• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권10호
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• pp.2630-2641
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• 1999

Most of the previous game development has proceeded in the approaches of the temporal-oriented synchronization because of producing game objects by using general authoring tools, and ad hoc or trial and error methods has been devised for representation of spatial concept. This paper is a study on the unification notation for spatio-temporal synchronization to conquest this fault. First of all, we classify game space as temporal object, spatial object, absolute/relative spatio-temporal space. The spatio-temporal relationships are divided into temporal extent, temporal location, spatial extent, and spatial location. In the paper the temporal and spatial relationships of game scene are defined to represent the synchronization, and we propose new unification notation by temporal and spatial concept to represent two concepts putting emphasis on space. Their relationships are presented on 3D by creating time axis related with time in scene unit of the two dimensional plane in the pivot on space. The usability of this representation method are shown by applying examples of game scenario.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.272-281
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation between spatial space structure and visitors' behavior and interpret visitors' behavior concretely from the aspect of exhibition environments. So, this study intends to qualify spatial space structure with integration, connectivity and control value by utilizing space syntax, limit to tracking score among the analysis index and reinterpret with exhibition density and extend of eyesight among the exhibition environments. The results of this study are as follows; First, in case of museums, tracking score shows plus correlation with connectivity and control value among the space syntax variables and very low correlation with integration. In case of art museums, tracking score shows plus correlation with integration and wide variable is judged to more useful to analyze visitor's behavior than minor variable. Second, museums doesn't make a great effect on visitors' behavior from the aspect of extent of eyesight, but from the aspect of exhibition density, visitors relatively watched evenly without short cut at the early stage of exhibition in spite of high exhibition density. And, they conducted short cut as they went to the middle stage of exhibition on the course of watching although the numerical value of exhibition density is low. Third, in case of art museums, visitors' behavior was relatively influenced by exhibition density, not extent of eyesight. But, as they went to the high level on the course of watching, watching speed became rapid and watching length became short in the place the value of extent of eyesight was high. Its reason is judged to be easy to grasp position or space structure of the next exhibition room visually. Therefore, when the concentration of watching is necessary from the aspect of exhibition, to control exhibition density properly before the space is useful to draw visiting to exhibition space afterward.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2009

지표수-지하수 상호작용의 특성과 강도 및 방향은 지하수두, 수리전도도와 하상지형에 의해 영향을 받게 된다. 이러한 요소들은 공간적으로 매우 불균질하여 결과적으로 상호작용은 유역 전체 물수지에도 영향을 준다. 그러나 지표수-지하수 상호작용의 시공간적인 범위나 강도에 관한 조사 및 연구는 매우 제한적이며 대개 작은 하천 구간의 단면해석으로만 치우쳐 유역기반의 지표수-지하수 상호작용에 대한 포괄적인 연구가 필요한 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 완전연동형 지표수-지하수 결합모형인 SWAT-MODFLOW를 안양천 유역에 적용하여 하천과 대수층의 상호작용의 범위와 강도를 분석하였다. 분석결과 안양천 유역은 강수집중 기간을 제외하면, 연중 기저유출의 공급으로 인해 이득하천의 특성을 잘 나타내는 것으로 나타났으며, 지표수-지하수 상호작용의 영향범위는 표고가 낮은 하류로 갈수록 점점 커지는 것으로 확인되었다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.212-220
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• 2023

Ontologies are knowledge containers in which information about a specified domain can be shared and reused. An event happens within a specific time and place and in which some actors engage and show specific action features. The fact is that several ontology models are based on events called Event-Based Models, where the event is an individual entity or concept connected with other entities to describe the underlying ontology because the event can be composed of spatiotemporal extents. However, current event-based ontologies are inadequate to bridge the gap between spatiotemporal extents and participants to describe a specific domain event. This paper reviews, describes, and compares the existing event-based ontologies. The paper compares and contrasts various ways of representing the events and how they have been modelled, constructed, and integrated with the ontologies. The primary criterion for comparison is based on the events' ability to represent spatial and temporal extent and the participants in the event.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.147-156
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• 2022

Ontologies are knowledge containers in which information about a specified domain can be shared and reused. An event happens within a specific time and place and in which some actors engage and show specific action features. The fact is that several ontology models are based on events called Event-Based Models, where the event is an individual entity or concept connected with other entities to describe the underlying ontology because the event can be composed of spatiotemporal extents. However, current event-based ontologies are inadequate to bridge the gap between spatiotemporal extents and participants to describe a specific domain event. This paper reviews, describes and compares the existing event-based ontologies. The paper compares various ways of representing the events and how they have been modelled, constructed, and integrated with the ontologies. The primary criterion for comparison is based on the events' ability to represent spatial and temporal extent and the participants in the event.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.261-270
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• 2002

