• 제목/요약/키워드: Soybean Paste

검색결과 604건 처리시간 0.025초

Flavor identification and analysis of fermented soybean pastes

  • Da-Na Lee;Kyung-Min Lee;Sung-Eun Lee;Tae-Oh Kim
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • 제31권3호
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    • pp.374-384
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    • 2024
  • Soybean paste is a staple food used to make doenjang (DE), cheonggukjang (CGJ), and miso (MI). In this study, solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify volatile components in DE, CGJ, and MI, and principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to determine their correlation between soybean pastes. Esters and hydrocarbons accounted for more than 55% of the total volatile components. PCA showed that esters were highly correlated with DE; pyrazines were correlated with CGJ; and alcohols were highly correlated with MI. Because DE, CGJ, and MI are made of the same material, their overall volatile content tended to be similar. However, the main volatile components and fragrances were different. These findings will be used as basic research data to promote quality improvement of soybean-based fermented foods in Korea and Japan.

Effect of Pre-Germination by Treatment of Soaking on Germination of Soybean (콩의 발아 전 침종처리가 발아에 미치는 영향)

  • Cho, Seong-Woo;Kim, Tae-Sun;Kwon, Soo-Jeong;Roy, Swapan Kumar;Lee, Chul-Won;Kim, Hong-Sig;Woo, Sun-Hee
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • 제60권1호
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    • pp.123-137
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    • 2015
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effect of pre-germination soaking on germination in 90 Korean soybean varieties and identification of protein in seeds of 7 soybean varieties. The results obtained that germination rate of soybean seeds was decreased as amount of soaking water and soaking duration in number of days. Difference in germination rate of soybean seeds was significant at three days soaking with water volume of 90 ml. Water absorption of seeds was rapidly increased during the first 6 hours, followed by slow increase until 24 hours and then decreased 24 to 48 hours after soaking soybean varieties for bean sprout soaked the lowest amount of water, while soybean varieties for cooking with rice showed the lowest seed water content. Dissolved oxygen (DO) in soaking water was rapidly decreased during the first 3 hours after soaking, and then slowly decreased. Soybean varieties for vegetable and early maturity showed the lowest DO during early soaking periods, but showed higher DO after 24 hours than other groups of soybean varieties. Electrical conductivity and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) were increased as number of soaking days increased. Soybean varieties for vegetable and early maturity showed the highest electrical conductivity and TDS, followed by those for sauce and paste or cooking with rice, while showed the lowest electrical conductivity and TDS, varieties for bean sprout. Among 90 Korean soybean varieties, varieties which showed the highest germination rate were Jangsu-kong for sauce and paste, Sobaegnamul-kong for bean sprout, Seonheuk-kong for cooking with rice, Seunnokkong for vegetable and early maturity. On the ather hand varieties which showed the lowest germination rate were Iksan and Songhak-kong for sauce and paste, Pangsa-kong for bean sprout, Jinyeul-kong for cooking with rice, Sinlok-kong for vegetable and early maturity. Germination rates of soybean seeds were higher when electrical conductivity, TDS and water absorption of seeds were lower. There were negative correlations between electrical conductivity, TDS and water absorption of seeds and germination rate, while there were positive correlations among electrical conductivity, TDS and soybean seed weight.

Textural and Sensory Properties of Beef Jerky replaced Salt with Soybean Paste, Soy Sauce or Red Pepper Paste (소금(NaCl)을 된장, 간장 또는 고추장으로 대체한 우육포의 조직적 및 관능적 특성)

  • Lim, Hyun-Jung;Jung, Eun-Young;Kim, Gap-Don;Joo, Seon-Tea;Yang, Han-Sul
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • 제46권6호
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2012
  • The aim of this study was to investigate the quality properties of beef jerky replaced salt (NaCl) with red pepper paste, soy sauce and soybean paste. The quality properties of beef jerky including water activity ($a_w$), pH, moisture content, protein content, color, shear force, texture profile analysis and sensory evaluations were investigated. The sliced beef samples were marinated at salt (control), soybean paste (T1), soy sauce (T2) and red pepper paste (T3) for 24 h and then dried at $70^{\circ}C$ for 8 h. The $a_w$ and moisture content varied from 0.88 to 0.79 and from 28.87% to 22.98%, respectively. All treatment samples showed higher final $a_w$ and moisture content than the control sample after drying for the 8 h (p<0.05). The protein content of T2 and T3 samples were lower than the control. Also, shear force and hardness value of all treatment samples had lower than the control (p<0.05). However, all treatment samples showed lower saltiness intensity than the control sample. Sensory panelists recorded greater flavor and texture scores to the samples with soy sauce replacement. Therefore, sensory panels found that the T2 samples had better overall acceptability scores than the other beef jerky samples (p<0.05).

