• 식물분류학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.329-337
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• 2011

중국 남부에 분포하는 Acer wilsonii 분류군은(A. wilsonii, A. tutcheri, and A. confertifoilum) 10개의 형태형질을 분석을 통해 종의 실체에 대해 검토하였다. 중국과 외국 표본관에 소장된 표본을 근간으로 단변량과 2개의 변량을 조사한 결과 A. tutcheri는 A. wilsonii와 화서가 짧으면서 잎맥에 발달한 거치와 좁은 잎의 너비에 의해 구분이 되었다. E. H. Wilson이 호북(湖北)에서 채집하여 기재된 A. wilsonii는 2개의 복제표본이 존재하나 이중 한 개는 전혀 다른 분류군으로 인식되며, 또한, A. Rehder가 기재 당시 명확하게 배제한 표본을 Fnag, W. P. 는 포함하여 지금까지 이 종에 대한 실체에 오류가 있었다. 한편, 잎이 소형이고 화서가 단축된 A. confertifolium은 A. tutcheri의 소형 표본으로 이명으로 처리하였다. Sinensia열은 화서 형태의 다양한 분화가 있었던 반면, 잎이 갈라지는 맥수는 비교적 3-5개로 고정된 반면, Palamta 열은 잎의 맥수가 많아지면서(7-11개), 화서가 단축된 산방화서의 별다른 변화를 보여주지 않아, 서로 상반된 진화양상을 보였다. A. wilsonii은 Sinensia 열중 잎과 화서가 모두 단축된 진화된 계열로 판단되지만 꽃잎이 5장으로 4장인 A. tutcheri와는 서로 유연관계는 먼 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구결과A. wilsonii의 선정기준표본, 분포도, 검색표를 제시하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.112-120
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• 2006

It is possible to divide the historical changes of slope revegetation in Japan into five periods as follows; 1) The early period after creation(1927-1948), 2) The spreading period of modern revegetation work with manpower(1947-1958), 3) The spreading period of rapid revegetation technique using exotic grasses with machineries(1959-1985${\dots}$), 4) The spreading period of rapid reforestation technique by fast growing species mainly using leguminous shrub species(1986-1995${\dots}$), 5) The developing period of nature restoration technique using endemic arborous species(1996-). Recently main purpose of slope revegetation has been developing from the erosion protection to the nature restoration in the current of the 5th period. It is said that the role of the Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology(JSRT) is critical to the history of slope revegetation in Japan. 'The tentative guidelines of slope nature restoration' was announced by JSRT in 2004. In the guidelines, it was proposed that the planning techniques of using suitable seeds/plants based on the preservation level at the each construction sites. Moreover, the use of soil seed bank is the new and important study theme in the field of nature restoration. Consequently, at present the importance of advanced monitoring methods for vegetation maintenance and plant sociologic survey to evaluate the plant succession is increasing. Finally, some critical concepts are necessary to develop the field of restoration in Korea as follows; 1) monitoring of constructed sites, 2) ensuring of biodiversity, 3) recognition of slow revegetation and mosaic arrangement in revegetation, 4) reuse and recycle on the construction sites, and 5) promotion of specialist.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권5호
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• pp.331-336
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• 2010

Background: Recently, the rate of infections with non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) has been increasing in Korea. Precise identification of NTM is critical to determination of the pathogen and to target treatment of NTM patients. Methods: Sixty-eight unclassified mycobacteria isolates by rpoB PCR-RFLP assay (PRA) collected in 2008 were analyzed by National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) search after sequencing of 16S rRNA, hsp65, rpoB genes. Results: Nineteen strains of 68 isolates were specified as species after sequencing analysis of 3 gene types. We found 3 M. lentifulavum, 5 M. arupense, 4 M. triviale, 4 M. parascrofulaceum, and one M. obuense. One M. tuberculosis and another M. peregrinum were mutated at the Msp I recognition site needed for rpoB PRA. The remaining 49 isolates did not coincide with identical species at the 3 kinds genes. Conclusion: Sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA, hsp65, rpoB was useful for identification of NTM unclassified by rpoB PRA.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2013

