• 제목/요약/키워드: Special Records Center

검색결과 48건 처리시간 0.025초

급성호흡곤란증후군의 원인으로서의 발진열 (Murine Typhus as a Cause of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Endemic Area)

  • 윤지열;임채만;이상도;김우성;김동순;김원동;김현국;우영대;박미연;고윤석
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제52권4호
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    • pp.367-375
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    • 2002
  • 연구배경: 발진열은 벼룩에 의해 매개되며 전세계적으로 발생되는 리케치아질환으로 대개 경한 임상경과를 보이나 간혹 중증으로 발현된다. 저자들은 발진열로 유발된 급성호흡곤란증후군 6예를 경험하게 되어 그 임상상을 분석하고자 하였다. 방 법: 1991년 이후 서울중앙병원에 발열을 주소로 내원하여 발진열로 진단된 환자들을 찾아 호흡곤란증후군을 동반한 군과 그렇지 않은 군으로 나누어 각군에 대한 연령, 성별, 혈액학적 검사 및 미생물학적 검사에 대해 조사하여 비교하였다. 발진열의 진단은 특이적 면역형 광항체검사법을 시행하여 초회 항체역가가 1:512 이상이거나 추적 항체가의 4배이상 증가가 있으면서 발진열에 합당한 임상양상이 있는 경우로 한정하였고 급성호흡곤란증후군은 American-European Consensus Conference에 제시된 기준에 따라 정의하였다. 결 과: 호흡곤란증후군이 동반된 6례를 포함 모두 15예가 있었다. 호흡곤란증후군이 동반된 6명의 환자 중 2명이 여자였고 3명이 도시에 거주하였다. 발진은 모두에서 관찰되지 않았다. 한명이 치료도중 사망하였다. 급성호흡곤란증후군과 연관된 인자로 진단 및 치료시까지의 지연시간과 저알부민혈증, 혈중 bilirubin의 증가, 높은 APACHE III 점수와 MOD 점수가 통계적 유의성을 보였다. 결 론: 발진열은 풍토병의 성격을 띤 지역에서 원인미상의 급성호흡곤란증후군의 한 원인으로 고려될 수 있고 최근 도시거주자에게도 발병되고 있다. 발진열에 의한 급성호흡곤란증후군의 예후는 다른 원인에 의한 경우보다 좋지만 조속한 진단 및 치료가 중요할 것으로 생각된다.

응급의료센터 내원환자 진료시 소요시간과 관련된 요인 (Factors Related to Waiting and Staying Time for Patient Care in Emergency Care Center)

  • 한남숙;박재용;이삼범;도병수;김석범
    • 한국의료질향상학회지
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    • 제7권2호
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    • pp.138-155
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    • 2000
  • 3차 의료기관 응급의료센터의 총 진료소요시간을 단축하여 업무의 효율성을 높이고 환자적체를 해소하는 방안을 마련하기 위하여 l997년 4월 1개월 동안 대구광역시 소재 영남대학교병원 응급의료센터 내원환자 1,742명을 대상으로 환자의 특성, 응급진료와 관련된 내용 및 응급진료시간, 그리고 상호관련성을 분석하였다. 평균 초진소요시간은 83.3분이었고, 남자 83.1분, 여자 84.9분여였으며, 평균 총 진료소요시간은 전체 698분이었고, 남자 718.0분 여자 670.5분이었다. 총 진료소요시간은 고령일수록 증가하였으며 의료보호환자에서 초진 및 퇴실시간이 가장 많이 소요되었고 산재환자는 가장 적게 소요되었다. 전원시 소견서를 구비하지 않은 경우에 초진소요시간어이 많았으며, 총 진료소요시간은 외래어에서 전과된 경우, 타병원으로부터 전원된 경우, 전원시 소견서를 구비한 경우와 OCS를 부분적으로 사용한 경우에 많았다. 약물중독환자, 심폐소생술을 시행한 환자, 내과환자 수혈을 받은 환자 및 복합진료 여부가 3개과 이상이었던 환자에서 총 진료소요시간이 많았으며 당직인턴수가 4명이었던 경우가 총 진료소요 시간이 5명이었던 경우에 비해 더 많이 걸렸다. 입원한 경우, 입원명령후 공실이 없었던 경우에서 역시 총 진료소요시간이 증가하였으며 총 진료소요시간과 유의한 상관관계를 갖는 연속변수로는 환자의 연령, 방사선검사수 및 일반검사수였다. 초진소요시간에 대한 중회귀분석결과, 응급의학과 환자, 응급환자, 내원시 심폐소생술 시행환자유무, 내원시 기관내삽관 여부 등이 유의한 독립변수였다. 총 진료소요시간에 대한 중회귀분석결과, 공실유무, 일반검사수, 최종진료과, 타병원 전원유무, 방사선검사수, 퇴원약 유무, 입원실 종류, 입원유무, 담당전공의 연차, 내원원인, 내원시 심폐소생술 시행환자 유무, 수술여부, 병원직원 지인유무 및 특수검사수가 유의한 독립변수였다. 이상의 결과로 보아 응급의료센터내의 환자적체현상을 해결하기 위한 방안으로는 응급환자와 비응급환자를 분류하는 제도적 장치가 필요하며, 필수적인 경우에 한해 일반검사 및 방사선검사를 실시하도록 하며, 병동내의 과별 지정병상을 유동적으로 운영하여 응급의료센터 환자가 우선적으로 입원될 수 있도록 각과의 협조가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