Effect of Korean Soup(Tang) upon Customers Royalty in the Food Service Industry in Korea (외식급식산업에 있어서 국(탕)이 고객 충성도에 미치는 영향)

  • 이영남;노성윤
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • 제13권5호
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    • pp.482-493
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    • 2003
  • This study has been designed to stress the thoughts that soups should be offered taking into account customer's preference aimed at leading to eventual customer's satisfaction and the importance that Korean traditional food should take the lead in shifting dining-out industry's paradigm to customer-orientation instead of product-orientation. From August 15 through August 30, 2003, the drawn-up questionnaires were handed out to 500 numbers of adults aged over 20 living in Seoul, metropolitan city of Korea and the finally collected 361 questionnaires from them have been analysed as a subject for this study. It showed that the male respondents(44%) dined out much more frequently than the female respondents(35%) and their rate of 5,000-7,000 Won for a meal was most preferred as their average expenditure at one sitting in the restaurant. When eating Korean food at home or in a restaurant, the majority(5l,3%) of them think the soups(Tang) should be served coupled with their ordered meals. Among soups using flesh and meat as a staple material, they most preferred beef & bone soup(33.2%), followed by beep rib soup(30.4%) and beef soup with seasoned red pepper(l0.8%), and among soups using fish & shell and crustacean as a staple material, most preferred were hot fish soup(20.6%), loach soup(l5.2%) and hot crab soup(11.4%). Among soups using beans as a staple material, they most preferred soybean paste stew(33.2%), uncurdled soybean curd stew(29.4%) and Dambuk stew(l5.8%). Among soups using fowls and birds as a staple material, chicken soup with ginseng(51.9%), plain chicken soup(l8.4%) and chicken soup with red pepper sauce(l2.3%) falls on the most preferred. Among soups using vegetables and seaweeds as a staple material, most preferred are sea mustard soup(25.3%), Kimchi soup(16.8%), soybean paste soup with Chinese cabbage(13.0%) and bean sprout soup(10.1%). The soups(Tang) most preferred in the morning time are those soups whose staple materials are vegetables and seaweeds, such as sea mustard soup, bean sprout soup, Kimchi soup and soybean paste soup with Chinese cabbage while the soups most preferred for the lunch time are beef & bone soup, beep rib soup, chicken soup with ginseng and beef soup with seasoned red pepper while beef soup with seasoned red pepper, beef & bone soup, soybean curd stew and Kimchi soup are most preferred soups for the dinner time. The survey showed that 41 % of the subject preferred chicken soup with ginseng for a food considered good by themselves for their health. The male respondents preferred Bosin-tang(soup of edible-dog meat) than the female counterparts did, while the female respondents preferred chicken soup with ginseng than the male counterparts did. The survey showed that when eating korean traditional food, 70% of the subject are visiting a restaurant where soups are cooked delicious while 61% of the subject think that price does not matter if only food tastes good, which is reflecting that taste of food is a decisive factor in selecting menu rather than its price is. In conclusion, you can say that taste of soup is the most important factor creating steady customer in the restaurant, taking it into account Korean people most prefer their traditional food when dining out.

