• Title/Summary/Keyword: Spatial correlation model

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Analysis of Functional Autocorrelation and Development of Functional Econometric Model through Urban Interactions - Focusing on Economic Growth of Small and Medium Sized Cities - (도시 상호작용에 따른 기능적 자기상관분석 및 기능계량경제모형 개발 - 중소도시의 경제성장을 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Dohyeong;Woo, Myungje
    • Journal of Korea Planning Association
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    • v.54 no.3
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    • pp.63-74
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    • 2019
  • Korean government has implemented policies to strengthen the competitiveness of small and medium sized cities. However, since it is often difficult to enhance the competitiveness through individual projects, many local governments in metropolitan areas are working together to pursue local growth. On the other hand, small and medium sized cities that are not included in metropolitan areas due to their spatial limitations have difficulties in implementing effective growth policies. Given this background, the purpose of this study is to identify the functional correlation based on urban interactions and develop functional econometric model for the economic growth of small and medium sized cities. This study uses spatial econometrics models and functional weight matrix to identify the effects of functional networks on small and medium sized cities. The results show the effect of functional networks on the growth of small and medium sized cities and provide policy implications for regional spatial planning that addresses effective management of small and medium sized cities.

Two Stage Small Area Estimation (이단계 소지역추정)

  • Lee, Sang-Eun;Shin, Key-Il
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.293-300
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    • 2012
  • When Binomial data are obtained, logit and logit mixed models are commonly used for small area estimation. Those models are known to have good statistical properties through the use of unit level information; however, data should be obtained as area level in order to use area level information such as spatial correlation or auto-correlation. In this research, we suggested a new small area estimator obtained through the combination of unit level information with area level information.

A Entropy Coding Method using Temporal and Spatial Correlation on HEVC (HEVC에서 시공간적 상관관계를 이용한 엔트로피 부호화 방법)

  • Kim, Tae-Ryong;Kim, Kyung-Yong;Lee, Han-Soo;Park, Gwang-Hoon
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.17 no.1
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    • pp.191-194
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    • 2012
  • The split flag and the skip flag in CU syntax have high correlation on spatial domain as well as temporal domain. This paper suggests a method for enhancing coding efficiency by using not only spatial correlation but also temporal correlation when coding CU information. In the CABAC case, temporal collocated CU information is used for selecting context model of the split flag and the skip flag. In the CAVLC case, current CU information is estimated from temporal collocated CU information then encoded. As a result, a coding efficiency was increased by 0.1%~0.6% in CABAC, 0.1%~0.4% in CAVLC compared with HM 3.0. This method shows better performance on lowdelay condition which uses reference frame close to current frame.

Topology Optimization based on Monte Carlo Analysis (몬테카를로 해석 기반 확률적 위상최적화)

  • Kim, Dae Young;Noh, Hyuk Chun
    • Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.153-158
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    • 2017
  • In this paper, we take into account topology optimization problems considering spatial randomness in the material property of elastic modulus. Based on 88 lines MATLAB Code, Monte Carlo analysis has been performed for MBB(messerschmidt-$b{\ddot{o}}lkow$-blohm) model using 5,000 random sample fields which are generated by using the spectral representation scheme. The random elastic modulus is assumed to be Gaussian in the spatial domain of the structure. The variability of the volume fraction of the material, which affects the optimum topology of the given problem, is given in terms of correlation distance of the random material. When the correlation distance is small, the randomness in the topology is high and vice versa. As the correlation distance increases, the variability of the volume fraction of the material decreases, which comply with the feature of the linear static analysis. As a consequence, it is suggested that the randomness in the material property is need to be considered in the topology optimization.

Salience of Envelope Interaural Time Difference of High Frequency as Spatial Feature (공간감 인자로서의 고주파 대역 포락선 양이 시간차의 유효성)

  • Seo, Jeong-Hun;Chon, Sang-Bae;Sung, Koeng-Mo
    • The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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    • v.29 no.6
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    • pp.381-387
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    • 2010
  • Both timbral features and spatial features are important in the assessment of multichannel audio coding systems. The prediction model, extending the ITU-R Rec. BS. 1387-1 to multichannel audio coding systems, with the use of spatial features such as ITDDist (Interaural Time Difference Distortion), ILDDist (Interaural Level Difference Distortion), and IACCDist (InterAural Cross-correlation Coefficient Distortion) was proposed by Choi et al. In that model, ITDDistswere only computed for low frequency bands (below 1500Hz), and ILDDists were computed only for high frequency bands (over 2500Hz) according to classical duplex theory. However, in the high frequency range, information in temporal envelope is also important in spatial perception, especially in sound localization. A new model to compute the ITD distortions of temporal envelopes in high frequency components is introduced in this paper to investigate the role of such ITD on spatial perception quantitatively. The computed ITD distortions of temporal envelopes in high frequency components were highly correlated with perceived sound quality of multichannel audio sounds.