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스트리트 패션의 발생과 변천 (The Origination and Changes of Street Fashion)

  • 정경희;유태순
    • 패션비즈니스
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.71-83
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study is to analyze the present fashion phenomenon by considering the types of street fashion, the center of avant-grade modern fashion, that shows the origination background and special feature concretely. The times was defined through the 1980's from World War II that street style originated, so the range of study was the 1990's when the street style was influenced by that of the past and was revived. The ways of study were to analyze the records of ideology, art and music connected with the street style from World War II to the present when it has risen. The summary of result is as follows. (1) In the 1940's, Zooties was the jet of desire suppressed by African-Americans that couldn't receive favors socially and economically and Hipsters pursued reformative bebop that made up of soft Jazz. In the 1950's, Modernists were running after Cool Jazz to the minimum. In the 1970's, Funk appered in the sexual desire and erotic strength, and was surfaced from Negro Getto. In the 1980's B-boys & Flygirls showed the street style by the scribble art of slum in the New York. As mentioned above, In the 1990's, Acid Jazz influenced by the Jazz of Negro has been the fashion added to the tradition of musical form that come from eclecticism of Jazz tended Neo-Jazz. (2) In the 1940's, Western style dreamed the country life because of rapid urbanization. In the 1950's, Beat obtained the feeling of liberation from the dissolute life and activity. In the 1960's, Psychedelics showed the freedom affected by the Pop-art and Op-art, and Hippies pursued the true individuality as 'love & peace' life style and the return to nature. In the 1990's, Grunge look influenced by the above has been fashion that shows the practical use of second-hand clothing or patchwork contrary to elitism. (3) In the 1940's, Caribbean style appered in the typical textile color with the center of West Indies. In the 1960's, Rude boys showed the magnificence and difficulty of Jamaica, and Rastafarians had a tendency to come back to the ancient civilization of America. In the 1970's, Two-tone was the simple clothing for harmonizing among human races. In the 1990's, Jamaica look influenced by the above has been the Lege fashion introduced to a high fashion, appearing in the special bright color, applique, unique hair style, and so on. (4) In the 1950's, Sufers pursued natural rhythm, getting out of everything. In the 1970' s, Skaters enjoyed the speed on the paved road. In the 1980's, Casuals emphasized the spirit of cooperation of young-things. In the 1990's, Casual look Influenced by the above has been the fashion that forms the activity, function and strong spirit of cooperation by pursuing comfortable life and sports in the tension of life and variety of modern society. (5) It was hard for Bikers to adjust themselves in society after the war. In the 1950's, Coffee bar cowboys were the reckless running boys in the leather jacket. In the 1960's, Rockers created the group originality as disobedient outsiders and Greasers imitated Rolling Stones. In the 1980's, Punks resisted the viewpoint of the old generation in offensive fashion. In the 1990's, Cyberpunk influenced by the above has pursued the classless structure, electronic music and metallic clothing that forebodes gloomily as the computer generation of ultra-modern science times. Accordingly, in understanding a complex modern fashion phenomenon, it was analyzed that the street styles of the past, from World War II to the 1980's, were reflected in that of the 1990's dividing into the five types in a word, namely Acid Jazz, Grunge look, Jamaica look, Casual look and Cyberpunk.

