• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.130-141
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• 2009

The spatial range of EIA is mainly related to landscape ecological factors such as topography, geology, animals, and plants. Problems were detected involved land, soil, noise, oscillation, the atmosphere, animals, and plants in the natural-environment. First of all, the current EIA lacks explicit spatial ranges and sections in terms of scientific exactitude and objectivity for assessment. Secondly, there are overlapping influence-area problems resulting in cumulative impacts of unit developments that accumulate. Finally, some developments have no regard for ecological and conservational value in relation to determining which effect ecological stability, and which should be regarded as Regional Ecological Resources. Therefore, this study suggests that EIA should be improved in the following manner. First, the standard classification of landscape unit for analysis should be established 10 regulate each spatial range on a wide-landscape scale. Secondly, the impacts resulting from the interaction of overlapping influence-area developments between individual development should be assessed. Third, Minimization of the of the environmental effects is needed by applying the cumulative effects to the influence-area where developments occur in the same time or in a sequence. Fourth, individual characteristics of landscape elements such as roads, rivers, and green networks need to be considered separately in the analysis. Finally, regional ecological habitats should be included in the analysis in order to achieve stable ecosystems.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.299-309
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• 2008

Cumulative effects can be defined as impacts on environment which results from incremental impacts of a proposed project, which covers other past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future actions. The necessity of Cumulative Effect Assessment is that, when there are several projects near the project area, environmental effects of individual project can be larger or smaller than those of individual project without having projects nearby because of synergy, ascending and descending effects. This study was intended to help Environmental Impact Assessment practitioners identify spatial and temporal boundaries during the scoping stage. To do this, literature review of domestic and foreign legislations, guidelines, textbooks and papers related to Environmental Impact Assessment and Cumulative Effect Assessment was accomplished. This study suggests that continuous research be needed in order to identify spatial boundaries for other assessment fields and to develop methodologies for cumulative effect assessment.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.19-26
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• 2013

The propose of this study is to analyze the optimum spatial resolution of the urban spatial thermal environment structure and to evaluate of the possibility detection using aerial photographs and thermal satellite images. The proper techniques of the optimum spatial resolution for the urban spatial thermal environment structure were analyzed. Thermal infrared satellite image of Seoul city were used for the change rate of surface temperature variation and suggested to the spatial extent and effects of urban surface characteristics and spatial data was interpreted as regions. To extract the surface temperature, Landsat thermal infrared satellite image compared with an automatic weather station data and in the field of the measured temperature and surface temperature by thermal environment affects, the spatial domain has been verified. The surface temperature of the satellite images to extract after adjusting surface temperature isotherms were constructed. The changes in surface temperature from 2008 to 2012 the average surface temperature observation images of changing areas were divided into space. The results of this study are as follows: Through analysis of satellite imagery, Seoul city surface temperature change due to extraction comfort indices were classified into four grades. The comfort index indicative of the temperature of Gangnam-gu, $23.7{\sim}27.2(^{\circ}C)$ range and Songpagu, a $22.7{\sim}30.6(^{\circ}C)$ respectively, the surface temperature of Yeouido $25.8{\sim}32.6(^{\circ}C)$ were in the range.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.173-181
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• 2001

수치지도 일반화 과정을 통해 생성된 수치지도의 공간데이터에 관한 품질을 평가하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는, 공간데이터 품질유지 측면에서, 변환된 수치지도 데이터가 해당 축척의 수치지도 규정 및 정확도에 위배되지 않도록 하기 위해 이론적 기대정확도의 허용범위를 살펴보고 공간데이터의 품질 평가 기준을 정립하였다. 그리고, 대축척 수치지도를 소축척 수치지도로 변환할 때, 단순화, 완만화, 정리 등과 같은 처리과정을 통해 복잡성을 감소시키게 되면 공간적인 위치변화는 항상 발생하게 될 것이다. 따라서, 각 지점의 변환된 위치에 관한 공간정확도를 분석하는 것은 매우 힘든 일이기 때문에 평가방법으로서 버퍼링기법을 이용하였다. 비록 축척 1/1,000 및 l/5,000에 대한 일반적인 위치오차의 허용범위는 관련법규를 기준으로 결정되었다 하더라도, 각 처리요소에 적용된 알고리즘들은 서로 다른 특성을 가지고 있기 때문에, 알고리즘에 따라 적절한 매개변수와 허용오차를 결정하지 않는다면, 일반화 처리후의 허용범위를 만족할 수 없을 것이다. 허용범위에 근거를 둔 각 알고리즘의 변수에 관한 본 연구에서의 실험결과는 단순화 및 위치오차의 매개변수가 각각 0.2617 m, 0.4617 m를 나타내고 있었다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2009

A lot of data which are used in environment analysis of air pollution have characteristics that are distributed continuously in space. In this point, the collected data value such as precipitation, temperature, altitude, pollution density, PM10 have spatial aspect. When geostatistical data analysis are needed, acquisition of the value in every point is the best way, however, it is impossible because of the costs and time. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the unknown values at unsampled locations based on observations. In this study, spatial interpolation method such as local trend surface model, IDW(inverse distance weighted), RBF(radial basis function), Kriging were applied to PM10 annual average concentration of Seoul in 2005 and the accuracy was evaluated. For evaluation of interpolation accuracy, range of estimated value, RMSE, average error were analyzed with observation data. The Kriging and RBF methods had the higher accuracy than others.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.119-136
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• 2023

