• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.153-161
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• 2018

This paper describes the performance improvement of Software (SW) digital filter using GPU (Graphical Processing Unit). The previous developed SW digital filter has a problem that it operates on a CPU (Central Processing Unit) basis and has a slow speed. The GPU was introduced to filter the data of the EAVN (East Asian VLBI Network) observation to improve the operation speed and to process data with other stations through filtering, respectively. In order to enhance the computational speed of the SW digital filter, NVIDIA Titan V GPU board with built-in Tensor Core is used. The processing speed of about 0.78 (1Gbps, 16MHz BW, 16-IF) and 1.1 (2Gbps, 32MHz BW, 16-IF) times for the observing time was achieved by filtering the 95 second observation data of 2 Gbps (512 MHz BW, 1-IF), respectively. In addition, 2Gbps data is digitally filtered for the 1 and 2Gbps simultaneously observed with KVN (Korean VLBI Network), and compared with the 1Gbps, we obtained similar values such as cross power spectrum, phase, and SNR (Signal to Noise Ratio). As a result, the effectiveness of developed SW digital filter using GPU in this research was confirmed for utilizing the data processing and analysis. In the future, it is expected that the observation data will be able to be filtered in real time when the distributed processing optimization of source code for using multiple GPU boards.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.493-498
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• 2019

This study deals with the analysis of the technology association rules between CPC codes of the Internet of Things(IoT) patent, the core of the Fourth Industrial Revolution ICT-based technology. The association rules between CPC codes were extracted using R, an open source for data mining. To this end, we analyzed 369 of the 605 patents related to the Internet of Things filed with the Patent Office until July 2019, with a complex CPC code, up to the subclass-level. As a result of the technology association rules, CPC codes with high support were [H04W ${\rightarrow}$ H04L](18.2%), [H04L ${\rightarrow}$ H04W](18.2%), [G06Q ${\rightarrow}$ H04L](17.3%), [H04L ${\rightarrow}$ G06Q](17.3%), [H04W ${\rightarrow}$ G06Q](9.8%), [G06Q ${\rightarrow}$ H04W](9.8%), [G06F ${\rightarrow}$ H04L](7.9%), [H04L ${\rightarrow}$ G06F](7.9%), [G06F ${\rightarrow}$ G06Q](6.2%), [G06Q ${\rightarrow}$ G06F](6.2%). After analyzing the technology interconnection network, the core CPC codes related to technology association rules are G06Q and H04L. The results of this study can be used to predict future patent trends.

• Health Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the quality of basic life support (BLS) information for primary Korean-speaking individuals on the internet. Methods: Using the $Google^{(C)}$ search engine, we searched for the terms 'CPR', 'cardiopulmonary resuscitation (in Korean)' and 'cardiac arrest (in Korean)'. The accuracy, reliability and accessibility of web pages was evaluated based on the 2015 American heart association(AHA) guidelines for CPR & emergency cardiovascular care, the health on the net foundation code of conduct and Korean web content accessibility guidelines 2.1, respectively. Results: Of the 178 web pages screened, 50 met criteria for inclusion. The overall quality of BLS information was not enough (median 5/7, IQR 4.75-6). 23(36%) pages were created in accordance with 2010 AHA guidelines. Only 24(48%) web pages educated on how to use the automated electrical defibrillator. The attribution and transparency of the reliability of pages was relatively low, 20(40%) and 16(32%). The web accessibility score was relatively high. Conclusion: A small of proportion of internet web pages searched by Google have high quality BLS information for a Korean-speaking population. Web pages based on past guideline were still being searched. The notation of the source of CPR information and the transparency of the author should be improved. The verification and evaluation of the quality of BLS information exposed to the Internet are continuously needed.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.54 no.5
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• pp.703-713
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• 2021

