• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2014

The aim of this research is theoretical and methodological approaches to the necessity of formation of innovation clusters as growth poles on the basis of statistical analysis and identification of specialization. In this research, we used methods, which will allow to analyze of innovative processes and to identify of prospective branches of specialization of the formation of innovative clusters in the spatial context. Keeping with the previous literature, the present study is determined by the novelty of the problem, concerning the formation and development of innovative clusters as growth poles, as well as large specifics of problems in our country in the framework of use of innovative clusters. An analysis was showed that Kazakhstan's regions have substantial differences in the groups of regions for most of the indicators have presented form a tightly located clusters and in the ratings of innovative susceptibility and innovative activity. This research has some practical implications, which have proved that innovative clusters become platforms as growth poles for introduction of advanced technologies, development of innovative companies, thereby providing a certain stability of the economy of the regions.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2009년도 한국우주과학회보 제18권2호
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• pp.29.4-30
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• 2009

Extra-tidal feature of the globular clusters such as tidal tails and halos can be a crucial evidence of the merging scenario of the Galaxy formation in the dynamical point of view. To search for such an extra-tidal feature of globular clusters located in the Galactic bulge(RGC<3kpc), we obtained wide-field near-infrared JHKs images of 6 metal-poor ([Fe/H]<-1.0) clusters and 3 metal-rich ([Fe/H]>-1.0) clusters. Observations were carried out using IRSF 1.4m telescope and SIRIUS near-infrared camera, during 2006~2007. The obtained images have a total maximum field-of-view of ~ $21'\times 21'$. To select clusters' member stars and minimize the field star contaminations, we applied CMD masking algorithm. Smoothed surface density contour maps with selected stars for each cluster show overdensity features around the tidal radius and beyond. Also, radial surface density profiles within the tidal radius of the clusters show an overdensity feature as a change of slope of the radial profile. The results add further observational constraints of the formation of the Galactic bulge.

• 천문학회보
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.83.1-83.1
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• 2014

Open clusters consisting of a co-spatial and coeval population with a similar chemical composition are a superb astrophysical test bed in both stellar and galactic astronomy. We introduce not only several scientific issues relating to these objects but also comprehensive studies of the two young open clusters Westerlund 1 and IC 1848 formed in extremely different star-forming conditions. Westerlund 1 is known as the most massive starburst cluster in the Galaxy. Located in the Scutum-Centaurus spiral arm, the cluster is relatively close to the Galactic Center. The apparent surface density is very high. On the other hand, IC 1848 is a core cluster within the large-scale star-forming region W5 lying in the Perseus arm. Unlike Westerlund 1, IC 1848 with a putatively low metallicity exhibits a low surface density. We present the fundamental parameters of those young clusters, such as reddening, distance, and age, obtained from the broadband photometric analysis. The stellar initial mass function (IMF) of the clusters is used to investigate the effects of the different star-forming conditions on the star formation activity. With the results of previous studies for several young open clusters, our preliminary results support a possibility that star formation activity may be affected by the environmental factors or the initial condition of natal clouds. In addition, we shortly discuss the age scale and spread of pre-main sequence stars to understand the formation processes of star clusters.

• 천문학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.189-212
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• 2003

I review the current status of understanding when, how long, and how giant elliptical galaxies formed, focusing on the globular clusters. Several observational evidences show that massive elliptical galaxies formed at z > 2 (> 10 Gyr ago). Giant elliptical galaxies show mostly a bimodal color distribution of globular clusters, indicating a factor of $\approx$ 20 metallicity difference between the two peaks. The red globular clusters (RGCs) are closely related with the stellar halo in color and spatial distribution, while the blue globular clusters (BGCs) are not. The ratio of the number of the RGCs and that of the BGCs varies depending on galaxies. It is concluded that the BGCs might have formed 12-13 Gyr ago, while the RGCs and giant elliptical galaxies might have formed similarly 10-11 Gyr ago. It remains now to explain the existence of a gap between the RGC formation epoch and the BGC formation epoch, and the rapid metallicity increase during the gap (${\Delta}t{\approx}$ 2 Gyr). If hierarchical merging can form a significant number of giant elliptical galaxies > 10 Gyr ago, several observational constraints from stars and globular clusters in elliptical galaxies can be explained.

• 천문학회보
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.59.4-60
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• 2018

Ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs) are an unusual galaxy population. They are ghostlike galaxies with fainter surface brightness than normal dwarf galaxies, but they are as large as MW-like galaxies. The key question on UDGs is whether they are 'failed' giant galaxies or 'extended' dwarf galaxies. To answer this question, we study UDGs in massive galaxy clusters. We find an amount of UDGs in deep HST images of three Hubble Frontier Fields clusters, Abell 2744 (z=0.308), Abell S1063 (z=0.347), and Abell 370 (z=0.374). These clusters are the farthest and most massive galaxy clusters in which UDGs have been discovered until now. The color-magnitude relations show that most UDGs have old stellar population with red colors, while a few of them show bluer colors implying the existence of young stars. The stellar masses of UDGs show that they have less massive stellar components than the bright red sequence galaxies. The radial number density profiles of UDGs exhibit a drop in the central region of clusters, suggesting some of them were disrupted by strong gravitational potential. Their spatial distributions are not homogeneous, which implies UDGs are not virialized enough in the clusters. With virial masses of UDGs estimated from the fundamental manifold, most UDGs have M_200 = 10^10 - 10^11 M_Sun indicating that they are dwarf galaxies. However, a few of UDGs more massive than 10^11 M_Sun indicate that they are close to failed giant galaxies.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.502-520
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• 2010