Purpose We introduce a groundbreaking surveillance system explicitly designed to overcome the limitations typically associated with conventional surveillance systems, which often focus primarily on object-centric behavior analysis. Design/methodology/approach The study introduces an innovative approach to risk assessment in surveillance, employing image captioning to generate descriptive captions that effectively encapsulate the interactions among objects, actions, and spatial elements within observed scenes. To support our methodology, we developed a distinctive dataset comprising pairs of [image-caption-danger score] for training purposes. We fine-tuned the BLIP-2 model using this dataset and utilized BERT to decipher the semantic content of the generated captions for assessing risk levels. Findings In a series of experiments conducted with our self-constructed datasets, we illustrate that these datasets offer a wealth of information for risk assessment and display outstanding performance in this area. In comparison to models pre-trained on established datasets, our generated captions thoroughly encompass the necessary object attributes, behaviors, and spatial context crucial for the surveillance system. Additionally, they showcase adaptability to novel sentence structures, ensuring their versatility across a range of contexts.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2015

HDR(high dynamic range) 영상 생성은 실세계의 고명암비 영상을 재현하는 방법이다. Exposure fusion은 여러 HDR 영상 생성방법 중 한 가지로 true-HDR 영상을 생성하지 않고, 바로 pseudo-HDR 영상을 생성하는 방법이다. 그러나 노출이 다른 여러 입력영상들 중에서 이동하는 물체가 존재하면 잔상 효과가 발생하여 pseudo-HDR 영상의 화질 열화를 가져온다. 이러한 단점을 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 시간 영역에서 일치성 평가를 통한 무 잔상 exposure fusion을 제안하였다. 먼저 다중 역치 및 밝기를 이용한 비트맵과 색도 일관성 맵을 이용하여 각 입력 영상들간의 일치성을 평가하였고, 이를 시간 영역 가중치 맵으로 나타내었다. 그리고 기존 exposure fusion에서의 공간 영역 가중치 맵과 결합하여 최종 가중치 맵을 생성하였다. 마지막으로 각각 입력 영상에 최종 가중치 맵을 적용한 후, 합성하여 잔상이 제거된 pseudo-HDR 영상을 생성하였다. 실험을 통해 제안된 방법의 pseudo-HDR이 기존의 방법보다 잔상이 더 많이 제거되어 화질이 개선됨을 확인하였고, 객관적인 평가 방법인 기준 영상 대비 오차도 더 적게 나타남을 확인하였다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.221-234
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• 2023

This study was conducted to develop a habitat assessment system for the endangered wildlife II Kirengeshoma koreana Nakai through in-depth interviews with experts based on field surveys and environmental characteristics through spatial data analysis and literature research. Evaluation factors were selected based on the survey results of 31 variables for 23 K. koreana habitats. Afterwards, the importance and evaluation range for each assessment factor were selected. The selection of survey variables, assessment factors, importance of each factor and assessment range was conducted through in-depth interviews with experts at each stage. As a result, the assessment factors and importance were 16% for precipitation of the wettest month, 10% for vegetation zone, 12% for vegetation type, 10% for crown canopy vitality, 14% for tree layer coverage, 13% for drainage grade, 12% for soil depth, and 13% for distance to stream including dry stream. This study provides basic ecological information and a habitat assessment system for K. koreana habitats. Therefore, it can be used as primary data for preparing an endangered wildlife conservation policy, preparing a habitat improvement plan, and selecting an alternative habitat.

• 농촌계획
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

Riverfront plays an important role as accessible and inclusive public space for residents, and a riverfront development and management has become a social and environmental issue. The purpose of this study is to analyze Korean legislation and guidelines applied in a riverfront assessment process to identify any legislative problems. To this end, major laws, regulations, national river management plans, and various guidelines related to river management were reviewed. The followings are the suggestions proposed for future improvement. First, clear and consistent definitions on riverfront areas and its spatial range are required across the laws. Also, recreational activities and facilities in riverfront should be categorized and listed for possible development and maintenance. Second, it is necessary to develop an objective and unified riverfront assessment system. Also, guidelines for surveying and evaluating the conditions and potentials of riverfront should be developed. Third, efforts should be made to revise related laws and guidelines to enable comprehensive and systematic approach in design, planning, implementation, maintenance of riverfront. Improving the related legislations and streamlining an riverfront assessment process can help create environmentally-friendly riverfront spaces and mange them efficiently.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.161-170
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• 2009

As urban growth continues, the earth ecosystem is increasingly dependent on the patterns of urban growth. The impact intensity from urban growth is expected to change predictably with distance from the urban center. However we can't fully understand yet how urban development pattern affects urban ecosystem. In researches about urban ecosystem, it is important to relate the spatial pattern of urbanization to ecological processes. So we used gradient analysis with time data; 1980's, 1990's and 2000's. We attempted to quantify the urban spatiotemporal impacts in Daejeon-city and Cheonan-city, Korea, along a 75km long and 3km wide transect. Through the results, we found the impacts range of urbanization with urban development process of two cities. When the urban growth was concentrated on in both cities, the impacts intensity and range were much stronger and wider. As a result, in urban planning or green space planning, we have to consider suitable urban development forms with surrounding areas, and make legal clauses which limits landuse change. This quantifying the urban gradient is an important step in understanding urban ecology.