• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
• /
• v.33 no.4
• /
• pp.351-358
• /
• 2017

A new method to decompose the footprints of marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL) on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery into characteristic spatial scales is proposed. Using two-dimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) we obtain three Intrinsic Mode Functions (IMFs), which mainly present longitudinal rolls, three-dimensional cells and atmospheric gravity waves (AGW). The rolls and cells have spatial scales between 3.0 km and 3.8 km and between 5.3 km and 7.1 km, respectively. Based on previous observations and mixed-layer similarity theory, we estimated MABL's depths that vary from 0.95 km to 1.2 km over the rolls and from 3.0 km to 3.8 km over the cells. The AGW has maximum spectrum at 14.3 km wavelength. The method developed in this work can be used to decompose other satellite imageries into individual features through characteristic spatial scales.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.127-140
• /
• 2002

In a spatial database system, the semantic integrity should be supported for maintaining the data consistency. In the real world, spatial objects In boundary layer should always meet neighbor objects, and they cannot hold the same name. This characteristic is an implied concept in real world. So, when this characteristic is disobeyed due to the update operations of spatial objects, it is necessary to maintain the integrity of a layer. In this thesis, we propose a spatial-operation-trigger for supporting the integrity of spatial objects. The proposed method is defined a spatial-operation-trigger based on SQL-3 and executed when the constraint condition is violated. A spatial-operation-trigger have the strategy of execution. Firstly, for one layer, the spatial and aspatial data triggers are executed respectively. Secondly, the aspatial data trigger for the other layers is executed. Spatial-operation-trigger for one layer checks whether the executed operation updates only spatial data, aspatial data, or both of them, and determines the execution strategy of a spatial-operation-trigger. Finally, the aspatial data trigger for the other layers is executed. A spatial-operation-trigger is executed in three steps for the semantic integrity of the meet-property of spatial objects. And, it provides the semantic integrity of spatial objects and the convenience for users using automatic correcting operation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 2014

Furniture has been developed in pursuit of human convenience and comfort, but nowadays it does not consider human users and gradually loses the essence of furniture. Especially furniture design that disregards the relation with space loses both the meaning and purpose of furniture. In this regards, it is necessary to understand the essence of furniture design and establish a design direction for future progress. Based on the relation between furniture and space, this paper intended to study on John Pawson's works that pursued the essence of design focusing on users, and propose a direction in a sense of real meaning for modern furniture design after exploring the characteristic of the furniture design of John Pawson. The study method of this paper was to investigate the design language of John Pawson and analyze his furniture in the morphological structural, functional, and material aspects. Based on such analysis, this study investigated the characteristics of the furniture design and found out what the core of the design that he pursued was. The scope of the study included the Independent Furniture that was restricted furniture collections of Driade and Spatial Furniture designed and installed at the stage of space construction. The study result showed that the design of John Pawson considered 'the suitability to a specific place' as important factor and furniture was planned at the stage of planning space. Each independent furniture defines all spaces in the morphological, lay-out and functional aspects of furniture and emphasizes their own property. As Spatial Furniture shares the function of spatial composition element, Pawson's furniture can be all called Spatial Furniture.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.511-525
• /
• 2017

We introduce an extrapolated higher order characteristic finite element method to construct approximate solutions of a Sobolev equation with a convection term. The higher order of convergence in both the temporal direction and the spatial direction in $L^2$ normed space is established and some computational results to support our theoretical results are presented.

• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• v.34 no.5
• /
• pp.601-614
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we introduce an extrapolated higher order characteristic finite element method to approximate solutions of nonlinear Sobolev equations with a convection term and we establish the higher order of convergence in the temporal and the spatial directions with respect to $L^2$ norm.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
• /
• v.36 no.3_4
• /
• pp.257-270
• /
• 2018

An extrapolated Crank-Nicolson characteristic finite element method is introduced for approximate solutions of nonlinear Sobolev equations with a convection term. And we obtain the higher order of convergence for approximate solutions in the temporal and the spatial directions with respect to $L^2$ norm.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• v.22 no.5
• /
• pp.555-571
• /
• 2016

