• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.111-116
• /
• 2015

본 논문은 인지 통신의 1차, 2차 시스템 사이에서 발생되는 협력 스펙트럼 공유 모델을 고려한다. 제시된 모델은 동상 신호로 표현되는 1차 사용자의 메시지가 존재할 때, 직교 위상 기반의 신호인 2차 사용자의 메시지가 존재하기 위한 단일 2차 송신기 ST의 배치에 대해 표현한다. 상호 간섭이 없는 순간적인 스펙트럼 공유로 가정하였으므로, 2차 사용자의 동작으로 인한 1차 사용자의 동작을 보호하는 것은 불필요하다. 또한 1차 시스템의 신호, 2차 시스템의 신호가 동상 및 직교 위상인 직교 차원에 위치하는 것을 기반으로 하기 때문에, 1차 시스템과 2차 시스템의 신호는 상호 간섭이 발생하지 않으며 2차 시스템 전원의 일부를 사용하여 1차 시스템의 신호를 강화시킬 수 있다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제25권10호
• /
• pp.983-994
• /
• 2014

본 논문에서는 주파수의 공동사용에 따른 개방형 스펙트럼의 서비스 이용방안을 제시하고, 그 사회경제적 파급 효과를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 개방형 스펙트럼의 개념과 이용형태를 제시하고, 개방형 스펙트럼의 사회경제적 파급 효과 분석을 위해 전문가 조사를 실시하였다. 최근 등장하는 8종류의 창의적 서비스를 대상으로 하여 국내에서 이용할 수 있는 2.9~5.925 GHz 대역 2,605 MHz 폭의 후보 대역에서 적용 가능한 서비스와 그 특징을 분석하고, 개방형 스펙트럼의 공동사용으로 인하여 발생하는 사회경제적 파급 효과를 분석하였다. 이 분석 결과에 의하면 개방형 스펙트럼에서 적합한 서비스로서 이동통신 보조서비스, WiFi가 가장 높은 기대를 받았으며, DSRC 서비스, M2M, IoT 및 RFID/USN 서비스가 평균을 넘는 높은 기대를 받는 것으로 나타났다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.1192-1207
• /
• 2014

Dynamic spectrum sharing is a key technology to improve spectrum utilization in wireless networks. The elastic spectrum management provides a new opportunity for licensed primary users and unlicensed secondary users to efficiently utilize the scarce wireless resource. In this paper, we present a game-theoretic framework for dynamic spectrum allocation where the primary users rent the unutilized spectrum to the secondary users for a monetary profit. In reality, due to the ON-OFF behavior of the primary user, the quantity of spectrum that can be opportunistically shared by the secondary users is limited. We model this situation with the renewal theory and formulate the spectrum pricing scheme with the Bertrand game, taking into account the scarcity of the spectrum. By the Nash-equilibrium pricing scheme, each player in the game continually converges to a strategy that maximizes its own profit. We also investigate the impact of several properties, including channel quality and spectrum substitutability. Based on the equilibrium analysis, we finally propose a decentralized algorithm that leads the primary users to the Nash-equilibrium, called DST. The stability of the proposed algorithm in terms of convergence to the Nash equilibrium is also studied.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
• /
• 제25권8호
• /
• pp.821-827
• /
• 2014

최근의 주파수 부족현상을 해결하면서 간섭 없이 스펙트럼을 효율적으로 사용하는 주파수 공동 사용에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어지고 있다. 또한, 이와 더불어 급증하는 모바일 데이터 수요에 대처하기 위한 주요 스펙트럼 정책으로서 ASA/LSA(Authorized Shared Access/Licensed Shared Access) 개념을 많은 나라에서 도입하고 있는데, 이는 모바일 트래픽 증가를 해결하기 위한 스몰셀(small cell) 기술을 적용하는데 가장 적합한 스펙트럼 액세스 모델이다. ASA/LSA 주파수로 3.5 GHz 대역이 고려되고 있는 바, 본 논문에서는 가능한 ASA/LSA 대역을 발굴하고, 나아가 면허 없는 대역을 확장하기 위해 국내 3~4 GHz 대역에 대한 SAM(Spectrum Access Model)을 제안하고, 그 결과는 향후 스몰셀 수용 및 개방 주파수 확보를 위한 SAM을 개발하는데 필요한 데이터를 제공하게 될 것이다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.1638-1654
• /
• 2018