Mackerel Scomber japonicus is an excellent source of vitamins (A, D and B₁₂), omega-3 fatty acids, dietary protein and minerals. This study was conducted to prepare mackerel-based processed seafood products such as grilled product with super-heated (GM), tang (TM) and salad with sweet potato (SSM) using mackerel as senior-friendly seafoods and to examine their quality characteristics. The hardness of GM, TM and SSM were 240.3×1.0³, 21.7×1.0³ and 7.4×1.0³ N/m², respectively. The viscosity of SSM was 25,450 m·Pas. The nutritional content of mackerel-processed products was within the senior-friendly standard specifications for protein, vitamin C, vitamin B₂ (riboflavin) and vitamin B₃ (niacin) ing GM, protein, vitamin B₃ and calcium for TM, and protein, vitamin D, vitamin B₂ and vitamin B₃ in SSM. All the mackerel-processed products were safe as senior-friendly seafoods, since digestibility rates were 81.5% for GM, 87.9% for TM and 93.5% for SSM. The physical, nutritional and the sanitation results indicated that senior-friendly seafoods classified of the mackerel-processed products was step 1 for GM, step 2 for TM and step 3 for SSM according to the Korean Food Code and Korean Indusrty Standards.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.91-104
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• 2021

This study explored users' emotional states identified from the wake-up words -"Hi, KIA!"- using a machine learning algorithm considering the user interface of passenger cars' voice. We targeted four emotional states, namely, excited, angry, desperate, and neutral, and created a total of 12 emotional scenarios in the context of car driving. Nine college students participated and recorded sentences as guided in the visualized scenario. The wake-up words were extracted from whole sentences, resulting in two data sets. We used the soundgen package and svmRadial method of caret package in open source-based R code to collect acoustic features of the recorded voices and performed machine learning-based analysis to determine the predictability of the modeled algorithm. We compared the accuracy of wake-up words (60.19%: 22%~81%) with that of whole sentences (41.51%) for all nine participants in relation to the four emotional categories. Accuracy and sensitivity performance of individual differences were noticeable, while the selected features were relatively constant. This study provides empirical evidence regarding the potential application of the wake-up words in the practice of emotion-driven user experience in communication between users and the artificial intelligence system.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.359-365
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• 2021

A heavy particle accelerator is a device that accelerates particles using high energy and is used in various fields such as medical and industrial fields as well as research. However, secondary neutrons and particle fragments are generated by the high-energy particle beam, and among them, the neutrons do not have an electric charge and directly interact with the nucleus to cause radiation of the material. Quantitative evaluation of the radioactive material produced in this way is necessary, but there are many difficulties in actual measurement during or after operation. Therefore, this study compared and evaluated the generated radioactive material in the concrete shield for protons and carbon ions of specific energy by using the simulation code FLUKA. For the evaluation of each energy of proton beam and carbon ion, the reliability of the source term was secured within 2% of the relative error with the data of the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory(NSRL), which is an internationally standardized data. In the evaluation, carbon ions exhibited higher neutron flux than protons. Afterwards, in the evaluation of radioactive materials under actual operating conditions for disposal, a large amount of short-lived beta-decay nuclides occurred immediately after the operation was terminated, and in the case of protons with a high beam speed, more radioactive products were generated than carbon ions. At this time, radionuclides of ⁴⁴Sc, ³H and ²²Na were observed at a high rate. In addition, as the cooling time elapsed, the ratio of long-lived nuclides increased. For nonparticulate radionuclides, ³H, ²²Na, and for particulate radionuclides, ⁴⁴Ti, ⁵⁵Fe, ⁶⁰Co, ¹⁵²Eu, and ¹⁵⁴Eu nuclides showed a high ratio. In this study, it is judged that it is possible to use the particle accelerator as basic data for facility maintenance, repair and dismantling through the prediction of radioactive materials in concrete according to the cooling time after operation and termination of operation.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.13-21
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• 2020

The Android author identification study can be interpreted as a method for revealing the source in a narrow range, but if viewed in a wide range, it can be interpreted as a study to gain insight to identify similar works through known works. The problem found in the Android author identification study is that it is an important code on the Android system, but it is difficult to find the important feature of the author due to the meaningless codes. Due to this, legitimate codes or behaviors were also incorrectly defined as malicious codes. To solve this, we introduced the concept of survival network to solve the problem by removing the features found in various Android apps and surviving unique features defined by authors. We conducted an experiment comparing the proposed framework with a previous study. From the results of experiments on 440 authors' identified apps, we obtained a classification accuracy of up to 92.10%, and showed a difference of up to 3.47% from the previous study. It used a small amount of learning data, but because it used unique features without duplicate features for each author, it was considered that there was a difference from previous studies. In addition, even in comparative experiments with previous studies according to the feature definition method, the same accuracy can be shown with a small number of features, and this can be seen that continuously overlapping meaningless features can be managed through the concept of a survival network.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.345-353
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• 2009