A hanging-type sand-retaining wall is a very common sand-blocking fence structure used to prevent sand movement. This type of wall is widely used along the Qinghai-Tibet and Gobi desert railways in Xinjiang, Western China. To analyze the characteristics of wind-sand flow fields under the effect of such a sand fence structure, a wind tunnel test and a field test were carried out. The wind tunnel test showed the zoning characteristics of the flow fields under the effect of the hanging-type sand-retaining wall, and the field test provided the sediment transport data for effective wind-proof interval and the sand resistance data in the front and behind the sand-retaining wall. The consistency of the wind-sand flow fields with the spatial distribution characteristic of wind-carried sand motion was verified by the correspondences of the acceleration zone in the flow field and the negative elevation points of the percentage variations of the sand collection rate. The spatial distribution characteristic of the field sand collection data further showed the spatial structural characteristic of the sandy air currents under the action of the hanging-type sand-retaining wall and the sand resistance characteristic of the sand-retaining wall. This systematic study on the wind-sand flow fields under the control of the hanging-type sand-retaining wall provides a theoretical basis for the rational layout of sand control engineering systems and the efficient utilization of a hanging-type sand-retaining wall.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.17 no.5
• /
• pp.40-50
• /
• 2008

This article examined the applicability of spatial configuration to Escher's works through configurative logics and rules and studied the contrasting relations among the unit elements in Escher's works and their characteristics and the creative process of the characteristics. As the results of the study on the bases to maintain and create the partial elements revealed as the characteristics, it was shown that Escher's sequential transformative works demonstrated diverse expressive characteristics as a creative process of Inter-complementary contrasting relations based on the independence of the unit elements. It was also shown that the creative process of the unit elements was actualized through the maintenance base of the fixed and absolute characteristic as the logic for the creation and the creation base of the dynamic and relative characteristic. Therefore, it was interpreted that by applying the logics for creation to Escher's unit elements through the spatial interpretation of the maintenance base and the creation base as well as by configuring the units created in such a way according to the characteristics of Escher's works, spatial possibility canbe derived out from Escher's contrasting tessellation works. The process of spatial configuration is the process to make a balance between various conditions, artists own understanding of the space and his/her intention of the space. From this viewpoint, the logics for maintenance base and for creation base seem to have the potentiality as a spatial configuration to consistently meet the given conditions as well as to derive out novelty through the transformation to maintain the fixed and absolute condition(base) and the characteristics of the independent(additional) transformation arising together with the implicit relations among the transformative units.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.17-27
• /
• 2018

Purpose: This study aims to examine spatial characteristics of emergency department Chronologically through case studies; and to consider the social implication of these spatial changes. Methods: In this study, a total of eight emergency departments, one for each period, were selected in order to analyze the spatial characteristics. The spatial maps of Space Syntax were employed for analyzing case studies. Results: The spatial configuration of emergency department has been changed from five or more emergency department specialties to four or less specialties such as psychiatric, pediatrics, emergency, and trauma. In the case of care initiation area, the concentrated arrangement mode was switched from the distributed arrangement mode. The spatial maps indicate that it can be seen that the tree structure changes to an annular structure emphasizing the connection between the spaces in the emergency department. This shows that the space efficiency, safe, visual control and flexibility in the planning of the emergency department are important factors affecting the spatial structure of the emergency department. Implications: In the future, it is expected that Korean emergency department will be more focused on efficiency, safe, visual control, and flexibility in the planning as in the case studies of the United States.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.67-73
• /
• 2000

The water quality of inland stream is polluting with industrialization and urbanization, and with that water quality of lake also deteriorated, to manage water quality pollution problem of lake, new water quality management method is needed. As a pilot study of the method that manage water quality of lake using GSIS(Geo-Spatial Information System), we study the method which automatically extract the hydraulic characteristic informations of lake in GSIS environment. Also, as an example of practical use of the extracted hydraulic characteristic information of lake, we carry out the characteristic analysis of waterbody flow using finite different method. With the automation the extraction procedure of hydraulics characteristic information needed in characteristic analysis of waterbody flow, we carried out the analysis efficiently. Particularly, with the extraction of section information on lake not in layout form, in analyzable form, we make the analysis that section information of lake was indispenably required(e.g. stratification analysis) possible in GSIS environment.