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화엄사 목조비로자나삼신불좌상의 조성기 「시주질(施主秩)」 분석 (Analysis of the Shijujils(施主秩), the records on the creation of Buddha statues, of wooden seated Vairocana Buddha Triad of Hwaeomsa Temple)

  • 유근자
    • 미술자료
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    • 제100권
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    • pp.112-138
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    • 2021
  • 본 논문은 화엄사 목조비로자나삼신불좌상 가운데 좌존(左尊) 노사나불상과 우존(右尊) 석가불상의 복장에서 수습한 2점의 불상 조성기인 「시주질(施主秩)」을 분석한 것으로, 두 자료는 2015년 9월과 2020년 7월의 복장조사를 통해 나온 것이다. 2015년 9월에 수습한 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 한동안 미공개로 화엄사 성보박물관에 소장되다가 2020년 7월 노사나불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」이 발견되면서, 2021년 9월 '지리산 대화엄사' 특별전을 통해 함께 처음으로 공개되었다. 화엄사 두 불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 17세기에 조성된 불상에 관한 기존 조성기의 일반적인 낱장 또는 두루마리 형식과 다르게, 선장(線裝) 방식으로 가철(假綴)된 책자 형식으로 되어 있다. 노사나불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 1책 19장 38면으로, 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 1책 11장 22면으로 구성되어 있다. 「시주질(施主秩)」의 내용은 불상 조성의 목적, 제작 시기, 봉안(奉安) 연도 및 봉안처(奉安處), 존명(尊名), 소임자(所任者), 조각승(彫刻僧), 시주(施主) 물목(物目), 시주자(施主者) 등을 담고 있다. 이밖에도 당시 화엄사에 주석하고 있던 승려들까지 수록하고 있는 점에서 「시주질(施主秩)」은 약 400여 년 전 화엄사의 중창 불사 당시의 상황을 오늘날에 소상하게 알려주는 타임캡슐(time capsule) 같은 것이다. 노사나불상과 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」 및 노사나불상의 대좌 기록에 의하면, 1634년(인조 12) 3월에 화엄사 비로자나삼신불상을 조성하기 시작해 8월에 완성한 후, 1635년(인조 13) 가을에 대웅전에 봉안한 사실을 확인할 수 있다. 화엄사 비로자나삼신불상의 제작 시기를 1634년으로 특정할 수 있게된 점은 매우 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 그동안은 중관(中觀) 해안(海眼)이 1636년(인조 14)에 저술한 『호남도구례현지리산대화엄사사적(湖南道求禮縣智異山大華嚴寺事蹟)』에 의존해 비로자나삼신불상의 조성 시기를 1636년으로 추정해 왔는데, 이제는 화엄사 비로자나삼신불상의 제작 시기를 1634년으로 특정할 수 있게 되었기 때문이다. 화엄사 노사나불상과 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 벽암(碧巖) 각성(覺性)의 역할을 잘 알 수 있는 자료이기도 하다. 벽암 각성은 1630년에 화엄사 동오층석탑을 중수할 때는 '대공덕주(大功德主)'였고, 1634년 삼신불상을 조성할 때도 '판거사(辦擧事)' 또는 '대공덕주(大功德主)'였으며, 1653년 영산회 괘불탱을 조성할 때 역시 주도적인 역할을 맡는 등 17세기 화엄사 중창 불사에 가장 중추적인 역할을 한 인물이다. 화엄사 노사나불상과 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 벽암 각성과 왕실과의 관계를 밝힐 수 있는 자료라는 점에서도 매우 중요하다. 노사나불상과 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 불상의 조성과 관련하여 왕실 인물인 선조의 아들 의창군(義昌君) 이광(李珖)과 사위 신익성(申翊聖), 인조의 아들 소현세자(昭顯世子) 등이 구체적으로 기록된 최초의 자료이기 때문이다. 화엄사 노사나불상과 석가불상의 「시주질(施主秩)」은 비로자나삼신불상의 조성 연도, 벽암 각성과 왕실의 관계 및 벽암 각성의 역할 등, 17세기 비로자나삼신불상의 조성에 관한 구체적 정보를 담고 있어 미술사뿐만 아니라 향후 화엄사의 역사 연구에도 중요한 자료적 가치가 있다.