The new anti-impotency analogue was identified in food source. Detection of this analogue was accomplished through screening of food samples by liquid chromatography/photodiode array detector. The spectrum pattern of analogue compound was similar to that observed for hongdenafil which was analogue of sildenafil. This new compound was isolated and purified using the liquid-liquid extraction, thin layer chromatography, column chromatography and preparative HPLC. And then those structure were identified using analytical instruments such as HPLC/PDA, LC/MS/MS and NMR. The compound was given a name to oxohongdenafil which was replaced with acetyl oxoethylpiperazinyl residue instead of sulfonyl piperazine group of sildenafil. The regulation for the abovementioned analogue, oxohongdenafil, was established by Standard of Korean food code.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.29 no.5B
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• pp.473-482
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• 2009

This study numerically discusses wave forces acting on a vertical wall such as breakwaters or revetments, subjected to incident undular or turbulent bores. Due to the complex hydrodynamics of bore, its wave forces have been predicted, mainly through laboratory experiments. Numerical simulations in this paper were carried out by CADMAS-SURF(CDIT, 2001), which is based on Navier-Stokes momentum equations and VOF method (Hirt and Nichols, 1981) for tracking free water surface. Its original source code was also partly revised to generate bore in the numerical water channel. Numerical raw data computed by CADMAS-SURF included great strong spike phenomena that show the abrupt jumps of wave loads. To resolve this undesired noise of raw data, the band-pass filter with the frequency of 5Hz was utilized. The filtered results showed reasonable agreements with the experimental results performed by Matsutomi (1991) and Ramsden (1996). It was confirmed that CADMASSURF can be applied to the design of coastal structures against tsunami bores. In addition, the transformation process and propagation speed of bores in the same 2-d water channel were discussed by the variations of water level for time and space. The numerical results indicated that the propagation speed of bore was changed due to the nonlinear interactions between negative and reflected waves.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.197-203
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• 2023

Background: The thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) and Monte Carlo (MC) dosimetry are carried out to determine the occupational dose for personnel in the handling of ¹²⁵I seed sources. Materials and Methods: TLDs were placed in different layers of the Alderson-Rando phantom in the thyroid, lung and also eyes and skin surface. An ¹²⁵I seed source was prepared and its activity was measured using a dose calibrator and was placed at two distances of 20 and 50 cm from the Alderson-Rando phantom. In addition, the Monte Carlo N-Particle Extended (MCNPX 2.6.0) code and a computational phantom with a lattice-based geometry were used for organ dose calculations. Results and Discussion: The comparison of TLD and MC results in the thyroid and lung is consistent. Although the relative difference of MC dosimetry to TLD for the eyes was between 4% and 13% and for the skin between 19% and 23%, because of the existence of a higher uncertainty regarding TLD positioning in the eye and skin, these inaccuracies can also be acceptable. The isodose distribution was calculated in the cross-section of the head phantom when the ¹²⁵I seed was at two distances of 20 and 50 cm and it showed that the greatest dose reduction was observed for the eyes, skin, thyroid, and lungs, respectively. The results of MC dosimetry indicated that for near the head positions (distance of 20 cm) the absorbed dose rates for the eye lens, eye and skin were 78.1±2.3, 59.0±1.8, and 10.7±0.7 µGy/mCi/hr, respectively. Furthermore, we found that a 30 cm displacement for the ¹²⁵I seed reduced the eye and skin doses by at least 3- and 2-fold, respectively. Conclusion: Using a computational phantom to monitor the dose to the sensitive organs (eye and skin) for personnel involved in the handling of ¹²⁵I seed sources can be an accurate and inexpensive method.