• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2005

본 연구는 동, 식물성 단백질 식이에 고콜레스테롤을 공급한 식이와 열수 추출한 녹차급여가 지질대사와 항산화계에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 한국 사람들이 보통 전통차로 음용하는 조건인 $0.5\%$ 녹차열수 추출물을 동물성 단백질인 카제인,식품성 단백질인 대두 단백질과 고콜레스테롤을 체중이 약 180g이 되는 Sprague-Dawley종 수 컷 흰쥐에 공급하여 지방대사와 항산화계에 미치는 영향을 보고자하였다. 4주간 실험식이로 사육한 후 혈청지질성분과, 간의 지질성분, 간의 항산화 효소 활성과 과산화물인 TBARS의 양을 측정하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 체중증가량과 FER은 전반적으로 대두단백질 군보다 카제인 군이 높았고 카제인 군에서는 녹차열수추출물을 공급하였을 때 체중증가량과 FER이 유의적으로 감소하였다(P < 0.05). 식이섭취량은 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다. 2. 혈청 중의 총콜레스테롤, LDL-콜레스테롤 농도는 전반적으로 대두단백질 군보다 카제인 군이 높았으나 카제인군의 LDL-콜레스테롤 농도만이 녹차열수추출물을 공급하엿을 때 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(P < 0.05). 3. 간의 중성지방 함량은 전반적으로 대두단백질 군보다 카제인 군이 높았으나 녹차열수추출물을 공급했을 때 대두단백질 군에서만 중성지방 함량이 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(P < 0.05). 4. 간의 항산화효소의 활성은 모든 군에서 유의한 차이가 없었으나 TBARS 함량은 녹차열수추출물을 공급했을 때 카제인 군에서만 유의하게 낮게 나타났다(P < 0.05). 이결과로 보면 식물성 단백질군 보다는 동물성 단백질군에 녹차 열수 추출물을 공급하였을 때 사료효율, 체중감소, 혈청 LDL-콜레스테롤과 간의 TBARS(thiovarbituric acid reactivesubstance) 생성을 낮추는 효과를 보여주었다. 간의 중성지방의 경우는 대두단백질 군에서만 녹차열수추물 공급에 따라 낮아지는 효과가 있었다(P < 0.05). 그러므로 녹차 열수 추출물이 지방대사와 항산화계에 미치는 영향은 식물성단백질 보다는 동물성 단백질이 공급된 식이에 건강에 바람직한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.14-22
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• 1980

흰참깨에 20.5%, 검정참깨에 19.20%, 참박(粕)깨에 44.7%의 조단백질이 함유되어 있다. n-hexane을 용매로하여 지방을 추출한 것이 수율이 가장 높았다. 조단백질의 분리에 있어서 pH가 알칼리성으로 갈수록 수율이 좋았다. 참깨의 globulin은 70.9%이었고 prolamin는 1.6%였다. 전(全)참깨의 아미노산으로는 glutamic acid가 17.1%로 가장 많았고 globulin의 아미노산으로는 glutamic-acid 14.6%이었고 필수 아미노산도 다량 고루 함유되어 있었다. 흰참깨와 검정참깨의 albumin 및 globulin의 단백질은 Disc gel 전기영동상에서 각각 $12{\sim}13$개 그리고 2개의 band로 나타났다. 참깨박(粕) 단백질의 주단백질인 globulin의 Sephadex G-100 및 G-200 column 분리하고 이를 disc gel 전기영동으로 검색하였다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.364-370
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• 2008