The Effect of Type of Communication by Physical Therapists on Patient Satisfaction and Revisit Intention

  • Kim, Eun-Ji;Sim, Gyeong Seop;Kim, Dong-Hoon
    • The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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    • v.33 no.5
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    • pp.245-251
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: This study sought to identify the effect of various types of communication by physical therapists on patient satisfaction and revisit intention. Methods: A total of 212 patients who received physical therapy in Seoul and the Gyeonggi province were surveyed on patient satisfaction and revisit intentions depending on the types of communication by physical therapists. Frequency and correlation analyses were conducted to process the data using the SPSS 22.0 program, and the AMOS 18.0 statistical package was used for confirmatory factor analysis. A structural equation modeling analysis was also performed to verify the model and the hypothesis that was set up in the present paper. Results: The survey showed that patient satisfaction correlates positively and significantly with patient-centric communication, physical factors, and spatial behavior. A significant negative correlation was also found between patient satisfaction and therapist-centered communication. Patient satisfaction positively correlated with revisit intentions. Conclusion: These results showed that there was a positive correlation between the communication of the physical therapist and the satisfaction recognized by a patient. This implies that the patient satisfaction with a physical therapist increases as the communication skills of a physical therapist improve. These findings suggest that a physical therapist must adopt patient-centric communication styles, physical factors, and spatial behavior. This study was important as it generated basic data for the formation of a therapeutic relationship through efficient and promotional communication skills. It recognizes the importance of communication between a physical therapist and a patient as the indispensable factor for interaction.

Objective Image Quality Metric for Block-Based DCT Image Coder Using Structural Distortion Measurement (구조적 왜곡특성 측정을 이용한 블록기반 DCT 영상 부호화기의 객관적 화질평가)

  • Chung Tae-Yun
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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    • v.52 no.7
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    • pp.434-441
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    • 2003
  • This paper proposes a new quantitative and objective image quality metric which is essential to verify the performance of block-based DCT image coding. The proposed metric considers not only global distortion of coded image such as spatial frequency sensitivity and channel masking using HVS based multi-channel model, but also structural distortions caused block-based coding. The experimental results show a strong correlation between proposed metric and subjective metric.

Objective Image Quality Metric for Block-Based DCT Image Coder-using Structural Distortion Measurement (구조적 왜곡특성 측정을 이용한 블록기반 DCT 영상 부호화기의 객관적 화질평가)

  • Jeong, Tae Yun
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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    • v.52 no.7
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    • pp.434-434
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    • 2003
  • This paper proposes a new quantitative and objective image quality metric which is essential to verify the performance of block-based DCT image coding The proposed metric considers not only global distortion of coded image such as spatial frequency sensitivity and channel masking using HVS based multi-channel model, but also structural distortions caused block-based coding. The experimental results show a strong correlation between propose(B metric and subjective metric.

Comparison of Wave Model with KMA Buoy Observation Results in the 2002 - 2005 year (기상청 부이 관측결과를 이용한 파랑모델 비교 : 2002년 - 2005년)

  • You, Sung Hyup;Seo, Jang-Won;Chang, You-Soon;Park, Sangwook;Youn, Yong-Hoon
    • Atmosphere
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.279-301
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    • 2006
  • This study analyzed the characteristics of the wind waves near the Korean marginal seas in the 2002 - 2005 year using the third generation wave model, WAVEWATCH - III model. In order to investigate the model performance, model results were compared with the marine meteorological observation results. The 4 years average correlation coefficient between model and observation shows very high value of about 0.77. The model of this study represents very well the characteristics of wind waves near the Korean marginal seas. Simulated monthly sea surface winds and wind waves show the evident spatial variations and this model also simulates very well seasonal characteristics of wind waves in this region.

An Analysis Model Study on the Vulnerability in the Infectious Disease Spread of Public-use Facilities neighboring Senior Leisure Welfare Facilities (노인여가복지시설 주변 다중이용시설에서의 감염병 확산 취약성 분석 모델에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Mijung;Kweon, Jihoon
    • Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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    • v.28 no.4
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    • pp.41-50
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: This study aims to suggest an analysis model finding the relationship between building scale characteristics of Public-use facilities and infectious disease outbreaks around senior leisure welfare facilities and the features and their scopes where quarantine resources are to be concentrated. Methods: Reviewing previous studies found the user characteristics of senior leisure welfare facilities and scale characteristics of urban architectures. The data preprocessing was performed after collecting building data and infectious disease outbreak data in the analysis area. This study derived data for attributes of building size and frequency of infectious disease outbreaks in Public-use facilities around senior leisure welfare facilities. A computing algorithm was implemented to analyze the correlation between the building size characteristics and the infectious disease outbreak frequency as per the change of the spatial scope. Results: The results of this study are as follows: First, the suggested model was to analyze the correlation between the infection frequency and the number of senior leisure welfare facilities, the number of Public-use facilities, building area, total floor area, site area, height, building-to-land ratio, and floor area ratio varied as per the change of spatial scope. Second, correlation results varied between the infection frequency and the number of senior leisure welfare facilities, the number of Public-use facilities, building area, total floor area, site area, height, building-to-land ratio, and floor area ratio. Third, a negative correlation appeared in the analysis between the number of senior leisure welfare facilities and infection frequency. And positive correlations appeared noticeably in the study between the number of Public-use facilities, building area, total floor area, height, building-to-land ratio, and floor area ratio. Implications: This study can be used as primary data on the utilization of limited quarantine resources by analyzing the relationship between the Public-use facilities around the senior leisure welfare facilities and the spread of infectious diseases. In addition, it suggests that infectious disease prevention measures are necessary considering the spatial scope of the analysis area and the size of buildings.