Clinical Outcome of Modified Laparoscopy-Assisted Proximal Gastrectomy Compared to Conventional Proximal Gastrectomy or Total Gastrectomy for Upper-Third Early Gastric Cancer with Special References to Postoperative Reflux Esophagitis

  • Huh, Yeon-Ju;Lee, Hyuk-Joon;Oh, Seung-Young;Lee, Kyung-Goo;Yang, Jun-Young;Ahn, Hye-Seong;Suh, Yun-Suhk;Kong, Seong-Ho;Lee, Kuhn-Uk;Yang, Han-Kwang
    • Journal of Gastric Cancer
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.191-200
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    • 2015
  • Purpose: This study evaluated the functional and oncological outcomes of proximal gastrectomy (PG) in comparison with total gastrectomy (TG) for upper-third early gastric cancer (EGC). Materials and Methods: The medical records of upper-third EGC patients who had undergone PG (n=192) or TG (n=157) were reviewed. The PG group was further subdivided into patients who had undergone conventional open PG (cPG; n=157) or modified laparoscopy-assisted PG (mLAPG; n=35). Patients who had undergone mLAPG had a longer portion of their intra-abdominal esophagus preserved than patients who had undergone cPG. Surgical morbidity, recurrence, long-term nutritional status, and the incidence of reflux esophagitis were compared between the groups. Results: The rate of postoperative complications was significantly lower for PG than TG (16.7% vs. 31.2%), but the five-year overall survival rate was comparable between the two groups (99.3% vs. 96.3%). Postoperative levels of hemoglobin and albumin were significantly higher for patients who had undergone PG. However, the incidence of reflux esophagitis was higher for PG than for TG (37.4% vs. 3.7%; P<0.001). mLAPG was related to a lower incidence of reflux esophagitis after PG (P<0.001). Conclusions: Compared to TG, PG showed an advantage in terms of postoperative morbidity and nutrition, and there was a comparable prognosis between the two procedures. Preserving the intra-abdominal esophagus may lower the incidence of reflux esophagitis associated with PG.

조선시대 아산 공세곶창성의 배치 특성에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Block Planning Characteristics of the Tribute Granary Castle at Asan Cape Gongse in the Joseon Dynasty)

  • 이왕기;이정수;임초롱
    • 건축역사연구
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    • 제16권3호
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    • pp.75-94
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    • 2007
  • There were many researches on marine transportation and granaries, most of which focused on the historical establishment and organization of the marine transportation. However, a few researches were conducted on the architectural aspects. Hence the purposes of this study are to investigate the following matters: first, documents and relics concerning the tribute granary castle at Cape Gongse in Asan, a typical granary during the Joseon Dynasty, were investigated to academically understand the castle's establishment and historical background; second, the dispositional characteristics of the granary and the castle, including its adjacent facilities, were investigated to review its archaeological value; finally, basic materials were provided for systematical preservation and management these relics. As for the research method, the author referred to and analyzed sundry records and old maps, and ascertained in detail historical evidence through residential testimonies and the on-the-spot surveys. In addition, the author investigated the dispositional characteristics of the tribute granary castle at Cape Gongse by analyzing its exact size and shape, based on the old documents and an actual survey of the castle remains. The characteristics of the tribute granary castle at Cape Gongse may be summarized as follows. First, tribute granary at cape Gongse is a only tribute granary which has a granary and castle. second, the tribute granary castle at Cape Gongse has a curvilinear shape, like a gourd dipper; a large circle surrounding the village and a small circle surrounding the area of Mt. Shinpoong both meet up with it. Third, the construction type of the tribute granary castle at Cape Gongse is in a style similar to a town castle or a battle camp castle located in the coastal regions. As for its locational conditions, however, the east gate, presumably an incoming and outgoing route to the granary for vessels, was a feature unique to the marine granary castle. Fourth, the tribute granary at Cape Gongse had a granary of eighty kan in 1523 and, in addition, there were also Bongsang-cheong, Sa-chang, Joseon-sobakcheo, Chimhae-dang, and more, not to mention many privates houses in the castle. The granary is located in the center of the tribute granary castle, where Gongse Nonghyub is currently located. The location of the government offices seemed to be on the northern ridge. Fifth, the tribute granary castle at Cape Gongse is a valuable relic that offers insight into marine transportation, tribute granaries, and tribute granary castles during the Joseon Dynasty. It has special archaeological value because it was one of only a few tribute granary castles that served to protect the tribute granaries.

