• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.175-186
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• 2004

The “Jeungbosallimgyeongje” was literature reviewed about the manufacture of Korean sauces. Furthermore, in order to investigate the changes made by time period, other literatures, “Eumsigdimibang(1670s)”, “Sallimgyeongje(1715)”, “Gyuhapchongseo(1815)” and “Choson­mussangyorijebeop(1930)”, were compared. The ingredients mentioned included soy beans, flour, barley, elm trees, red beans and blue beans, etc. In addition, the shapes and sizes of dried soybean paste brick were varied. “Manchojang”, which designated the kind of hot pepper paste, appeared in this book for the first time. During its manufacturing process, it was characteristic to add dried bean paste, sea kelp and fish to produce a novel and higher quality product. From the above mentioned books, we found out that Koreans used only the soybeans and Chinese a mixture of buckwheat, flour and barley in addition to soybeans to make their traditional sauces. According to the“ Gyuhapchongseo” , there was a slight difference in ingredients to add for the manufacture of fish sauce, but the manufacturing methods and the one year period needed for maturing the ingredients were the same.. However, in the “Chosonmussangsinsikyrijebop”, fish sauce and meat sauce were classified separately and their manufacturing methods were different as well. In conclusion, the ingredients of used for the sauces recorded in “Jeungbosallimgyeongje” were various and at first hot pepper sauce made from “Manchojang” appeared and additionally red peppers were added to five kinds of Korean paste and red pepper powder were added to two kinds of Korean paste. The manufacturing method of the sauces changed according to time period, for example, only soybean has been used in Korean traditional sauces and other ingredients used as for Chinese ones eventually disappeared.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.167-177
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• 1990

매쇄 정어리 육에 정어리 자가 소화액 및 정어리 코오지를 첨가하여 발효 숙성시키므로서 질소 함량이 높고 풍미가 양호한 숙성 정어리 제조조건을 검토하였다. 정어리 자가 소화액의 제조조건은 마쇄한 정어리육에 $80\%$ 가수한 후 $55^{\circ}C$에서 180 r.p.m.으로 교반하면서 6시간 자가소화 시키는 것이 적합하였다. 속성 정어리 액젓 제조를 위한 식염 농도 및 발효 온도는 각각 $15\%$ 및 $40^{\circ}C$가 적당하였으며 마쇄정어리 육에 자가 소화액 및 정어리 기질 코오지를 각각 $10\%$ 첨가하고 식염, 밀가루, 정어리 자가 소화액을 각각 $15\%$, $10\%$ 및 $150\%$ 비율이 되도록 혼합한 후 $40^{\circ}C$에서 15일간 발효시키므로서 향미가 양호하고 질소함량이 높은 속성 정어리 액젓을 제조할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.387-391
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• 1987

두류와 대두 제품중 가스 발생인자로 알려진 raffinose 와 stachyose의 함량을 2차 전개법과 guide-strip법을 이용한 얇은막 크로마토그래피에 의하여 정량하였다. 두류의 경우 raffinose함량은 국산대두 1.34%, 수입대두 1.17%, 강낭콩 0.65%, 붉은팥 0.49%, 녹두 0.49%이었고 stachyose 함량은 국산대두 4.1%, 수입대두 3.6%, 강낭콩 3.0%, 붉은팥 2.9%, 녹두 1.9%이었다. 대두제품의 경우 간장에서는 가스발생인자가 검출되지 않았으나 된장에서는 faffinose 함량은 46.6mg%이었고 stachyose 는 검출되지 않았다. 두부의 경우 raffinose는 26.7mg, stachyose 는 53.7mg%이었으며 두유의 경우 raffinose는 26.5mg%, stachyose는 41.7mg이었다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.336-344
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• 2001

This treatise deals mainly with the culinary cultures of garlics, a very important condiment in Korea and France. Classified specifically as a condiment in the category of spices, garlic(A. sativum L.) is typically used to season a wide variety of foods, to give the dishes to add a pungent and pleasant flavor, highly characteristic of the delicate seasoning styles of Korean and French cuisine. Garlic is also known to be used as an invigorant. used for medicinal and mystical purposes. In both Korea and France. garlic is used in fresh state, sliced, diced, or crushed. Some examples of traditional Korean dishes using garlic is Tongmaneul Jangachi(garlic in a whole bulb, seasoned in soy sauce), alcoholic liquor of garlic, and red pepper paste with garlic. French cuisine includes garlic in sauces such as Aillade, Vinairette a l'alil, Sauce Pailloti, and in a variety of salads and Cruton, mixed with the local vegetables of every province of the country.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.751-758
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• 1997

