• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.184-188
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• 2005

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.11-25
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• 2019

Extraction of oil from Moringa oleifera seed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was investigated. Effects of three factors namely: sample mass, particle size and extraction time on the response, Moringa oleifera a volume extracted, were determined. The Box-Behnken design of RSM was employed which resulted in 15 experimental runs. Extraction was carried out in a 250 ml Soxhlet extractor with Hexane and Ethanol as solvent. The Moringa oleifera seed powder was packed inside a muslin cloth placed in a thimble of the Soxhlet extractor. The extraction was carried out at 60℃ using thermostatic heating mantle. The solvent in the extracted oil was evaporated and the resulting oil further dried to constant weight in the oven. This study demonstrates that Moringa oleifera oil can be extracted from its seed using ethanol and acetone as extraction solvent. The optimum process variables for both solvent (ethanol and acetone) was determined at sample weight of 40 g, particle size of 325 ㎛ and extraction time of 8 hours. It can be deduced that using acetone as solvent produces a higher yield of oil at the same optimum variable conditions compared to when ethanol was used.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.318-327
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• 2009

Accelerated weathering tests was executed to understand the physical characteristics of rocks in Dokdo. For the tests rock samples including trachytic andestes, andesite dyke and ash tuff were taken in place. Double soxhlet extractor and peristatic pump were used for accelerating the weathering processes. After the tests for 4 months, the variations of superficial structure, microscopic structure and strength of rock samples were observed.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.346-349
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.36-38
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• 2003

In this paper, the surface modificatioin of PDMS (polydimethyl-siloxane) which is a useful material of microfluidic devices is presented. PDMS-based devices can be fabricated by casting the polymer in a mold, but the porosity and the hydrophobicity of PDMS make difficult to use as bio-medical devices. To overcome these disadvantages, the PDMS surface is grafted with HEMA (2-Hydroxyethyle methacrylate) treatments and $O_2$ plasma process. The $O_2$ plasma process is performed for 20 sec after curing PDMS, and PDMS is put in the prepared HEMA without Monomethyle Ether Hydroquinone. Residual monomers and homopolymers of HEMA-treated PDMS surface are removed using soxhlet extractor. The PDMS surface modification using HEHA without Monomethyle Ether Hydroquinone is experimented, and compare to when additing $FeCl_2{\cdot}2H_2O$. A method with a soxhlet extractor compare to the existing rinse method. The hydrophilicity is confirmed by the measurement of a contact angle, and we observe whether the hydrophilicity is retained.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.141.2-141
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• 2003

고도불포화지방산 중 EPA(eicosapentaenoic acid)와 DHA(docosahexaenoic acid)는 여러 가지 생리활성 효과를 나타내는 것으로 알려져 있으며, 최근 관심이 주목되고 있다. 본 실험에서는 특히 DHA의 함량이 높은 해양미생물, 즉 조류(microalgae)인 Schizochytrium sp.에서 얻어진 DHA powder로부터 두 가지 방법으로 유지를 추출한 뒤 그 성질을 비교.분석하였다. 먼저, 8$0^{\circ}C$, soxhlet extractor로부터 6시간 동안 추출하고, 55$^{\circ}C$, shaking water bath로부터 같은 시간 동안 추출한 결과, 각각 25.5, 24.0%의 수율을 나타내었다. GC에 의한 지방산 조성 분석 결과, soxhlet extractor에서 추출한 경우, palmitic acid, DHA가 각각 30.98, 30.04 mol%로 주요 지방산인 것으로 나타났으며, shaking water bath에서 추출된 유지는 그 함량이 각각 31.44, 34.78 mol%를 나타내었다. 또한 pancreatic lipase에 의한 가수분해를 통해 sn-2 위치의 지방산 조성 분석 결과, DHA가 sn-2 위치에 주로 함유되어있는 것으로 조사되었다. 한편, HPLC-ELSD system을 이용하여 중성지방의 구성 성분을 분석 결과, 유지의 99%이상이 TAG(triacylglycerol) 형태로 이루어져 있었으며, 소량의 MAG(monoacylglycerol) 존재를 확인할 수 있었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.717-722
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• 2015