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웹기반 굴착 영향도 예측 및 위험도 평가 시스템 개발 (Development of web-based system for ground excavation impact prediction and risk assessment)

  • 박재훈;이호;김창용;박치면;김지은
    • 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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    • 제23권6호
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    • pp.559-575
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    • 2021
  • 최근지반굴착 공사의 증가로 인해 지반침하사고 발생 가능성은 점점 높아지고 있지만, 지하안전관리에 관한 특별법 제정 등 제도적인 강화에도 불구하고 지반침하사고를 근본적으로 예방하는 것은 매우 어려운 실정이다. 도심지 지반굴착의 여러 사례를 살펴보면, 굴착 전에 다양한 정보를 활용해 예측했던 지반침하 거동특성은 시공 중에 확인된 결과와 무시할 수 없을 정도의 차이를 보이고 있다. 이러한 원인은 지반조건의 변화, 지반침하 예측방법의 한계, 설계와 착공 시기의 계절적인 차이, 현장여건을 고려한 공법의 변경 및 기타 다양한 사유에 의한 장기간의 공사 중지 등의 현장 여건 변경이 주요 원인으로 고려될 수 있다. 이에 대응하기 위한 방안으로, 다양한 시공정보를 통한 안전관리시스템 도입을 예를 들 수 있으나 아직까지는 굴착으로 인한 영향 및 위험도를 예측할 수 있는 시스템은 부재한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 도심지 굴착사업의 설계·시공에 있어서 지반침하와 주변 구조물에 미치는 굴착 영향도를 사전에 예측하고 위험도 평가를 할 수 있는 시스템을 개발하였으며, 과거에 획득된 현장계측 데이터를 통해 현재 및 장래 지하수위와 침하량 등을 예측할 수 있는 시계열 분석기법과 지반공학 데이터 시각화(Geotechnical Data Visualization, GDV) 기술을 적용하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 웹기반 평가시스템을 통해 과거에 획득된 데이터를 이용하여 현재 및 장래 지하수위 변화 및 침하량 예측 등 굴착으로 인한 위험도 예측 및 관리가 가능할 것으로 기대된다.

의학필담 형식과 내용의 상관성 및 변천에대한 연구 - '~ 록(錄)', '~ 의담(醫談)', '~ 필어(筆語)'를 중심으로 - (A Study on the concern and change of form and matter in medical conversation by writing)

