• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.137-142
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• 2004

In this study, chemical solution mixing and hydrogen reduction method was used to fabricate nanostructured $Fe_xCo_{1-x}$ alloy powders. Fe-Co chloride mixture, FeCl$_2$ and COCI$_2$ with 99.9％ purity, were reduced in hydrogen atmosphere. Nanostructured Fe-Co alloy powders with a grain size of 50 nm were successfully fabricated. Magnetic properties of fabricated $Fe_xCo_{1-x}$(x=0, 10, 30, 50, 70, 100) alloy powders with the same grain size were measured because size factor can affect magnetic properties. Coercivity of Fe-Co alloy powders were increased with increasing Co contents. Maximum value of coercivity in various Co contented Fe-Co alloy powders with similar grain size was 125 Oe at Fe$_{100}$. Saturation magnetization value at Fe$_{70}$Co$_{30}$ composition showed maximum value of 219 emu/g and saturation magnetization value decreased with increasing Co contents and minimum value of 155 emu/g was observed at Co$_{100}$.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.242-246
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• 2005

Silver nanoparticles were synthesized by liquid phase reduction method from aqueous silver nitrate solution and borohybride as a reduction agent. The morphology, particle size and shape were influenced by the reaction conditions such as the concentration of $AgNO_3$, a reduction agent and addition of surfactant. The particle size decreased with decreasing the concentration of silver nitrate and using a borohydride. The obtained Ag particles showed the spherical shape with the range of 10-20 nm.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-16
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• 2007

CuO is an important transition metal oxide with many practical applications such as catalysts, p-type semiconductor, solar cells, magnetic storage media and cathode materials. In this contribution, nanocrystalline CuO powders were prepared by solution reduction method using copper chloride ($CuCl_{2}{\cdot}2H_{2}O$), hydrazine ($N_{2}H_{4}$) and NaOH and subsequent heat treatment. The gas sensor using nanocrystalline CuO powders showed high sensitivities to acetone and ethanol.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers B
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2006

This paper deals with the optimum design solution on reduction of torque ripple for a Synchronous Reluctance Motor with concentrated winding using response surface methodology. The coupled Finite Elements Analysis (FEA) & Preisach model have been used to evaluate the nonlinear solution. Comparisons are given with characteristics of a SynRM according to the stator winding, slot number, open width of slot, slot depth, teeth width variation in concentrated winding SynRM, respectively. This paper presents an optimization procedure using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to determine design parameters for reducing torque ripple. RSM has been achieved to use the experimental design method in combination with finite Element Method (FEM) and well adapted to make analytical model for a complex problem considering a lot of interaction of design variables. Moreover, Sequential Quadratic Problem (SQP) method is used to solve the resulting of constrained nonlinear optimization problem.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.297-301
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• 2005

Nanocrystalline SnO and $SnO_{2}$ powder have been prepared by hydrazine method. Sn-Hydrazine complex was formed by the reduction between aqueous $SnCl_{2}$ solution and hydrazine monohydrate. $SnO_{2}$ nano powder was prepared by the decomposition of Sn-Hydrazine complex at $450^{\circ}C$. When NaOH was added to Sn-hydrazine complex, SnO powder with nano-sheet morphology could be prepared. This can be attributed to the role of $OH^{-}$ ion as a reducing agent.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.699-713
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• 2022

This paper proposes a hybrid successive over-relaxation iterative method for the numerical solution of a nonlinear diffusion in a one-dimensional porous medium. The considered mathematical model is discretized using a computational complexity reduction scheme called half-sweep finite differences. The local truncation error and the analysis of the stability of the scheme are discussed. The proposed iterative method, which uses explicit group technique and modified successive over-relaxation, is formulated systematically. This method improves the efficiency of obtaining the solution in terms of total iterations and program elapsed time. The accuracy of the proposed method, which is measured using the magnitude of absolute errors, is promising. Numerical convergence tests of the proposed method are also provided. Some numerical experiments are delivered using initial-boundary value problems to show the superiority of the proposed method against some existing numerical methods.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.144-147
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• 2000