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Isolation and Physiological Characteristics of Microorganisms Producing Extracellular Enzymes from Korean Traditional Soybean Sauce and Soybean Paste (전통 장류에서 세포외효소 분비능이 우수한 미생물의 분리 및 생리활성 특성)

  • Baek, Seong-Yeol;Yun, Hye-Ju;Choi, Hye-Sun;Koo, Bon-Sung;Yeo, Soo-Hwan
    • Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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    • 제38권4호
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    • pp.379-384
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    • 2010
  • We isolated microorganisms presenting high enzymatic activities for amylase, cellulase, protease, lipase or fibrinolysis from Korean traditional soybean sauce and paste. Then, the physiological properties and 16S rRNA sequences of isolated microorganisms were analyzed. All of the isolated 13 strains possessing high extra cellular enzyme activities have higher amylase and cellulase activities than Bacillus subtilis KACC 10114. All the selected strains have protease activities except for D2-14. Except D8-8 and K4-1, other strains have lipase activity. D2-7, D8-8 and K4-1 strains have higher fibrinolytic activities than others, while D8-2 strain has no activity. Most of the selected strains showed antibacterial activity even in gram positive and gram negative bacteria and yeast. Gene sequence analysis of 16S rRNA from isolated strains revealed that all the selected strains were member of Bacillus species.

Development of Traditional Doenjang Improved in Color (색상이 개선된 재래식 된장 개발)

  • Lee, Si-Kyung;Kim, Nam-Dae;Kim, Hyoun-Jin;Park, Jong-Sung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • 제34권3호
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    • pp.400-406
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    • 2002
  • In case of doenjang, solution of browning problem might be an important remedy in order to dissolve consumers' dissatisfaction, therefore this study was performed to develop traditional doenjang which has improved in color aspect for consumers' needs. Physicochemical compositions and color values of commercialized traditional doenjang which was processed by history references of our country, were analyzed. doenjang used as samples were processed with traditional meju, which were made with soybean and mixed with various rates after following process such as soaking, steaming, cooling, chopping and grinding. The doenjang processed were storaged at $30^{\circ}C$ for 27 days, and their amino-N, pH, color values and sensory evaluation were analyzed with fermentation period. Furthermore, nitrogen results analyzed were compared with that of commercialized traditional doenjang. In the comparison with control, treated with only traditional meju, and doenjang treatments processed with different mixing rates of traditional meju and steamed soybean, the content of amino-N in control were higher than the others, and the contents of amino-N decreased with increasing contents of steamed soybean. Their pH were changed weak alkalic region into weak acidic region with fermentation period. In the aspect of color, traditional doenjang having the rate of traditional meju and steamed soybean (1:4) was most improved and also, in comparison of result of sensory evaluation with commercial traditional doenjang, its color, taste and falvor were evaluated predominent, therefore it might be thought to have competition on the market.

Inhibitory effects of Doenjang, Korean traditional fermented soybean paste, on oxidative stress and inflammation in adipose tissue of mice fed a high-fat diet

  • Nam, Ye Rim;Won, Sae Bom;Chung, Young-Shin;Kwak, Chung Shil;Kwon, Young Hye
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제9권3호
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    • pp.235-241
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    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Doenjang, Korean traditional fermented soybean paste has been reported to have an anti-obesity effect. Because adipose tissue is considered a major source of inflammatory signals, we investigated the protective effects of Doenjang and steamed soybean on oxidative stress and inflammation in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat diet (LF), a high-fat diet (HF), or a high-fat containing Doenjang diet (DJ) or a high-fat containing steamed soybean diet (SS) for 11 weeks. RESULTS: Mice fed a DJ diet showed significantly lower body and adipose tissue weights than those in the HF group. Although no significant differences in adipocyte size and number were observed among the HF diet-fed groups, consumption of Doenjang alleviated the incidence of crown-like structures in adipose tissue. Consistently, we observed significantly reduced mRNA levels of oxidative stress markers (heme oxygenase-1 and $p40^{phox}$), pro-inflammatory adipokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1), macrophage markers (CD68 and CD11c), and a fibrosis marker (transforming growth factor beta 1) by Doenjang consumption. Gene expression of anti-inflammatory adipokine, adiponectin was significantly induced in the DJ group and the SS group compared to the HF group. The anti-oxidative stress and anti-inflammatory effects observed in mice fed an SS diet were not as effective as those in mice fed a DJ diet, suggesting that the bioactive compounds produced during fermentation and aging may be involved in the observed health-beneficial effects of Doenjang. CONCLUSIONS: Doenjang alleviated oxidative stress and restored the dysregulated expression of adipokine genes caused by excess adiposity. Therefore, Doenjang may ameliorate systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity via inhibition of inflammatory signals of adipose tissue.