Chemical analysis and in vitro studies were conducted to investigate the nutritive value for ruminants of cell mass from lysine production (CMLP) which is a by-product of the lysine manufacturing process. Proximate analysis, protein fractionation, and in vitro protein degradation using protease from Streptomyces griseus and strained ruminal fluid were carried out to estimate ruminal protein degradability of CMLP with two reference feedstuffs-soybean meal (SBM) and fish meal (FM). Amino acid composition and pepsin-HCl degradability were also determined to evaluate postruminal availability. CMLP contained 67.8% crude protein with a major portion being soluble form (45.4% CP) which was composed of mainly ammonium nitrogen (81.8% soluble CP). The amount of nucleic acids was low (1.15% DM). The total amount of amino acids contained in CMLP was 40.60% DM, which was lower than SBM (47.69% DM) or FM (54.08% DM). CMLP was composed of mainly fraction A and fraction B2, while the protein fraction in SBM was mostly B2 and FM contained high proportions of B2 and B3 fractions. The proportion of B3 fraction, slowly degradable protein, in CP was the highest in fish meal (23.34%), followed by CMLP (7.68%) and SBM (1.46%). CMLP was degraded up to 51.40% at 18 h of incubation with Streptomyces protease, which was low compared to FM (55.23%) and SBM (83.01%). This may be due to the insoluble portion of CMLP protein being hardly degradable by the protease. The in vitro fermentation by strained ruminal fluid showed that the amount of soluble fraction was larger in CMLP (40.6%) than in SBM (17.8%). However, because the degradation rate constant of the potentially degradable fraction of CMLP (2.0%/h) was lower than that of SBM (5.8%/h), the effective ruminal protein degradability of CMLP (46.95%) was slightly lower than SBM (53.77%). Unavailable fraction in the rumen was higher in CMLP (34.0%) compared to SBM (8.8%). In vitro CP degradability of CMLP by pepsin was 80.37%, which was lower than SBM (94.42%) and FM (89.04%). The evaluation of protein degradability using different approaches indicated that soluble protein in CMLP may supply a large amount of ammonia in the rumen while insoluble protein can be by-passed from microbial attacks due to its low degradability. The results from this study suggest that CMLP can be used as a protein supplement to ruminants for supplying both non-protein nitrogen to rumen microbes and rumen undegradable protein to the host animal.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.38-42
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• 1991

가용성 단백질의 함량은 녹숙기와 완숙기에는 각각 1.5, 2.0mg/100g-fr. wt.이었고 연시에서는 58.9mg/100g-fr. wt.으로 급격히 증가하였으며, 세포벽 단백질의 함량은 성숙중에 증가하였으나 연시에서는 감소하였다. 겔여과에 의한 염가용성 단백질의 chromatogram은 성숙중에는 유사하였으나, 연시에서는 현저한 차이가 있었다. 감과실은 2종의 단백질로 구성되어 있으며 연화시에 유리되었다.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2004년도 정기총회 및 제33차 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.198-201
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• 2004

To investigate hydrostatic pressure (HP) effect on myofibrillar protein (Mf) extracted from bovine Semitendinosus muscle, Ca- and Mg-ATPase activities to evaluate denaturation of myosin and actin, and soluble protein contents were observed. In Mf treated with 100 MPa for 5 min was not observed denaturation of myosin and actin. In Mf treated with 200 MPa for 5 min, denaturation of myosin and actin were observed but inactivation rate was low (0.0136 $min^{-1}$). Inactivation rate of myosin and actin was dramatically increased above 300 MPa treatment. However denaturation of myosin and actin was not that critical with duration time. By increasing pressure size, the amount of myosin and actin in soluble protein eluted in 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) containing 0.6 M NaCl were decreased. SDS-PAGE of soluble protein released from Mf suspension in 0.1 M NaCl buffer (pH 7.0) showed that low molecular weight proteins (15${\sim}$36 KDa) were released by HP treatment above 200 MPa. From the results, denaturation of myosin and actin, and release of light molecule proteins of Mf were observed by HP treatment over 200 MPa.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.474-481
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• 1996

Since the commercially available rabbit anti-cyclin D3, generated from c-terminal 16 amino acid residues which are common to human and murine cyclin D3, is highly cross-reactive with many other cellular proteins of mouse, a new rabbit polyclonal anti-cyclin D3 has been raised by using murine cyclin D3 protein expressed at a high level in Escherichia coli as the immunogen. To express murine cyclin D3 protein in E. coli, the cyclin D3 cDNA fragment encoding c-terminal 236 amino acid residues obtained by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was inserted into the NcoI/BamHI site of protein expression vector, pET 3d. Molecular mass of the cyclin D3 overexpressed in the presence of IPTG (Isopropyl $\beta$-D-thiogalactopyranoside) was approximately 26 kDa as calculated from the reading frame on the DNA sequence, and the protein was insoluble and mainly localized in the inclusion bodies that could be easily purified from the other cellular soluble proteins. When renaturation was performed following denaturation of the insoluble cyclin D3 protein in the inclusion bodies using guanidine hydrochloride, 4.4 mg of soluble form of cyclin D3 protein was produced from the transformant cultured in 100ml of LB media under the optimum conditions. Four-hundred micrograms of the soluble form of cyclin D3 protein was used for each immunization of a rabbit. When the antiserum obtained 2 weeks after tertiary immunization was applied to Western blot analysis, it was able to detect 33 kDa cyclin D3 protein in both murine lymphoma cell line BW5147.G.1.4 and human Jurkat T cells at 3,000-fold dilution with higher specificity to murine cyclin D3, demonstrating that the new rabbit polyclonal anti-murine cyclin D3 generated against c-terminal 236 amino acid residues more specifically recognizes murine cyclin D3 protein than does the commercially available rabbit polyclonal antibody raised against c-terminal 16 amino acids residues.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제16권1_2호
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• pp.30-38
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• 1973