Fifty three microbes, mainly fungal genera, were isolated from sixteen Mejus of different region. From those collected isolates, Meju was manufactured and assayed for the activities of amylase and protease. Correlations between sensory evaluation and color measurement were investigated with Kanjang (soy sauce) prepared by each pure inoculation. Color of Kanjang was quite various depedning on fungal genera, but the taste was not quite related with the activity of amylase or protease. This fact might mean that taste of Kanjang depended on the complicate mechanistic action of enzyme for the substrate involved in the soybean hydrolysis. Thus, the taste of Kanjang origenated from Korean traditional Meju seems to belong to complex flora of participated fungal genera as well as Bacillus. sp.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to develop the standardized recipe and to analyze the nutrients of stir-fried whip-arm octopus as one of the kind of traditional local foods in Busan. The standardized recipe was developed by using cookbooks, home recipes, and the recipes by commercial food restaurants. The nutrient was analyzed by using an AOAC method. Sensory evaluations were made on nine sensory attributes by a 12-member panel. As the results, the whip-arm octopus was recorded as a food source for health, rejuvenation in Jasanobo. Since early 1900, the stir-fried method has been used for cooking with the ship-arm octopus. The main ingredients were whip-arm octopus, onion, large green onion as the local stir-fried whip-arm octopus in Busan. The ingredients of soup were shrimp, little neck clam, and water. Seasoning sauce was mixed with red pepper powder, soy sauce, sesame oil, chopped garlic, chopped onion, and sugar. The seasoning sauce was fermented for three days. The results of sensory scores were salty seasoning 3.66/5.00, taste 3.75/5.00, thickness 3.84/5.00, and smell 4.09. Nutrient retention per 100g of the stir-fried whip-arm octopus was 67.54kcal, protein 6.43g, fat 1.66g, Ca 28.06mg, Fe 2.56mg, cholesterol 68mg, and taurin 51mg. Fatty acid consists of various unsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic acid(46.24%) and oleic acid(33.67%).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.833-838
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• 2015

To develop a value-added product from individually quick-frozen oyster Crassostrea gigas extract (IQFOE), we prepared two types of oyster sauce (OS): bottled OS (BOS) and retort pouched OS (ROS). We investigated processing conditions, quality metrics and flavor compounds in each type of sauce. We found that the most appropriate base formular for both BOS and ROS consisted of 40.0% IQFOE (Brix $30^{\circ}$), 15.0% sugar, 6.0% salt, 4.0% monosodium glutamate, 4.0% soy sauce, 3.5% starch, 3.0% yeast extract, 3.5% wheat flour and 21.0% water. The crude protein, salinity and amino-nitrogen contents of the BOS and ROS were 8.2 and 8.3%, 9.3 and 9.2%, and 539.2 and 535.2 mg/100 g, respectively. In commercial oyster sauces (COS), these values were 4.7-6.5%, 9.7-12.0%, and 244.7-504.2 mg/100 g, respectively. The total free amino acids content of ROS was 7,346.9 mg/100 g, and the main free amino acids were glutamic acid, taurine, proline, glycine and alanine. The inosinic monophosphate (IMP) content of the ROS was 131.6 mg/100 g, and the primary inorganic ions were Na, K, S and P. The present BOS and ROS have favorable organoleptic qualities and storage stability compared with COS, and are suitable for commercialization as high-flavor seasoning sauces.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2011

This study was conducted to optimize processing of functional seasoning sauce for instant noodles (SSIN) using response surface methodology (RSM), and to compare the functional properties of commercial SSIN. Central composite designs were adopted in the SSIN processing for ingredient formula optimization. Concentrations of sea tangle ($X_1$), traditional soy sauce ($X_2$), yeast extract ($X_3$) and Ecklonia cava extract (ECE) ($X_4$) were chosen as independent variables. The dependent variables were glutamic acid content ($Y_1$), score of sensory evaluation ($Y_2$), and antioxidative activity ($Y_3$). We found the optimal conditions to be $X_1$=3.91%, $X_2$=20.57%, $X_3$=3.04% and $X_4$=3.78%. The predicted values of the multiple response optimal conditions were $Y_1$=124.0 mg/100 g, $Y_2$=7.6 and $Y_3$=1.95. The antioxidative activity (PF, PF=oil induction period with sauce/oil induction period with distilled water) and ACE inhibitory activity of ECE-added SSIN were 1.98 and 29.0%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of commercial SSIN (1.09 and 4.4%, respectively).