Effect of Cooking and Processing on the Phytate Content and Protein Digestibility of Soybean (대두의 조리 가공에 따른 Phytate 함량 및 단백질 소화율)

  • Kim, Hee-Seung;Yoon, Jae-Young;Lee, Su-Rae
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • 제26권5호
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    • pp.603-608
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    • 1994
  • This study was undertaken to find out the effect of phytate on the protein digestibility of various soybean foods, including soy milk, bean curd, curd residue, cheongkukjang, soy sauce, and soy paste. The phytate content of soybean was 2.4%, which decreased to 0.2%, 0.7%, and 0.4% in soy milk, bean curd, and curd residue, respectively, and to 0.2% and 1.0% in soy sauce and soy paste, respectively. The phytate/protein ratio was not correlated with protein digestibility by pepsin whereas the ratio was highly correlated with pancreatin digestibility (p<0.01, r= -0.73). According to SDS-PAGE for the soluble protein fractions, soaked bean showed an alteration in soluble components and bean curd residue exihibited newer low molecular weight bands. Fermented soy products showed no protein band, likely due to degradation.

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Comparison of physiological responses soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merill] of different irrigation Periods

  • Kim, Eun Hye;Chung, Ill Min
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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    • 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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    • pp.195-195
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    • 2017
  • The water in the crop cultivation shows difference according to the variety of crop, cultivations period and climatic condition. The growth and development, quantity and fruit enlargements are affected by soil water conditions. In previous study, leaf area and photosynthesis are decreased by lower soil moisture. Other research reported that excess moisture condition at vegetative and reproductive growth period in cultivation of soybean caused highest reduction in crop growth rate (CGR) and dry weights of plant parts. In particular, the damage was bigger during vegetative growth stage than reproductive growth period. Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merill) is useful and popular crop throughout the world. It is very popular crop in Korea, China, Japan and other Asian countries. Soybeans used in various way including soybean sprouts, paste, soymilk, oil and tofu. Two soybean cultivars grown in four different irrigation conditions were determined for physiological responses. In this study, we examined leaf area (LA), leaf dry weight (LDW), specific leaf area (SLA), root dry weight (RDW) and shoot height (SH) in different water conditions. 50mL/9day irrigation periods showed the lowest contents in LA, LDW, RDW, SH. Water deficit caused increase of leaf Water saturation deficits (WSD), Cheongjakong 3 and Taekwangkong showed increase of leaf water saturation deficits (WSD) in drought conditions and leaf water potential and stomatal conductance were decreased. Photochemical efficiency was decreased in 50mL/1day irrigation condition while, there was decrease of growth and development in 50mL/9day with drought.

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Effect of Cultivar and Processing on the Hemagglutinin Activity of Soybean

  • Felipe, Penelope;Sok, Dai-Eun;Heo, Ok-Soon;Kim, Hyoung-Chin;Yoon, Won-Kee;Kim, Hwan-Mook;Kim, Mee-Ree
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • 제15권1호
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    • pp.91-95
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    • 2006
  • Effects of cultivars, cooking, and processing on hemagglutinin activity were evaluated by observing macroscopic hemagglutination using serial twofold dilution of trypsinized human blood type-O or rabbit blood. Hemagglutinin activity was expressed as maximal geometric dilution fold. Agglutination of rabbit blood was more sensitive compared to human blood. Hemagglutinin activities of glyphosate-tolerant soybean, HS2906, and imported conventional soybeans were not statistically different, although significant differences were observed among conventional soybean cultivars cultivated in Korea (286 to 1535 HU/mg protein). Time required to reach fifty percent inhibition of hemagglutinin activity ($IT_{50}$) value decreased with increasing cooking temperature and pressure. Most effective conventional cooking method to inhibit hemagglutinin activity was pressure-cooking ($IT_{50}$: 1.36 min). Calculated activation energy based on reaction rate constant was 4.88 kcal. No hemagglutinin activities were detected in processed soybean products such as tofu, soybean paste, and soysauce.