D-limonene included in citrus fruits is obtainable to extract essential oil as well as separate the oil ingredient. Soxhlet extraction, a type of SDE (Simultaneous steam Distillation and solvent Extraction), was used to extract limonene from tangerine peel. HPLC analysis was performed to quantify extracted d-limonene by using reversed-phase HPLC column. Results of HPLC analysis showed that the optimal extraction time was 2 hours in any solvent, and the extracted amounts of d-limonene in tangerine peel (per g tangerine peel) were 7.77 mg, 0.49 mg, and 0.28 mg in ethyl alcohol, n-hexane, and ether. Because yield was the highest in using ethyl alcohol as a solvent, polarity is stronger factor to effect on yield of extraction than boiling point.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.213-225
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• 2009

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of chemical weathering on the granite and orthogneiss in Wonju area based on accelerated artificial chemical weathering. The rock samples were scrutinized the variation of index properties and ion exchanges caused by artificial chemical weathering which was implemented with leaching test for 170 days using double soxhlet extractor. The differential weathering and decrease of p wave velocity were obtained by weathering process without significant changes of porosity. In case of granite samples, the uniaxial compression strength was reduced by 20% and 16% for the F-grade and SW-grade, respectively. For MW-grade granite, however, was not able to examine the effect of strength reduction due to lack of sample number. Also, for orthogneiss, it is difficult to compare the values of uniaxial compressive strength between before and after the test because of its strong anisotropy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Environmental Toocicology Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.153-153
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• 2002

수돗물의 염소소독 과정에서 부식질의 초기 분해생성물인 MX(Mutagen X)는 수돗물의 전체 돌연변이유발성의 최고 60%까지 차지하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나 존재하는 농도는 수 ng/L로 정량분석을 위해서는 resin을 사용하여 10 ~ 20L의 물을 농축하여야 한다. 이 연구에서 MX의 농축에 사용된 resin은 XAD-4와 XAD-7HP의 1:1 mixture이었으며, 사용 전에 Soxhlet extractor를 사용하여 ethyl acetate와 methanol로 각각 12시간씩 세척하였다. 15L의 물 시료는 37%의 염산으로 pH 2에 맞춘 후 직경 2cm의 유리관에 15cm의 높이로 채워진 resin을 40mL/min의 유속으로 통과시켰다. 유리관에 잔류하는 물은 질소가스로 대부분 불어 제거한 후 ethyl acetate 200mL를 가해 1mL/min의 유속으로 흘려주어 MX를 용출시킨 후 회전증발기로 5mL의 부피까지 농축시키고 10% H$_2$SO$_4$ in MeOH 0.1mL를 가하여 6$0^{\circ}C$에서 methyl ester화하였다. 과포화된 $Na_2$SO$_4$ 수용액 0.3ml를 가한 후 MTBE 0.3mL로 추출하고 GC/ECD로 분석하였다. MX의 회수율은 60% 이상이었으며 일부수돗물 시료에 대해 분석하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.257-266
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• 2008

PAHs are of mainly anthropogenic origin from urban runoff, oil spill and combustion of fossil fuels. Some PAHs are potentially carcinogenic and mutagenic to aquatic organisms. This study was carried out to survey the contamination of PAHs in the column sediments around Gwangyang bay. Yeosu petrochemical industrial complex, POSCO(Pohang steel compony) and Gwangyang container harbor are located near the bay. The column sediments were collected at 4 stations(A, B, C and D) and fractionated at intervals of two-centimeter depth on July 29, 1999. PAHs in colmn sediment samples were extracted in soxhlet extractor and were identified and quantified by GC-MS. PAHs compounds were analyzed and found to be 13 species. Total PAHs concentrations in the column sediments ranged from 275.04 to 2,838.64${\mu}g/kg$ dry wt. Naphthalene had the highest concentration in the range of 40.60 to 2,294.06${\mu}g/kg$ dry wt. and Anthracene had the lowest concentration in the range of 2.63 to 11.30${\mu}g/kg$ dry wt. The correlation coefficients between individual PAHs and total PAHs in the column sediments were relatively higher in the low molecular compounds such as Naphthalene, Acenaphthylene and Phenanthrene. The relationship between the P/A(Phenanthrene/Anthracene)ratio and F/P(Fluoranthene/Pyrene)ratio showed that P/A ratio was generally above 10 and F/P ratio was above 1 in all sediment samples. These data indicate that PAHs in the column sediments around Gwangyang bay seem to be of both pyrolytic and petrogenic origin The values of PAHs in the column sediments were lower than the biological effect guidelines.