the same condition. With the parity of the cows ranged 1 to 4 (mean: 1.9), significant associations were found between parity and calving interval (p<0.05). Calving interval of the primiparous cows group was 395.0 ${\pm}$ 16.5 days, which was the longest calving interval among the four groups. On the other hand, calving interval of the second parity group was 333.7 ${\pm}$ 3.6 days. The primiparous cows had tendencies that long interval from calving to conception and small number of service per conception relatively when compared with the multiparous cows. In the case of calving season, the interval from calving to first service was short in summer and winter relatively. The interval from calving to conception in summer was the shortest in four seasons. The number of service per conception was larger in spring and winter and smaller in summer and autumn. Calving in spring showed delayed reproductive performance and calving in summer showed desirable reproductive performance.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.13 no.2 s.55
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• pp.221-239
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyse the fashion style expressed in women magazine advertisements. The method of this study was used content analysis with 692 samples in women magazines ('Woman Sense', 'Yeosung Dong-A', and 'Jubu Saeng-hwal') which were issued in March, June, September, and December from 1998 to 2002. The data analysis were divided nine elements: 1. silhouette, 2. color, 3. pattern, 4. length of skirt & slacks, 5. adjustment, 6. breadth of collar lapel, 7. shoes, 8. make-up, 9. hair style. The results of this study were as follows: 1. silhouette : The four seasons were expressed in square silhouette. 2. Color : The spring, summer, and winter seasons were expressed in white color, while the fall season was expressed in neutral color. 3. Pattern : The four seasons were expressed in plain pattern. 4. Length of skirt & slacks : The four seasons were expressed in various length. 5. Adjustment : The four seasons were expressed in single button. 6. Breadth of collar lapel : The spring, summer, and winter seasons were expressed in small breadth, while the fall season was expressed in middle breadth. 7. Shoes : The four seasons were expressed in high-heeled shoes. 8. Make-up : The four seasons were expressed in light tone. 9. Hair style : The four seasons were expressed in up-style.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.260-267
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• 2012

Calling behavior is often used to infer breeding patterns in anurans. We studied the seasonal and diel calling activities of anuran species in a wetland in central Korea to determine the calling season and to evaluate the effects of abiotic factors on male calling. Acoustic monitoring was used in which frog calls were recorded for a full day, once a week, throughout an entire year. Using acoustic monitoring, we identified three frog species in the study site. Males of Rana dybowskii called in late winter and early spring; we thus classified this species as a winter/spring caller. The results of binary logistic regression showed that temperature, relative humidity, and 1-day lag rainfall were significant factors for male calling in R. dybowskii. Temperature and relative humidity were important factors for the calling activity of R. nigromaculata, whereas 24-h rainfall and 1-day lag rainfall were not significant. Thus, we determined R. nigromaculata to be a summer caller independent of weather. In Hyla japonica, relative humidity, 24-h rainfall, and 1- day lag rainfall were significant for male calling, suggesting that this species is a summer caller dependent on local rain.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.93-98
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• 2019

We investigated the correlation between density of air and the infection rate of airborne microorganisms in mushroom cultivation facilities and found that the correlation was low in places where the infection rate during cultivation was less than 1%. The farms with an infection rate of 2~5% showed a high infection rate in the inoculation room in spring and summer seasons, and in the incubation room in autumn, and the farms with an infection rate of more than 6% showed infection in all the rooms regardless of the season. The farms where the Trichoderma sp. was investigated at the time of the mushroom cultivation showed the highest infection rates of 3.17%, 2.74%, and 2.64% in summer, spring, and autumn, respectively. The farms infected with Neurospora tetrasperma showed a lesser rate of infection than the ones infected with Trichoderma sp., and the highest infection rate of 0.56% was observed in summer. Based on these results, the type of infection could be classified into five groups, where type I was farms where the infection rate is less than 1% in all seasons. Three farms belonged to this type, and the infection rate in this type was lower than that in the other types.