이 연구의 주된 목적은 공간 클러스터의 범역을 설정하는 GIS-기반 방법론을 개발하는 것이다. 주요 과제는 지리적 경계 분석과 LISA-기반 클러스터 탐지에 대한 기존 방법론을 비교 검토함으로써 진일보한 방법론을 고안하고, 그것을 실행하는 GIS-기반 프로그램을 개발하는 것이다. 주요 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 기존 방법론을 검토한 결과, LISA를 이용한 AMOEBA 기법이 가장 타당한 것으로 판단되었다. 둘째, 수정 AMOEBA 기법의 알고리즘을 확립했으며 실행 소프트웨어를 상용 GIS 프로그램의 확장 기능형태로 개발하였다. 셋째, 수정 AMOEBA 기법을 실험 데이터와 실 데이터에 적용한 결과 제안된 기법의 유용성이 확인되었다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.434-446
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• 2021

최근 들어, 산업뿐만이 아니라 사회 전반적으로 큰 영향을 미칠 것으로 예상되는 4차 산업 혁명에 대한 관심이 커지고 있다. 하지만 4차 산업의 공간적 분포와 관련한 연구는 제한적이었다. 이에 본 연구는 비지리적 방법인 LQ와 지리적 방법인 Getis-Ord's Gi^*를 이용하여 4차 산업의 공간적 분포를 유형화하고 집적지를 도출하였다. 분석결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 4차 산업의 "특화지역"은 수도권 지역의 비율이 높으나, 산업유형에 따라 비수도권 지역에서도 확인되었다. 둘째, 4차 산업의 "클러스터"와 "주변 지역"은 대부분 수도권에 군집하여 형성되어 있었다. 셋째, 수도권 지역 내에서도 4차 산업 "클러스터"는 과밀억제권역과 경기남부지역에 편중되어 나타났으며, 수도권 북부지역과 자연보전권역은 소외된 양상을 보였다. 본 논문은 4차 산업의 "클러스터" 지역이 수도권 지역에 집중되어 있으며 이러한 특징을 반영한 정책적 대안이 필요함을 보여주고 있다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.17-30
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• 2021

At present, multiple input multiple output radars offer accurate target detection and better target parameter estimation with higher resolution in high-speed wireless communication systems. This study focuses primarily on power allocation to improve the performance of radars owing to the sparsity of targets in the spatial velocity domain. First, the radars are clustered using the kernel fuzzy C-means algorithm. Next, cooperative and noncooperative clusters are extracted based on the distance measured using the kernel fuzzy C-means algorithm. The power is allocated to cooperative clusters using the Pareto optimality particle swarm optimization algorithm. In addition, the Nash equilibrium particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for allocating power in the noncooperative clusters. The process of allocating power to cooperative and noncooperative clusters reduces the overall transmission power of the radars. In the experimental section, the proposed method obtained the power consumption of 0.014 to 0.0119 at K = 2, M = 3 and K = 2, M = 3, which is better compared to the existing methodologies-generalized Nash game and cooperative and noncooperative game theory.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.45-60
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• 2003

경제의 세계화가 가속화되고 도시경제변화의 주기가 단축됨에 따라 도시의 성장과 발전에 원동력이 되는 산업과 이의 집적논리에 대한 학자들의 관심이 증대하고 있다. 시장의 불확실성과 경쟁의 가속화로 인해 현대의 기업은 비용과 위험감소를 위해, 비시장적 기제들 즉, 신뢰, 협력, 상호의존 등의 사회경제적 기제에 더욱 의존하고 있으며, 명시적인 거래비용의 감소보다는 산업활동의 네트워크, 착근성, 도시의 장소적, 역사적 발전특성 등의 문화경제적 기제에 영향을 받는다. 이 연구에서는 대도시내의 서로 다른 특성을 가지는 두 개의 산업 클러스터의 비교연구를 통해 사회적 자본형성의 특성과 국지적 공간경제와 산업의 차이에 따른 제도화의 특성들을 분석한다. 즉, 100여년의 역사를 가진 시장에서 출발하여 '생산-유통-판매-사후 서비스'가 하나의 한정된 공간에서 이루어지는 동대문의류산업 집적지와 10여 년의 짧은 사무업무활동지구에서 IT중심의 벤처산업지구로 변모한 서울벤처밸리의 내적 발전특성상의 유사점과 상이점을 사회경제기제와 문화경제기제로 나누어 비교하고 서울의 공간경제 발전에의 함의점을 도출한다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.309-317
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• 2018

In this study, a laser sheet technique and PLIF (Planar laser-induced fluorescence) are applied to a laboratory-scale pulverized coal burner of the open type, and the spatial relationship of the pulverized coal particle zone and the combustion reaction zone is examined by simultaneous measurement of Mie scattering and OH-LIF images. It is found that this technique can be used to investigate the spatial relationship of the combustion reaction zone and pulverized-coal particles in turbulent pulverized-coal flames without disturbing the combustion reaction field. In the upstream region, the combustion reaction occurs only in the periphery of the clusters where high-temperature burned gas of the methane pilot flame is entrained and oxygen supply is sufficient. In the downstream region, however, combustion reaction can be seen also within clusters of pulverized-coal particles, since the temperature of pulverized-coal particles rises, and the mixing with emitted volatile matter and ambient air is promoted.