Background: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well-known pattern recognition receptors. Among the 13 TLRs, TLR2 is the most known receptor for immune response. It activates mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), which are counterbalanced by MAPK phosphatases [MKPs or dual-specificity phosphatases (DUSPs)]. However, the regulatory mechanism of DUSPs is still unclear. In this study, the effect of a TLR2 ligand (TLR2L, Pam3CSK4) on DUSP4 expression in Raw264.7 cells was demonstrated. Methods: A Raw264.7 mouse macrophage cell line was cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics (100 U/mL penicillin and 100 g/mL streptomycin) at $37^{\circ}C$ in 5% $CO_2$. TLR2L (Pam3CSK4)-mediated DUSP4 expressions were confirmed with RT-PCR and western blot analysis. In addition, the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured with lucigenin assay. Results: Pam3CSK4 induced the expression of DUSP1, 2, 4, 5 and 16. The DUSP4 expression was also increased by TLR4 and 9 agonists (lipopolysaccharide and CpG ODN, respectively). Pam3CSK4 also induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and ROS production, and the Pam3CSK4-induced DUSP4 expression was decreased by ERK1/2 (U0126) and ROS (DPI) inhibitors. U0126 suppressed the ROS production by Pam3CSK4. Conclusion: Pam3CSK4-mediated DUSP4 expression is regulated by ERK1/2 and ROS. This finding suggests the physiological importance of DUSP4 in TLR2-mediated immune response.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2011

Backgrounds: Danggui, one of the major herbs in Korean traditional medicine consists of three species: Angelica gigas of Korea, Angelica sinensis of China, and Angelica acutiloba of Japan. Despite its importance in Korean traditional medicine, recognition of the clinical differences between its three species is insufficient. Objectives: The purpose of the present review is to suggest evidence in using Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis, and Angelica acutiloba distinctively in clinic, by comparing their pharmacological effects and bioactive compounds. Methods: We searched articles published from 2000 to 2009 in Pubmed, EMbase, and RISS. The search keywords were "Angelica gigas", "Angelica sinensis", "Angelica acutiloba", "dongquei", "toki", "Angelicae Radix", "Archangelica officinalis Hoffm.", "Garden Angelica", "Chinese angelica root", "tangkuei", and "danggui". 861 articles were searched. Among them, we selected 143 articles which met our inclusion criteria. Results: This review summarizes active constituents, experimental studies, clinical studies, pharmacokinetics, side effects and toxicity, drug interaction, and industrial use of Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis, and Angelica acutiloba. Conclusions: While Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba are relatively similar, Angelica gigas is quite different from the others in main active constituents and genetic form. The main experimental studies of Danggui are cardiovascular studies, central nervous system studies and anti-cancer activity. Even though there were cases in which the three species show similar pharmacological effects, the mechanism was not always shared. Therefore, distinguished use of Angelica gigas, Angelica sinensis and Angelica acutiloba is needed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1428-1436
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• 2023

The three Gram-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive bacterial strains RS43^T, HBC28, and HBC61^T, were isolated from fresh water and subjected to a polyphasic study. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence initially indicated that strains RS43^T, HBC28, and HBC61^T were closely related to species of genus Curvibacter and shared the highest sequence similarity of 98.14%, 98.21%, and 98.76%, respectively, with Curvibacter gracilis 7-1^T. Phylogenetic analysis based on genome sequences placed all strains within the genus Curvibacter. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values between the three strains and related type strains supported their recognition as two novel genospecies in the genus Curvibacter. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the genus possessed an open pangenome. Based on KEGG BlastKOALA analyses, Curvibacter species have the potential to metabolize benzoate, phenylacetate, catechol, and salicylate, indicating their potential use in the elimination of these compounds from the water systems. The results of polyphasic characterization indicated that strain RS43^T and HBC61^T represent two novel species, for which the name Curvibacter microcysteis sp. nov. (type strain RS43^T =KCTC 92793^T=LMG 32714^T) and Curvibacter cyanobacteriorum sp. nov. (type strain HBC61^T =KCTC 92794^T=LMG 32713^T) are proposed.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.649-658
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• 1995