A numerical method for the solution of one-dimensional inverse heat conduction problem is established and its performance is demonstrated with computational results. The present work introduces the maximum entropy method in order to build a robust formulation of the inverse problem. The maximum entropy method finds the solution that maximizes the entropy functional under given temperature measurement. The philosophy of the method is to seek the most likely inverse solution. The maximum entropy method converts the inverse problem to a non-linear constrained optimization problem of which constraint is the statistical consistency between the measured temperature and the estimated temperature. The successive quadratic programming facilitates the maximum entropy estimation. The gradient required fur the optimization procedure is provided by solving the adjoint problem. The characteristic feature of the maximum entropy method is discussed with the illustrated results. The presented results show considerable resolution enhancement and bias reduction in comparison with the conventional methods.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new sampling and analytical method for the determination of airborne hexavalent chromium, Cr(Ⅵ), in a field plating operation. The procedures of this new method (Shin & Paik's Method) are as the following: Airborne hexavalent chromium is collected on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filter according to the National Institute iota Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Method 7600, and the filler sample is placed in a screw-capped vial and soaked with 2% NaOH/3% Na₂CO₃ solution immediately after sampling. The Cr(Ⅵ) sample is analyzed by ion chromatography/visible spectrophotometry (IC/VS) according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 218.6. The airborne Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations measured by this method were compared with those determined by three reference methods: One (NIOSH/EPA Method) consisted of sampling airborne Cr(Ⅵ) on PVC filters and storing the sample filters in strew-capped vials according to the NIOSH method, and analyzing Cr(Ⅵ) in samples using IC/VS according to the EPA method. The second method (Impinger Method/NaHCO₃) consisted of absorbing airborne Cr(Ⅵ) into 0.02 M NaHCO₃ solution in midget impinger, and analyzing the Cr(Ⅵ) in samples using IC/VS. The third method was the OSHA Method ID-215. Using these four different methods, lour replicates of air samples were collected at an electroplating process and analyzed simultaneously. Two-way ANOVA and paired t-test were used to test difference among values determined by the methods. There was no significant difference and a strong correlation (r²:0.99) between Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations measured by the Shin & Paik's Method and an impinger method (p>0.05). However, Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations determined by Shin & Paik's Method were significant1y different from those by the NIOSH/EPA Method (p<0.05) or the OSHA method (p<0.05). The Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations of Shin & Paik's Method were significantly higher than those of the NIOSH/EPA Method or the OSHA method. This result indicated that the Shin & Paik's Method may prevent Cr(Ⅵ) losses caused by reduction and give more reliable results of airborne Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations in work environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.28-35
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• 2006

Substructure coupling or component mode synthesis may be employed in the solution of dynamic problems for large, flexible structures. The model is partitioned into several subdomains, and a generalized Craig-Bampton representation is derived. In this paper the mode sets (normal modes, constraint modes) is employed for model reduction. A generalized model reduction procedure is described. Vaious reduction methods that use constraint modes is described in detail. As examples, a flexible structure and a 10 DOF damped system are analyzed. Comparison with a conventional reduction method based on a complete model is made via eigenpair and dynamic responses.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-58
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• 2014

A numerical simultaneous solution involving a linear elastic model was applied to study the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) of membrane structures under wind actions, i.e., formulating the fluid-structure system with a single equation system and solving it simultaneously. The linear elastic model was applied to managing the data transfer at the fluid and structure interface. The monolithic equation of the FSI system was formulated by means of variational forms of equations for the fluid, structure and linear elastic model, and was solved by the Newton-Raphson method. Computation procedures of the proposed simultaneous solution are presented. It was applied to computation of flow around an elastic cylinder and a typical FSI problem to verify the validity and accuracy of the method. Then fluid-structure interaction analyses of a saddle membrane structure under wind actions for three typical cases were performed with the method. Wind pressure, wind-induced responses, displacement power spectra, aerodynamic damping and added mass of the membrane structure were computed and analyzed.