• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.40-45
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• 1995

The kinematical relationship of bevel gearsets lies at the root of the gear design. As the demand on precision bevel gears is increased in the related industries, the kinematic analysis of a pair of sperical involute bevel gears needs to be exactly evaluated for the computer aided design. Pitch cone angles of bevel gearsets have been calculated under the assumption that the geared system is equivalent to a coned roller system without slipping. But this kinematical model involves some errors in the value of the ratio of angular velocity. In this paper, the ratio of the angular velocity is exactly derived, based on the perfect involute tooth surface. Four nonlinear equations representing the kinematical relationships are numerically solved to obtain the pitch and base cone angles. The ratios of angular volocities according to pressure and shaft angles are calculated and compared with those of the approximate gear model.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.57.2-57.2
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• 2014

Protostellar jets and outflows are signatures of star formation and promising mechanisms for driving supersonic turbulence in molecular clouds. We quantify outflow-driven turbulence through three-dimensional numerical simulations using an isothermal version of the total variation diminishing code. We drive turbulence in real space using a simplified spherical outflow model, analyze the data through density probability distribution functions (PDFs), and investigate density and velocity power spectra. The real-space turbulence-driving method produces a negatively skewed density PDF possessing an enhanced tail on the low-density side. It deviates from the log-normal distributions typically obtained from Fourier-space turbulence driving at low densities, but can provide a good fit at high densities, particularly in terms of mass-weighted rather than volume-weighted density PDF. We find shallow density power-spectra of -1.2. It is attributed to spherical shocks of outflows themselves or shocks formed by the interaction of outflows. The total velocity power-spectrum is found to be -2.0, representative of the shock dominated Burger's turbulence model. Our density weighted velocity power spectrum is measured as -1.6, slightly less that the Kolmogorov scaling values found in previous works.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.749-755
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• 2023

A new approximation method was proposed for treating the non-resonant spatial self-shielding effects of double heterogeneous region such as the double heterogeneous effect of VHTR fuel compact in the thermal energy range and that of BP compact with BISO. The method was developed based on the effective homogenization method and a spherical unit cell model with explicit coated layers and a matrix layer. The self-shielding factor was derived from the relation between the collision probabilities for a double heterogeneous compact and the effective cross section for the homogenized compact. First, the collision probabilities and transmission probabilities for all layers of the spherical model were calculated using conventional collision probability solver. Then, the effective cross section for the homogenized sphere cell representing the homogenized compact was obtained from the transmission probability calculated using the probability density function of a chord length. The verification calculations revealed that the proposed method can predict the self-shielding factor with a maximum error of 2.3% and the double heterogeneous effect with a maximum error of 200 pcm in the typical VHTR problems with various packing fractions and BP compact sizes.

• 천문학회보
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• 제22권
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• pp.13.2-13.2
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• 1997

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2017

Shot peening is widely used to improve the fatigue life and strength of various mechanical parts and an accurate method is important for the prediction of the compressive residual stress caused by this process. A finite element (FE) model with an elliptical multi-shot is suggested for random-angled impacts. Solutions for compressive residual stress using this model and a normal random vertical-impact one with a spherical multi-shot are obtained and compared. The elliptical multi-shot experimental solution is closer to an X-ray diffraction (XRD) than the spherical one. The FE model's peening coverage also almost reaches the experimental one. The effectiveness of the model based on an elliptical shot ball is confirmed by these results and it can be used instead of previous FE models to evaluate the compressive residual stress produced on the surface of metal by shot peening in various industries.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.677-688
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• 2017

In order to solve the undetected probability of multiple targets in ultra-wideband (UWB) through-the-wall radar imaging (TWRI), a time-delay and amplitude modified back projection (BP) algorithm is proposed. The refraction point is found by Fermat's principle in the presence of a wall, and the time-delay is correctly compensated. On this basis, transmission loss of the electromagnetic wave, the absorption loss of the refraction wave, and the diffusion loss of the spherical wave are analyzed in detail. Amplitude compensation is deduced and tested on a model with a single-layer wall. The simulating results by finite difference time domain (FDTD) show that it is effective in increasing the scattering intensity of the targets behind the wall. Compensation for the diffusion loss in the spherical wave also plays a main role. Additionally, the two-layer wall model is simulated. Then, the calculating time and the imaging quality are compared between a single-layer wall model and a two-layer wall model. The results illustrate the performance of the time-delay and amplitude-modified BP algorithm with multiple targets and multiple-layer walls of UWB TWRI.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제3권8호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2014

