• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.775-785
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• 1997

Robustness rates for repeated measures pairwise multiple comparison procedures were investigated in a split plot design with one between- and one within-subjects factor using untrimmed and trimmed data. Five factors were manipulated in the study: distribution, sphericity, variance-covariance heteroscedasticity, total sample size, and sample size ratio. The Welsch test (W) and the Welsch test on trimmed data $(W_{RT})$ performed better than the other procedures, but had a liberal tendency. The trimmed difference score Bonferroni Procedure $(B_{DT})$ was a good choice in some conditions.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.59-67
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 높은 품질 인자를 가지는 비대칭 분리고리공진기(ASLR: Asymmetric Split-Loop Resonator) 외곽에 사각 고리를 추가하여 ASLR의 높은 품질 인자 특성은 유지하면서 ASLR의 테라헤르츠파 투과 특성을 능동 제어 가능한 외곽 사각 고리 추가형 ASLR (ASLR-OSL: ASLR with Outer Square Loop)을 제시하였다. 추가된 외곽 사각 고리는 ASLR과 조합되어 메타물질 공진기 역할과 직접적인 전압 인가를 통하여 온도를 조절할 수 있는 마이크로 히터 역할을 동시에 수행하면서, ASLR-OSR이 ASLR의 품질 인자 특성과 유사한 품질 인자 특성을 유지할 수 있도록 설계하였다. ASLR-OSL의 테라헤르츠파 투과 특성을 능동 제어하기 위하여 온도 변화에 따라 절연체-금속 상전이 특성을 가지는 이산화바나듐 ($VO_2$) 박막을 사용하였고, 설계한 ASLR-OSL의 외곽 사각 고리에 직접적인 전압 인가를 통하여 $VO_2$의 특성을 조절하여 테라헤르츠파 투과 특성의 능동 제어가 가능하도록 하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 높은 품질 인자를 가지는 메타물질에 간단한 외곽 사각 고리를 추가하여 구성한 능동형 고품질 메타물질 구조는 메타물질의 높은 품질 인자는 유지하면서 테라헤르츠파 투과 특성의 전기적 능동 제어를 가능하게 하여 다양한 형태의 테라헤르츠 능동형 메타물질 소자로 응용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.599-608
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• 2002

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to test the validity and reliability of FACES III when applied to the only one and two family members, and to use more appropriately in the nursing practice. Method: Data were collected from 105 college students and 105 of their parents in two local nursing colleges. The original questionnaire, which was originally developed by Olson(1989), was modified by based on literature review and analyzed by correlation coefficient, Cronbach's α, Guttmans split coefficients and factor analysis. Result: Cronbach's αof the adaptability and cohesion were .77, .73(Guttmans split coefficient were .76, .71) when applied to the only one family member, and were .81, .77 (Guttmans split coefficient were .81, .77) when applied to two. The Pearson's correlation coefficient of the adaptability and cohesion between two family members were .38, .35. The total-item correlations of the other items except for items 5, 7, 13 were significant. The correlation coefficients between adaptability and cohesion when applied to only one and two were .30, .38(p < .01). When the data was analyzed by principle component analysis and Varimax rotation with the number of factors fixed to two, two factors explained 37.2% of total variance in the case of one member, and 42.2% of total variance in two. Conclusion: These results suggested that the concept and the construction validity of cohesion needed to be more clarified. Also It is required that the reliability and validity of FACES III should be tested in two more family members.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2010

도시교통체계에 의한 에너지소비는 교통체계 자체의 특성 뿐 아니라 도시의 공간구조에도 크게 영향을 받는다. 그러나 현재까지 이와 같은 주제에 관한 연구가 매우 미미한 실정이다. 본 연구는 도시의 공간적 특성과 교통체계의 특성을 동시에 고려하고 교통 에너지 소비에 영향을 미치는 요소와 요소 간 관계 분석에 주목적을 둔다. 이를 위해 도시와 교통체계가 지닌 주요 특성을 기반으로 도시모형을 구축하여 교통체계에 의한 에너지 소비 산정식을 도출하였다. 도출된 모형과 산정식을 기반으로 에너지 소비량과 통행거리, 에너지계수 및 수단분담율이 에너지 소비에 미치는 영향을 수치적 민감도 분석을 시행하여 파악하였다. 그 결과 교통에너지 소비에 미치는 영향력으로 수단분담율이 가장 큰 것으로 파악되었으며, 또한 주거 및 고용밀도와 기술발전에 따른 에너지효율성도 에너지 소비량에 매우 민감한 변수로 파악되었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2009

In this paper, the steering characteristics of tracked vehicles are studied for the improvement of steering performance. The important design factor of military vehicles is high mobility. It is influenced by weight of a vehicle, engine capacity, power-train, and steering system. The military vehicle, which is equipped with caterpillar, has unique steering characteristics and is quite different from that of a wheeled vehicle. The steering of tracked vehicles is operated in the power pack due to different speeds of both sprockets. Under cornering conditions, power split and power regeneration are happened in the power pack. In case of power regeneration, power is transferred outside track after adding engine power and power inputted inside track from the ground. However, excessive power regeneration is transferred in the power pack. It damages mechanical elements. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the steering system and check mentioned problem above. In this study, the detailed dynamic model of steering system is presented, which includes slippage between track and roadwheel, inertia force, and inertia moment. Finally, our model is compared with the Kitano model and we verified the validity of the model.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2003