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.656-661
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• 2017

To develop a highly value-added product from extract from small and damaged sea mussels Mytilus edulis, we prepared two types of sea mussel sauce (MS): bottled (BMS) and retort pouched (RMS). We investigated the processing conditions, quality metrics and flavor compounds in each type of sauce. We found that the most appropriate base formulation for both BMS and RMS consisted of 40.0% SME (Brix $30^{\circ}$), 15.0% sugar, 6.0% salt, 4.0% monosodium glutamate, 4.0% soy sauce, 3.5% starch, 3.0% yeast extract, 3.5% wheat flour and 21.0% water. The crude protein, salinity, volatile basic nitrogen and amino-nitrogen content of the BMS and RMS were 8.7% and 8.8%, 9.3% and 9.2%, 24.9 and 31.4 mg/100 g, and 468.5 and 455.1 mg/100 g, respectively. For comparison, the ranges of these values in commercial oyster sauces (COS) are 4.7-7.5%, 10.7-12.0%, 8.2-12.5 mg/100 g, and 225.7-448.2 mg/100 g, respectively. The total free amino acid content of RMS and Premium COS was 7,215.7 and 6,160.7 mg/100 g, respectively, and the main free amino acids were glutamic acid, taurine, glycine, alanine, arginine, proline and lysine. These results demonstrate that BMS and RMS have favorable organoleptic qualities and good storage stability compared to COS, and are suitable for commercialization as high-flavor seasoning sauces.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.130-137
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• 1986

대두(大豆)대신에 어분(魚粉)을 이용(利用)하여 간장을 만들기 위하여 어분(魚粉)과 보리의 배합비(配合比)를 달리하여 코오지를 만들고 이것으로 간장을 담그어 효소역가(酵素力價) 및 화학성분(化學成分) 변화(變化)등을 분석(分析)하고 관능검사(官能檢査)를 하였다. 제국중(製麴中) 시간(時間)이 지남에 따라 수분함량(水分含量)은 전반적(全般的)으로 김서(減少)하였고, 환원당함량(還元糖含量)은 12시간(時間)까지 증가(增加) 하다가 그 후(後) 약간 감소(減少)하고 36시간(時間) 이후(以後)에는 별다른 변화가 없었다. 그리고 전질소(全窒素)의 함량(含量)은 모든 구(區)에서 계속 증가(增加)하였데 어분(魚粉)의 배합량(配合量)이 많을수록 함량(含量)이 높았다. 제국중(製麴中) 효소역가(酵素力價)의 변화(變化)는 amylase와 protease가 다같이 $36{\sim}48$시간(時間)까지 급격히 증가(增加)하였으나 그 이후(以後)에는 큰 변화(變化)가 없었는데 여러가지 시험구중(試驗區中) 어분(魚粉)과 보리의 배합비(配合比)가 10 : 16인 구(區)에서 후기(後期)의 효소역가(酵素力價)가 가장 높았다. 숙성중(熟成中) 환원당(還元糖)은 50일(日)경까지 증가(增加)하다가 그 이후(以後)에는 별 변화(變化)가 없었는데 amylase의 활성(活性)이 높은 구(區)에서 환원당(還元糖)의 함량(含量)도 높았다. 그리고 전질소(全窒素)와 아미노태(態) 질소(窒素)도 숙성중(熟成中) 계속 증가(增加)하였는데 protease의 활성(活性)이 큰 구(區)에서 이들의 함량(含量)이 다같이 높았고 총산(總酸)은 70일(日)경까지 증가(增加)하다가 이후(以後) 별 변화(變化)가 없었다. 숙성(熟成)된 간장을 가열(加熱)처리 했을 때 흡광도(吸光度)는 시간(時間)이 지남에 따라 직선적(直線的)으로 증가(增加)하였는데 그 증가율(增加率)은 보리의 배합비(配合比)가 큰 구(區) 일수록 비교적 높았다. 관능검사(官能檢査)에서 색(色)은 어분(魚粉)과 보리의 배합비(配合比)가 10 : 5인 구(區)가 가장 진하고 10 : 13, 10 : 16인 구(區) 순(順)으로 비교적 엷었으며 향기(香氣)는 10 : 10인 구(區)가 가장 우수하였고, 맛은 10 : 5인 구(區)가 가장 좋았으나 10 : 13, 10 : 16, 10 : 18 구(區)와 유의차(有意差)를 인정할 수 없었고 희석액의 경우는 10 : 16구(區)가 우수하였다. 이러한 결과(結果)로 보아 어분(魚粉)을 이용(利用)하여 비교적 질(質)이 좋은 간장을 만들 수 있었으며 코오지 제조시(製造時) 어분(魚粉)과 보리의 배합비(配合比)는 $10\;:\;13{\sim}16$이 적당(適當)하였다.