To study the response to plant growth by the environmental factors, the effects of application of nitrogen on changes in the yield, crude protein, amino acids, chlorophyll, carotene, total phosphorus, acid-soluble phosphorus, phospholipids, RNA, and DNA were investigated with westerworlds 9Lolium sublatum) and perennial rye-grasses (Lolium perenne). The amounts of dry weight, crude protein, amino acids, chlorophyll, carotene, total phosphorus, acid-soluble phosphorus, phospholipids, RNA and DNA of both rye-grasses increased with adequately increasing nitrogen, and reached a maximum with an adequate application of nitrogen. The relationships between yields and crude protein contents, crude protein and RNA contents, and yields and RNA contents of westerworlds and perennial rye-grasses were found to be positively correlated, respectively. Therefore, in general, the response to plant growth by the environmental factors such as nitrogen nutrient may be summarized as follows: Environmental factors\longrightarrowDNA\longrightarrowRNA\longrightarrowProtein\longrightarrowPlant growth

• Toxicological Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.371-377
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• 1998

We have cloned a soluble type human folate receptor(hFR type${\gamma}$) from human thymus cDNA library using the PCR amplification technique. To examine whether hFR type${\gamma}$ has a folate transport activity, CHO cells were transfected with the pcDNAhFR${\gamma}$ expression plasmid, and the stable cell line CHO/hFR${\gamma}$ expressing a high level of the hFR type${\gamma}$ was identified by northern and western blot analysis. The CHO/hFR${\gamma}$ cells produced a [$H^3$]folic acid binding protein in the culture medium. However, we couldn't detect any cell surface [$H^3$] folic acid binding and transport activities. The growth of the CHO/hFR${\gamma}$ cells was more rapidly inhibited than the wild type CHO cells in the low concentration folic acid media. These observations indicate that although soluble type human folate receptor can bind [$H^3$]folate, it does not involve in folate transport.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1002-1005
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• 2002

The effects of GroEL/ES chaperone on the production of soluble form of B. macerans cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) in recombinant E. coli were investigated. The cgt gene and groEL/ES genes are under the control of T7 promoter and Pzt-1 promoter, respectively. The optimal concentrations of inducers, IPTG and tetracycline, were found to be 1.0 mM and 10 ng/ml, respectively. When tetracycline and IPTG were added at the early exponential phase (2h) and exponential phase (3h) of growth, respectively, about 1.5-fold increase of soluble CGTase activity and 1.6-fold increase of soluble CGTase protein were obtained. An SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that about $37.2\%$ of total CGTase protein was in the soluble fraction when GroEL/ES chaperone was overexpressed.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.331-342
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• 1995

An investigation was performed to reveal the removal rates of organic constituents of the litters in a Phragmithea longivalvis grassland in a Delta of the Nakdong River, The removal rates of the inorganic and organic materials are determined by the mathematical models. The removal rates and time required to decay up to a percentage of each organic constituent were calculated using these new models. The removal rates of cold water soluble fractions, other carbohydrates, hot water soluble fractions, cellulose, crude fat, lignin and crude protein were 2.67, 1.39, 1.25, 1.02, 0.92, 0.49 and 0.47, respectively, The periods required to reach half time to the steady state of the removal and accumulation for cold water soluble fractions, other carbohydrates, hot water soluble fractions, cellulose, crude fat, lignin and crude protein of the litter were 0.26, 0.50, 0.55, 0.68, 0.75, 1.41 and 1.48 years, respectively.