물체의 360도 방향에서 다수의 RGB-D(RGB-Depth) 카메라를 이용하여 깊이영상을 획득하고 3차원 모델을 생성하기 위해서는 RGB-D 카메라 간의 3차원 변환관계를 구하여야 한다. 본 논문에서는 구형 물체를 이용하여 4대의 RGB-D 카메라 사이의 변환관계를 간편하게 구할 수 있는 시점보정(view calibration) 방법을 제안한다. 기존의 시점보정 방법들은 평면 형태의 체크보드나 코드화된 패턴을 가진 3차원 물체를 주로 사용함으로써 패턴의 특징이나 코드를 추출하고 정합하는 작업에 상당한 시간이 걸린다. 본 논문에서는 구형 물체의 깊이영상과 사진영상을 동시에 사용하여 간편하게 시점을 보정할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 우선 하나의 구를 모델링 공간에서 연속적으로 움직이는 동안 모든 RGB-D 카메라에서 구의 깊이영상과 사진영상을 동시에 획득한다. 다음으로 각 RGB-D 카메라의 좌표계에서 획득한 구의 3차원 중심좌표를 월드좌표계에서 일치되도록 각 카메라의 외부변수를 보정한다.

• 천문학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2015

In Kang (2015) we calculated the acceleration of cosmic-ray electrons at weak spherical shocks that are expected to form in the cluster outskirts, and estimated the diffuse synchrotron radiation emitted by those electrons. There we demonstrated that, at decelerating spherical shocks, the volume integrated spectra of both electrons and radiation deviate significantly from the test-particle power-laws predicted for constant planar shocks, because the shock compression ratio and the flux of inject electrons decrease in time. In this study, we consider spherical blast waves propagating through a constant density core surrounded by an isothermal halo with ρ ∝ r⁻ⁿ in order to explore how the deceleration of the shock affects the radio emission from accelerated electrons. The surface brightness profile and the volumeintegrated radio spectrum of the model shocks are calculated by assuming a ribbon-like shock surface on a spherical shell and the associated downstream region of relativistic electrons. If the postshock magnetic field strength is about 0.7 or 7 µG, at the shock age of ∼ 50 Myr, the volume-integrated radio spectrum steepens gradually with the spectral index from α_inj to α_inj + 0.5 over 0.1–10 GHz, where α_inj is the injection index at the shock position expected from the diffusive shock acceleration theory. Such gradual steepening could explain the curved radio spectrum of the radio relic in cluster A2266, which was interpreted as a broken power-law by Trasatti et al. (2015), if the relic shock is young enough so that the break frequency is around 1 GHz.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.477-482
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• 1998

치어의 먹이사료인 동물성 플랑크톤은 단세포조류인 Chlorella를 먹이로 하고 있으며, 우리 나라에서는 현재까지 Chlorella를 연못형 배양조에서 배양하고 있다. 본연구에서는 Chlorella의 생산성을 높이기 위하여 Chlorella 배양 조건 중, 빛의 공급율을 높이는 데에 중점을 두고 여섯 형태의 모형 배양조를 제작하고 Chlorella vulgalis 211-11b의 최대 비증식속도와 생산성을 비교하였다. 모형 배양조 중, ${\mu}_{max}$와 생산성이 가장 큰 것은 HS-Pbr이었으며. 최대 비증식속도와 생산성이 반드시 배양조의 S/V에 비례하지는 않았다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.16-29
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• 2009

노인의 평형성 향상과 근력강화 운동을 병행할 수 있는 운동기기 개발을 위해 병렬형 구형관절 모듈을 채택하였다. 병렬형 구형관절 모듈은 링크 2개, 회전관절 3개의 조합으로 된 다이애드 3조가 병렬로 설치되어 있고 모든 회전축은 모듈의 중간 위치에 교차하여 3자유도 회전운동이 가능하다. 본 연구에서는 구형관절 모듈의 기구학 및 동역학 해석을 실시하였으며 제어프로그램을 위한 순방향 및 역방향 위치해석에 대한 수학적 해석해를 도출하였다. 속도 및 가속도해석에서는 임의의 다이애드 내의 관절속도 및 가속도에 대한 상판 속도 및 가속도의 관계식을 유도하였다. 본 연구에서는 재활운동기구로서 사용하기 위해서 50대 이상 한국인 표준 남성에 대한 모델을 선정하여 동역학 모델 시뮬레이션을 통하여 이러한 결과의 유효성을 검증하였다.