This research work has been carried out for finding J-integral in mode II of CFRP(carbon fiber reinforced plastics) laminate plates based on the classical bar theory in dynamic conditions with consideration of the effect of inertia forces, eventually to lead to finding the dynamic inter-layer fracture toughness. Dynamic inter-layer fracture toughness was found by a self-made ENF(End Notched Flexure) experimental apparatus using Split Hopkinson's Bar(SHPB), and also observed the variation of the fracture toughness haying different resin contents and fiber arrangements of CFRP specimen([$0_3^{\circ}/90_3^{\circ}/0_6^{\circ}/90_3^{\circ}/0_3^{\circ}$], [$0_{20}^{\circ}$], [$0_5^{\circ}/90_{10}^{\circ}/0_5^{\circ}$]). As an experimental result, in either cases of quasi-static or dynamic load condition, the critical load and the inter-layer fracture toughness increased sharply depending on the increase of resin contents. Therefore, it could, be concluded that the effect by resin contents is the major factor determining the inter-layer fracture toughness in the CFRP laminate plates.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.47-68
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• 2018

This article reports the utilization of fly ash (FA) waste product from industry and silpozz which is an agro-waste from agriculture as an environmental friendly material in construction industry. The evaluation of strength and durability study was observed using FA and silpozz as a partial replacement of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). The studied parameters are compressive strength, flexural strength, split tensile strength and bond strength as well as the durability study involves the acid soluble chloride (ASC), water soluble chloride (WSC), water absorption and sorptivity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and XRD of selected samples are also done. It reveals from the test results that the deterioration factor (DF) in compressive strength is 4% at 365 days. The DF of split tensile strength and flexural strength is 0.96% and 0.6% at 90 days respectively. The minimum slip is 1mm and 1.1mm after 28 days of testing bond strength for NWC and SWC sample respectively. The percentage decrease in bond strength is 10.35% for 28 days SWC samples. The pre-cast blended concrete samples performed better to chloride diffusion. Modulus of elasticity of SWC samples are also studied.The water absorption and sorptivity tests are conducted after 28 days of curing.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.98-104
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• 2001

A dynamic fracture toughness test method with a chevron notched ceramic specimens is proposed. The notch angles of the chevron specimens were 90, 100$^{\circ}$and 110$^{\circ}$. Finite element analysis(FEA) were done to determine the geometrical properties of chevron-notch specimens according to notch angles. The static fracture toughness of the chevron notched alumina specimen was 3.8MP$\alpha$√m similar to that of the general fracture specimen with a precrack. Dynamic fracture toughness was 4.5 MP$\alpha$√m slightly higher than the static one. These research showed the possibility of the split Hopkinson pressure bar test method using the newly proposed chevron notched specimens to get the dynamic fracture toughness of extremely brittle materials such as ceramics.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2003년도 제20회 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.249-252
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• 2003

음향불안정을 억제하는 수동제어기구중 하나인 음향공의 음향학적 효과를 파악하기 위해, 음향공이 장착된 로켓엔진 연소실의 음향장 특성을 수치해석적으로 조사하였다. 음향공 모델로서 Helmholtz 형태의 공명기가 채택되었고, 조화해석을 통해 주로 음향공에 의해 야기되는 음향학적 효과를 관찰하였다. 음향공의 동조주파수를 변화시켜가면서 연소실의 음향진동 응답을 구하고, 제1접선방향 음향모드의 감쇠인자를 구하였다. 동조주파수가 공진주파수에 접근함에 따라 모드분할 현상이 나타났고, 이로 인해 음향공을 본래의 제1접선방향 음향모드에 동조시키더라도 음향감쇠효과가 저하됨을 알았다. 효과적인 감쇠를 위해서는, 억제하고자 하는 음향모드로부터 모드분할 현상이 나타나지 않으면서 그 음향모드의 감쇠효과를 극대화하도록 음향공을 동조시키는 것이 바람직함을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회B
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• pp.2236-2241
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• 2008

The surface heat flux of nuclear fuel rod is the most important factor which can affect safety of reactor and fuel. If fuel rod surface heat flux exceeds the CHF(${\underline{C}}ritical$ ${\underline{H}}eat$ ${\underline{F}}lux$), fuel can be damaged. In case of double cooled annular fuel, which is under developing, contains two coolant channels. Therefore, a generated heat in the fuel pellet can move to inner or outer channel and heat flow direction is decided by both sides heat resistance which varied by dimension and material property change which caused by temperature and irradiation. The new program(called DUO) was developed. For the calculation of surface heat flux, a both sides convection by inner/outer coolant, s gap temperature jump and conduction in the fuel are modeled. Especially, temperature and time dependent fuel dimension and material property change are considered during the iteration. A sample calculation result shows that the DUO program has sufficient performance for annular fuel thermal hydraulics design.