Recently, the demand of the Intelligent Transportation System(ITS) has been increased to a large extent, and a real-time traffic information service based on the internet system became very important. When ITS companies carry out real-time traffic services, they find some traffic data missing, and use the conventional method of reconstructing missing values by calculating average time trend. However, the method is found unsatisfactory, so that we develop a new method based the spatial and spatial-temporal models. A cross-validation technique shows that the spatial-temporal model outperforms the others.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.687-698
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• 2021

We present quantitative estimations of changes in the areal extent of coral reef habitats at Weno Island, Micronesia, using high-spatial-resolution remote sensing images and field observations. Coral reef habitat maps were generated from Kompsat-2 satellite images for September 2008 and September 2010, yielding classifications with 78.6% and 72.4% accuracy, respectively, which is a relatively high level of agreement. The difference between the number of pixels occupied by each seabed type was calculated, revealing that the areal extent of living corals decreased by 8.2 percentage points between 2008 and 2010. This result is consistent with a comparison of the seabed types determined by field observations. This study can be used as a basis for remediation planning to diminish the impact of changes in coral reefs.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제7권12호
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• pp.1729-1736
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• 2004

This paper proposes an efficient collision detection method in the dynamic spatial subdivisions for the MMORPG engine which requires realtime interactions. An octree is a suitable structure for static scenes or terrain processing. An octree spatial subdivision enhances rendering speed of scenes. Current spatial subdivisions tend to be highly optimized for efficient traversal, but are difficult to update quickly for a changing geometry. When an object moves to the outside extent for the spatial subdivisions, the acceleration structure would normally have to be rebuilt. The OSP based on a tree is used to divide dynamically wide outside which is the subject of 3D MMORPG. TBV does not reconstruct all tree nodes of OSP and has reduced rebuilding times by TBV information of a target node. A collision detection is restricted to those objects contained in the visibility range of sight by using the information established in TBV. We applied the HBV and ray tracing for an efficient collision detection.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.43-59
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• 2024

본 연구는 서울시 노원자원회수시설을 대상으로 2006년부터 2022년 사이 해당 시설이 인근 지역의 아파트 실거래 가격에 미친 영향과 그 영향의 공간적 범위를 파악하는 데 중점을 두고 있다. 폐기물 처리와 동시에 전기와 난방에너지를 재생산하는 자원회수시설은 주변 부동산 가격에 부정적 영향을 주는 대표적인 혐오시설이다. 서울시는 2026년부터, 전국적으로는 2030년부터 생활쓰레기 직매립이 금지됨에 따라 자원회수시설을 비롯한 폐기물 소각시설의 시설확충에 대한 수요가 급격히 증가될 것으로 예상된다. 아울러 이로 인한 주변 부동산 가격 하락과 관련된 사회적 분쟁이 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 이번 연구에서 노원자원회수시설이 주변 아파트 가격에 미치는 영향을 헤도닉 가격 모델을 이용하여 2006년 이후 17년간에 걸쳐 분석한 결과, 노원자원회수시설은 일관되게 인근지역 아파트 가격에 부정적 영향을 미치며 영향의 공간적 범위는 시설로부터 최소한 1,000미터까지인 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 그 부정적 영향의 강도는 자원회수시설로부터 거리가 증가함에 따라 약해지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 서울시 자원회수시설이 주변 부동산 가격에 영향을 미치는 공간적 범위가 500미터 내외라는 최근의 선행연구결과들과는 다른 것으로 자원회수시설에 대한 사회적 수요증가와 함께 점증될 것으로 예상되는 사회적 분쟁에 대해 더욱 광역적 접근이 필요함을 시사해 준다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2012

Diverse geostatistical tools such as kriging have been used to estimate the volume and spatial coverage of contaminated soil needed for remediation. However, many approaches frequently yield estimation errors, due to inherent geostatistical uncertainties. Such errors may yield over- or under-estimation of the amounts of polluted soils, which cause an over-estimation of remediation cost as well as an incomplete clean-up of a contaminated land. Therefore, it is very important to use a better estimation tool considering uncertainties arising from incomplete field investigation (i.e., contamination survey) and mathematical spatial estimation. In the current work, as better estimation tools we propose stochastic simulation approaches which allow the remediation volume to be assessed more accurately along with uncertainty estimation. To test the efficiency of proposed methods, heavy metals (esp., Pb) contaminated soil of a shooting range area was selected. In addition, we suggest a quantitative method to delineate the confident interval of estimated volume (and spatial extent) of polluted soil based on the spatial aspect of uncertainty. The methods proposed in this work can improve a better decision making on soil remediation.