• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.86-95
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• 2007

This study clarifies the theoretical background and the floor plan characteristics of component schools in Small Schools Complexes. The recent researches have proved the enhancement of students' social relationship and school security in the new school environment. The findings fur the characteristics by analyzing the component schools from six school complexes follow: (1) Students can access their classrooms in component schools through main entrances, shared corridors and private corridors. (2) Teachers' area is segregated from students' area, which does not encourage the social relationship between teachers and students. (3) Some of special classrooms, which are generally considered as shared facilities in a Small Schools Complex, are planned within component schools for accommodating specialized educational programs. (4) A component school occupying multiple floors reduces Intelligibility of space and chances of users' visual contact to colleagues. Finally, this study proposed the alternative floor planning directions in order to improve users' social relationship in a component school.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1397-1403
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• 2018

Today, modern people perceive skin care as part of their physical health care, and acne is a common skin disease problem that is found on the face. In this paper, an effective acne detection algorithm using CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ color space has been proposed. It is red when the pixel value of the component image $a^*$ is a positive number, so it is suitable for detecting acne in skin image. First, the skin image based on the RGB color space is subjected to light compensation through color balancing, and converted into a CIE $L^*a^*b^*$ color space. The extracted component image $a^*$ was normalized, and then the skin and acne area were estimated with the threshold values. Experimental results show that the proposed method detects acne more effectively than the conventional method based on brightness information, and the proposed method is robust against the reflected light source.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.43-50
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• 2008

Commercial space, the types of which have been increasingly various and changing rapidly, has been generating new marketing concepts for space. Especially as the environmentally friendly lifestyle spreads around, the component of natural landscape such as plant, stone, or water has been used as an important part in space design, freshly imprinting the brand image beyond the idea of simple interior property. By combining commercial space design with 'the component of the natural landscape', we can improve the brand image, create the newness in the space, lead customers to stay longer in the space, and reinforce the decorative effect. The parts of the commercial space to which we can apply the element of natural landscape are facades, walls, floors, and show windows. Various examples of real application are found according to the areas of business and goods displayed. This thesis attempts to maximize the effect of commercial space by examining and analyzing various instances of space and provide the ways of applying the space that contains an aesthetic value. For the research, 60 articles, theses, reports that have the keyword related to interior landscape and marketing strategy in commercial space were used as references. From the references, 70 cases were selected and analyzed to find landscape application patterns. Also, 4 store cases that landscape application have been the key to their success were selected for the survey. In doing this, I presented the readers with the packaging technique which improves brand image, the effect of stage direction which helps sensitive communication with users, the application as interior structure and the effect of an object that is useful to aesthetic effect in the commercial space. Finally, I endeavored to provide possible problems to be produced when applying the natural element in the commercial space and matters to be attended to in the management.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.62.1-62.1
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• 2015

Polarization of the light reflected off the Moon provides information on the size and composition of the particles in the lunar regolith. The mean particle size of the regolith can be estimated from the combination of the albedo and degree of polarization, while the color ratio of the parallel-component polarization (CP) has been suggested to be related to the amount of nanophase metallic iron (npFe^0) inside the regolith particles. Both the mean size and npFe^0 abundance of the particles have been used as maturity indicators of the regolith since sustained impacts of high energy particles and micro-meteoroids cause comminution of particles and production of npFe^0. Based on our multispectral polarimetric observations of the whole near side of the Moon in the U, B, V, R, and I bands, we compare the maps of the mean particle size, CP, and the optical maturity (OM). We find that the mean particle size map is sensitive to the most immature (~0.1 Gyr) soil, the OP map to the intermediate immaturity (a few 0.1 Gyr) soil, and the CP map to the least immature (~1 Gyr) soil.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.89-96
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• 2010