The heterogeneous network (HetNet) has been one of the key technologies in Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) with growing capacity and coverage demands. However, the introduction of femtocells has brought serious co-layer interference and cross-layer interference, which has been a major factor affecting system throughput. It is generally acknowledged that the resource allocation has significant impact on suppressing interference and improving the system performance. In this paper, we propose a hybrid-clustering algorithm based on the $Mat{\acute{e}}rn$ hard-core process (MHP) to restrain two kinds of co-channel interference in the HetNet. As the impracticality of the hexagonal grid model and the homogeneous Poisson point process model whose points distribute completely randomly to establish the system model. The HetNet model based on the MHP is adopted to satisfy the negative correlation distribution of base stations in this paper. Base on the system model, the spectrum sharing problem with restricted spectrum resources is further analyzed. On the basis of location information and the interference relation of base stations, a hybrid clustering method, which takes into accounts the fairness of two types of base stations is firstly proposed. Then, auction mechanism is discussed to achieve the spectrum sharing inside each cluster, avoiding the spectrum resource waste. Through combining the clustering theory and auction mechanism, the proposed novel algorithm can be applied to restrain the cross-layer interference and co-layer interference of HetNet, which has a high density of base stations. Simulation results show that spectral efficiency and system throughput increase to a certain degree.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.1333-1343
• /
• 2016

Spectrum sharing in centrally controlled cognitive radio (CR) networks has been widely studied, however, research on channel access for distributively controlled individual cognitive users has not been fully characterized. This paper conducts an analysis of random channel access of cognitive users controlled in a distributed manner in a CR network. Based on the proposed estimation method, each cognitive user can estimate the current channel condition by using its own Markov-chain model and can compute its own blocking probability, collision probability, and forced termination probability. Using the proposed scheme, CR with distributed control (CR-DC), CR devices can make self-controlled decisions based on the status estimations to adaptively control its system parameters to communicate better.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.442-449
• /
• 2012

Cognitive Radio(CR) is the technology that allocates the frequency by using dynamic spectrum access. We proposed a model to calculate the optimal level of the cognitive radiotelegraph, where secondary users opportunistically share the spectrum with primary users through the spectrum sensing. When secondary user with cognitive radio detects the arrival of a primary user in its current channel, the secondary user moves to the idle channel or be placed in the virtual queue. We assume that the primary users have finite buffers and the population of secondary users is finite. Using a two-dimensional Makov model with preemptive priority queueing, we could derive the blocking and waiting probability as well as the optimal level of cognitive radiotelegraph under a various range of parameter circumstances.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.614-618
• /
• 2012

Smart grid is widely considered to be a next generation power grid, which will be integrated with information feedback communications.However, smart grid communication technologies are subject to inefficient spectrum allocation problems. Cognitive radio networks can solve the problemof spectrumscarcity by opening the under-utilized licensed bands to secondary users. In this paper, adaptive cognitive radio spectrum sensing and sharing algorithms are developed for smart grid environments. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in comparison with other existing schemes.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.6-9
• /
• 2013

Cognitive Radio는 유휴 스펙트럼을 찾아 환경에 맞는 통신방식과 주파수 대역폭을 능동적으로 판단해 재활용하는 지능적인 간섭회피로 방식으로 스펙트럼을 공유하여 전파자원효율을 극대화 하는 기술이다. 이때 PU에 간섭을 일으키지 않기 위한 스펙트럼 센싱 기술이 중요하다. 하지만 상황에 따라 스펙트럼 센싱 알고리즘을 선택할수 있다면 좀더 효율적 센싱을 할수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 퍼지컨트롤러를 통해 에너지검출, 자기상관검출,M atched filter 검출 등을 개별 센싱에 반영하는 시스템 모델을 제안하고 분석한다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제6권12호
• /
• pp.3133-3151
• /
• 2012

The optimal price strategy selection of two bounded rational cognitive mobile virtual network operators (MVNOs) in a duopoly spectrum sharing market is investigated. The bounded rational operators dynamically compete to sell the leased spectrum to secondary users in order to maximize their profits. Meanwhile, the secondary users' heterogeneous preferences to rate and price are taken into consideration. The evolutionary game theory (EGT) is employed to model the dynamic price strategy selection of the MVNOs taking into account the response of the secondary users. The behavior dynamics and the evolutionary stable strategy (ESS) of the operators are derived via replicated dynamics. Furthermore, a reward and punishment mechanism is developed to optimize the performance of the operators. Numerical results show that the proposed evolutionary algorithm is convergent to the ESS, and the incentive mechanism increases the profits of the operators. It may provide some insight about the optimal price strategy selection for MVNOs in the next generation cognitive wireless networks.