  • 김형태
    • 동양고전연구
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    • 제37호
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    • pp.217-248
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    • 2009
  • 조선후기 통신사 파견을 통해 일본에 현존하는 필담창수집(筆談唱酬集)은 과거 한일 양국의 성신교린(誠信交隣)을 확인할 수 있는 귀중한 역사적 기록물이다. 그 중에는 당시 양국 의원(醫員)들 간의 만남을 통해 이루어진 필담도 상당수 포함되어 있다. 본 연구자는 제목에 '~ 록(錄)', '~ 의담(醫談)', '~ 필어(筆語)'가 포함된 필담창수집 중 의학필담을 중심으로 형식과 내용이 어떤 상호 관련을 맺고 있는가를 살펴보았다. '~ 록'은 중요 사실을 기록한 다른 텍스트의 부록이거나 해당 텍스트 내용 일부분에 의학필담을 부수적으로 담고 있다. 이들 텍스트는 양국간 생생한 교류 흔적을 담고 있으며, 의학필담도 핵심적 내용만 짧은 분량으로 요약되어 그 사료적 중요성이 크다. '~ 의담'은 당시 양국 의원을 중심으로 진행된 의학적 담화 내용만을 본격적으로 정리한 의학필담집이다. 이들은 일본 의원의 치험례 정리 및 확인으로부터 의론(醫論) 강화를 통한 적극적 의견 개진으로 변화되는 각 시기 의학적 주요 관심사의 변천 흐름을 잘 보여주는 자료이다. '~ 필어'의 특성은 현장감 강화를 위한 대화 방식이다. '필어'의 의미에도 암시되어 있듯이 신변잡기적 내용까지 빠짐없이 기록하여 현장감이라는 필담의 성격을 보다 명확하게 규정하고 있다. 또한 약물과 병증중심의 의학 관련 필담과 박물학적 내용 위주로 구성되어 있고, 시문(詩文)은 의원들과 관련된 작품들만 수록함으로써 '록'의 기록성과 '의담'의 분화적 성격을 함께 지닌 특성을 잘 보여주는 텍스트이다.

중국 하북성 마을제 연구 - 하북성조현범장이월이룡패회중룡신적여인(河北省趙縣范庄二月二龍牌會中龍神的與人) - (A Study of Local Festival for the China Hebeisheng)

  • 박광준
    • 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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    • 제36권
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    • pp.347-377
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    • 2003
  • China is a country with large agricultural areas and subject to frequent calamities. Drought is the top of them. It has been a key problem for development of agriculture in the country. In the long struggle against drought, Chinese have accumulated many rational and irrational experiences. The Dragon Kings Belief, which is popular in North China and discussed in a thesis, is one of their irrational experiences. The belief was passed together with Buddhism from India to China in the Tang Dynasty. After it settled down, it was incorporated with the local five dragons belief and a set of beliefs in dragon kings came into existence. The emergence of the dragon kings belief ended the history that the title of rain got was not clear in China and Dragon kings finally got the status. Irrigation is the lifeblood of agriculture in China. In a Chinese mind, Dragon kings are the most important gods who take charge of rain and thus offer the lifeblood. In understanding the nature and characteristics of Chinese traditional culture, it is important for us to make clear the origin and evolution of the belief, find out its nature, function and operation. In the every year beginning of February of the Fanzhuang calendar in the people of Hebeisheng Zhaoxian, would all hold a festival to offer sacrifices to the $^{{\circ}TM}^{\prime}longpai$. Longpai was regarded as the core of the temple fair, thus the native sons came to call this festival; "longpaihui". In this region the'Fanzhuang longpaihui'developed into a well knownand grand temple fair. It was able to attract numerous pilgrims with its special magic power, occupying a place in $China^{{\circ}TM}$ 'eryueer'festival with festive dragon activities. The dragon is a common totem among Chinese nationals. The belief worship of the dragon dates from the start time of primitive societies. Dragon oneself the ancients worship's thunder lightning. In the worship of the great universe, at first afterwards this belief with the tribe's totem worships to combine to become the animal spirit. In ancient myths legends, along with folk religion and beliefs all hold a very important position. The longpaihui is a temple fair without a temple; this characteristic is a distinction between longpaihui and other temple fairs. As for longpaihui must of the early historical records are unclear. The originator of a huitou system has a kind of organized form of the special features rather, originator of a huitou not fix constant, everything follows voluntarily principle, can become member with the freedom, also can back at any time the meeting. There is a longpaihui for 'dangjiaren', is total representative director in the originator of a huitou will. 'banghui' scope particularly for extensive, come apparently every kind of buildup that help can return into the banghui, where is the person of this village or outside village of, the general cent in banghui work is clear and definite, for longpaihui would various businesses open smoothly the exhibition provides to guarantees powerfully. Fanzhuang longpaihui from the beginning of February to beginning six proceed six days totally. The longpai is used as the ancestry absolute being to exsits with the community absolute being at the same time in fanzhuang first took civil faith, in reality is a kind of method to support social machine in native folks realize together that local community that important function, it provided a space, a kind of a view to take with a relation, rising contact, communication, solidify the community contents small village, formation with fanzhuang. The fanzhuang is used as supplies for gathering town, by luck too is this local community trade exchanges center at the same time therefore can say the faith of the longpai, in addition to its people's custom, religious meaning, still have got the important and social function. Moreover matter worthy of mentioning, Longpai would in organize process, from prepare and plan the producing of meeting every kind of meeting a longpeng of the matter do, all letting person feeling is to adjust the popular support of, get the mass approbation with positive participate. Apart from the originator of a huitou excluding, those although not originator of a huitou, however enthusiasm participate the banghui of its business, also is too much for the number.