붕넙치과 어류의 종간에 있어서의 유전적 분화정도를 DNA level에서 관찰하기 위하여 참가자미, 문치가자미, 돌가자미, 강가자미의 미토콘드리아 DNA를 분리하고, 6염기인식의 14제한효소로써 절단한 절단단편의 염기치환수를 계산하였다. 1) mtDNA 총염기대수는 4종 모두 17.6kbp 부근으로 나타나 동일한 염기대수를 가지는 것으로 추정되었다. 2) 14종류의 제한효소로써 절단한 절단단편의 pattern으로 4종의 종내 및 종간의 haplotype수를 조사한 결과, 참가자미에서는 10개, 문치가자미에서는 4개, 강가자미에서는 2개, 돌가자미에서는 1개의 haplotype이 관찰되었으며, 종간에 있어서는 공통적인 haplotype가 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. 3) mtDNA의 유전적 변이성을 나타내는 haplotype 다양도 (h)는 참가자미에서 0.588, 문치가자미에서 0.371로 나타나 참가자미에서 높은 변이성을 나타내었다. 4) 4종의 유전적 분화의 정도를 mtDNA haplotype간의 제한 부위당 염기치환수 (d)로써 살펴 본 결과, 종내의 평균은 0.0045, 종간의 평균은 0.0344, 속간의 평균은 0.0457로 되어 종간, 속간의 값이 종내에 비해 현저하게 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 5) 4종간의 mtDNA haplotype는 1개 또는 2개의 염기치환에 의한 차이가 아니고 유전적 불연속을 나타내었다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1991년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.98-100
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• 1991

A sensitive surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor for the detection of odorants has been constructed by depositing different phospholipids and fatty acids on the surface of the SAW device wi th the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The characteristics of SAW device operating at 310 MHz deposited with phosphatidylcholine were analyzed. Amyl acetate, acetoin, menthone and other organic gases showed different affinities. The identification of odorants depending on the species of lipid used for coating is discussed in terms of the similarity of the normalized resonant frequency shift pattern. Using a number of different lipid-coated SAW devices, odorants could be identified by a neural-network pattern recognition with back-propagation algorithm.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.149-159
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• 2005

With increasing recognition on conservation of endangered species in Taiwan, one of the major conservation projects is the habitat restoration of Formosan Landlocked Salmon which is major threatened by check dams in the channel for their blockading pathway to upstream and causing the problems of population isolation and close-blood mating. By creating an opening in the central dam body appropriately, partial removal dams can provide pathway for the fish for the better upstream channel habitat. Four check dams at Gau-Shan Creek were remodeled between April of 1999 and September of 2002 with information supported from model experiments under certain hydraulic condition of field environment. Based on the follow-up investigation, the channel morphology of observation sections is in stable condition and the total number of Formosan Landlocked Salmon in this creek increased promptly at the reach containing partial-removed dams.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2005

Avian vocalization has been main topics in studying animal communication. The structure and usage as well as development and function of vocalization vary enormously among species and even among populations, and thus we reviewed the general patterns of song learning and the consequences of song communication in birds at the behavioural level: first, we compared the different learning phenomena between non-songbird and songbird, and we investigated the learning process of songbird both in the field and in the lab, which are needed to fully understand vocal communication. Second, we discussed a recent trend of sexual selection hypothesis explaining the structural and functional diversity of song in songbirds with repertoire and presented how the repertoire is actually used between neighbours based on individual recognition.