BVR CCD observations of GW Cep were made on 15 nights in November through December 2008 with a 1-m reflector at the Jincheon station of the Chungbuk National University Observatory. Nineteen new times of minimum lights for GW Cep were determined and added to a collection of all other times of minima available to us. These data were then intensively analyzed, by reference to an O-C diagram, to deduce the general form of period variation for GW Cep. It was found that the O-C diagram could be interpreted as presenting two different forms of period change: an exclusively quasi-sinusoidal change with a period of 32.6 years and an eccentricity of 0.10; and a quasi-sinusoidal change with a period of 46.2 years and an eccentricity of 0.36 superposed on an upward parabola. Although a final conclusion is somewhat premature at present, the latter seems more plausible because late-type contact binaries allow an inter-exchange of both energy and mass between the component stars. The quasi-sinusoidal characteristics were interpreted in terms of a light-time effect due to an unseen tertiary component. The minimum masses of the tertiary component for both cases were calculated to be nearly the same as the $0.23-0.26M\;{\odot}$-ranges which is hardly detectable in a light curve synthesis. The upward parabolic O-C diagram corresponding to a secular period increase of about $4.12{\times}10^{-8}\;d/yr$ was interpreted as mass being transferred from the lesser to more massive component. The transfer rate for a conservative case was calculated to be about $2.66\;{\times}\;10^{-8}\;M_{\odot}/yr$ which is compatible with other W UMa-type contact binaries.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.751-759
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• 2008

Mixtures of factor analyzers(MFA) is useful to model the distribution of high-dimensional data on much lower dimensional space where the number of observations is very large relative to their dimension. Mixtures of common factor analyzers(MCFA) can reduce further the number of parameters in the specification of the component covariance matrices as the number of classes is not small. Moreover, the factor scores of MCFA can be displayed in low-dimensional space to distinguish the groups. We propose the factor scores of MCFA as new low-dimensional features for classification of high-dimensional data. Compared with the conventional dimension reduction methods such as principal component analysis(PCA) and canonical covariates(CV), the proposed factor score was shown to have higher correct classification rates for three real data sets when it was used in parametric and nonparametric classifiers.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.6
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• pp.1891-1908
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• 2018

In this paper, we investigate the existence of an S-shaped connected component in the set of positive solutions of the Dirichlet problem of the one-dimension Minkowski-curvature equation $$\{\(\frac{u^{\prime}}{\sqrt{1-u^{{\prime}2}}}\)^{\prime}+{\lambda}a(x)f(u)=0,\;x{\in}(0,1),\\u(0)=u(1)=0$$, where ${\lambda}$ is a positive parameter, $f{\in}C[0,{\infty})$, $a{\in}C[0,1]$. The proofs of main results are based upon the bifurcation techniques.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.548-555
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• 2007

Typical helicopter simulation programs rely on differential equations of a closed form. However, since these equations are derived using various assumptions, their usefulness is limited to small flight regions and specific model types. This paper presents a component based rotorcraft simulation program. The program adopts methods of multi-body dynamics and is written in an object-oriented programming language. The program was validated using an AH-1G helicopter simulation. The trim results are well matched with flight test data. It is also shown that program is capable of running in real-time on a desktop computer.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.113-122
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• 2014

The objective of the paper is to clarify a methodology based on the use of the existing component mode synthesis methods for the case of two damped substructures which are coupled through a linking viscoelastic flexible substructure and for which the structural modes with free geometrical interface are used for each main substructure. The proposed methodology corresponds to a convenient alternative to the direct use either of the Craig-Bampton method applied to the three substructures (using the fixed geometric interface modes) or of the flexibility residual approaches initiated by MacNeal (using the free geometric interface modes). In opposite to a geometrical interface which is a topological interface on which there is a direct linkage between the degrees of freedom of substructures, we consider a physical flexible interface which exists in certain present technologies and for which the general framework linear viscoelasticity is used and yields a frequency-dependent damping and stiffness matrices of the physical flexible interface.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.485-494
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• 2000

In this work, a fuzzy neural network is used to estimate the relevant sensor signal using other sensor signals. Noise components in input signals into the fuzzy neural network are removed through the wavelet denoising technique . Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the dimension of an input space without losing a significant amount of information. A lower dimensional input space will also usually reduce the time necessary to train a fuzzy-neural network. Also, the principal component analysis makes easy the selection of the input signals into the fuzzy neural network. The fuzzy neural network parameters are optimized by two learning methods. A genetic algorithm is used to optimize the antecedent parameters of the fuzzy neural network and a least-squares algorithm is used to solve the consequent parameters. The proposed algorithm was verified through the application to the pressurizer water level and the hot-leg flowrate measurements in pressurized water reactors.