우리나라대학의 학교보건관리에 관한 실태조사 (A Study on the School Health Services in the Universities, Colleges and Junior Colleges)

  • 손무인
    • 보건교육건강증진학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.83-97
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    • 1983
  • The present study is to provide information for the improvement of school health services through research on the current condition of its organization and practice in universities, colleges and junior colleges. The scope of this study is consisted of four components including health organizations/units, school health services, environmental sanitation and health education for the 30 universities, the 20 colleges and the 32 junior colleges in Korea. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) Among the sampled schools, around 73% of them have the health service organization/unit. When we break down health service organization/unit into the types by the level of school, around 73% of the universities have formal organization called "health center" and 20.0% of them have an informal organization called "health room". For the colleges level, 30.0% of them have the "health center" and 40.0% of them have the "health room". The figure of junior colleges is a quite different from universities and colleges, 56.3% of junior colleges have the "health room" only but the other have no service organization at all. (2) It was found that only 22.0% of 82 schools have the health committee for the school health services. It might be necessary to have a kind of expert committee to establish an annual health service program, budget and health policy in the school. (3) Approximately 29% of those schools having formal health organizations/units appointed directors as a medical persons. 13.4% of the sampled schools are appointed doctors (including the dentists) at health service organization/unit, 9.8% are appointed pharmacist and 65.9% are appointed nurses. Therefore, the data imply that the school health services are depending mainly on nurses. (4) The major activities of school health services are covering primary medical care (84.1%), health counseling (72.0%), physical examination (68.3%), vaccination (58.5%), tuberculosis control (54.9%), parasite control (29.3%) and dental health case(9.8%). Also 69.5% of the schools have the program on the environmental sanitation and the health education program. (5) In regard to health budget taking account of 34 schools, approximately 92% of them have less than 5,000 won per students and only 8.8% of them have more 10,000 won per students. At the average health budget per students is 4089.8 won in universities, 1617.1 won in colleges and 475.0 won in junior colleges. (6) The students enjoy the benifit of medical insurance at 11.0% of 82 schools surveyed. They are all universities. (7) The study found that 56 universities, colleges and junior colleges provide the annual physical examination. Only 21.4% of them have provided it for all students and school employees. (8) 64.3% of the 56 schools surveyed keep a record of the regular physical examinations. Records must be utilized as the basic data for the evaluation of the student's health condition and so the individual student is encouraged to take care of his own health. (9) At the 59 schools which practice health counseling, the main concerns of the counsellees are venereal disease, tuberculosis and psychoneurosis. This shows the need to practice health education in the area of preventive medicine. (10) 69.5% of the 82 universities, colleges and junior colleges surveyed are concerned with supervision of the environmental sanitation in their school, but non-professionals are in charge at 70.1% of them. This indicates negligence in environmental sanitation. (11) 53.7% of the 82 schools responded that they have no special instructive measure for the students' health and 54.9% are found to be negative in the use of a health education method. This reveals a problem. They are not positive to the recognition of their function as the initiative organization for the students' health. (12) The supplementary education for the faculty of the school health services is executed only at 8.5% of all the schools surveyed.

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