• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.511-518
• /
• 2001

치과용 고-Pd계 합금인 76.5wt.%Pd-11 6%Cu-7.2%Ga계 및 77.3%Pd-6.0%Ga계 합금의 주조. 탈개스 및 세라믹소성처리 후 부식저항성을 0.9%NaCl 및 Fusayama 전해액에서 동전위분극법을 이용하여 평가하였다. 미세조직의 변화에 따라 약간의 부식속도 차이를 나타내었으나 이는 미미하여 치과재료로서의 부식저항성은 문제가 없는 것으로 판단되었다 합금조성에 따른 부식저항성은 77.3%Pd-6.0%Ga계 합금이 76.5%Pd-11.6%Cu-7.2%Ga계 합금보다 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 76.5%Pd-11.6%Cu-7.2%Ga계 합금은 급냉조건과 Cu의 첨가로 공정반응을 촉진시켜 미세조직에 편석 및 석출물들이 존재했기 때문이었으며 77.3%Pd-6.0%Ga계 합금은 기지조직이 고용체로 구성되어 부식저항성 이 우수하였다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제22권10호
• /
• pp.890-896
• /
• 2009

Li(Ni, Co, Mn)$O_2$ has been known as one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium secondary batteries. However, it has some problems to overcome for commercialization such as inferior rate capability and unstable thermal stability. In order to address these problems, surface modification of cathode materials by coating has been investigated. In the coating techniques, selection of coating material is a key factor of obtaining enhanced properties of cathode materials. In this work, we introduced solid electrolyte (Li-La-Ti-O) as a coating material on the surface of $Li[Ni_{0.3}Co_{0.4}Mn_{0.3}]O_2$ cathode. Specially, we focused on a rate performance of Li-La-Ti-O coated $Li[Ni_{0.3}Co_{0.4}Mn_{0.3}]O_2$ cathode. Both bare and Li-La-Ti-O 2 wt.% coated sample showed similar discharge capacity at 0.5C rate. However, as the increase of charge-discharge rate to 3C, the coated samples displayed better discharge capacity and cyclic performance than those of bare sample.

• 한국진공학회지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.221-226
• /
• 2000

졸겔법 및 진공증착법으로 $WO_3$ 및 $V_2O_5$ 박막을 제조하고, 리튬이온을 이용하여 전기변색 소자를 제작한 후 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 측정결과 졸겔법으로 제조된 $WO_3$ 박막과 $V_2O_5$ 박막을 수증기 분위기에서 $500^{\circ}C$로 1시간 열처리한 경우 가장 우수한 투과율 변화량을 나타내었다. 정.역방향 동작을 거듭할수록 $WO_3$막의 텅스텐과 ITO막의 인듐이 상호 확산하는 것을 관찰할 수 있었으며 이를 방지하기 위해 수백 $\AA$의 텅스텐 박막을 ITO와 $WO_3$막 사이에 삽입한 결과, cyclic voltamogram의 peak의 감소량이 1/10 이하로 감소하였으며, 리튬이온의 흐름에 의한 인듐과 텅스텐의 이동을 효과적으로 방지할 수 있었다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제32권1호
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 2019

$SiO_x$ nanoparticles were granulated, and their microstructures and effects on electrochemical behaviors were investigated. In spite of the promising electrochemical performance of $SiO_x$, nanoparticles have limitations such as high surface area, low density, and difficulty in handling during slurry processing. Granulation can be one solution. In this study, pelletizing and annealing were conducted to create particles with sizes of several decades of micron. Decrease in surface area directly influences the initial charge and discharge process when granules are applied as anode materials for Li-ion batteries. Lower surface area is key to decreasing the amount of irreversible phase-formation, such as $Li_2Si_2O_5$, $Li_2SiO_3$ and $Li_4SiO_4$, as well as forming the solid electrolyte interface. Additionally, aggregation of nanoparticles is required to obtain further enhancement of the electrochemical behavior due to restrictions that there be no $Li_4SiO_4$-related reaction during the first discharge process.

• Advances in materials Research
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2019

Electrochemical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) which are fabricated using carbon based electrodes have been emerging at an alarming rate to fulfill the energy demand in the present day world. Activated charcoal has been accepted as a very suitable candidate for electrodes but its cost is higher than natural graphite. Present study is about fabrication of EDLCs using composite electrodes with activated charcoal and Sri Lankan natural graphite as well as a gel polymer electrolyte which is identified as a suitable substitute for liquid electrolytes. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry and Galvanostatic Charge Discharge test were done to evaluate the performance of the fabricated EDLCs. Amount of activated charcoal and natural graphite plays a noticeable role on the capacity. 50 graphite : 40 AC : 10 PVdF showed the optimum single electrode specific capacity value of 15 F/g. Capacity is determined by the cycling rate as well as the potential window within which cycling is being done. Continuous cycling resulted an average single electrode specific capacity variation of 48 F/g - 16 F/g. Capacity fading was higher at the beginning. Later, it dropped noticeably. Initial discharge capacity drop under Galvanostatic Charge Discharge test was slightly fast but reached near stable upon continuous charge discharge process. It can be concluded that initially some agitation is required to reach the maturity. However, the results can be considered as encouraging to initiate studies on EDLCs using Sri Lankan natural graphite.

• 한국재료학회지
• /
• 제32권9호
• /
• pp.369-378
• /
• 2022

The recycling of solid waste materials to fabricate carbon-based electrode materials is of great interest for low-cost green supercapacitors. In this study, porous carbon foam (PCF) was prepared from waste floral foam (WFF) as an electrode material for supercapacitors. WFF was directly carbonized at various temperatures of 600, 800, and 1,000 ℃ under an inert atmosphere. The WFF-derived PCF (C-WFF) was found to have a specific surface area of 458.99 m²/g with multi-modal pore structures. The supercapacitive behavior of the prepared C-WFF was evaluated using a three-electrode system in a 6 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. As a result, the prepared C-WFF as an active material showed a high specific capacitance of 206 F/g at 1 A/g, a rate capability of 36.4 % at 20 A/g, a specific power density of 2,500 W/kg at an energy density of 2.68 Wh/kg, and a cycle stability of 99.96 % at 20 A/g after 10,000 cycles. These results indicate that the C-WFF prepared from WFF could be a promising candidate as an electrode material for high-performance green supercapacitors.

• 청정기술
• /
• 제28권2호
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2022

Lithium sulfur (Li-S) batteries have attracted considerable attention as a promising candidate for next-generation power sources due to their high theoretical energy density, low cost, and eco-friendliness. However, the poor electrical conductivity of sulfur and its insoluble discharging products (Li₂S₂/Li₂S), large volume changes, severe self-discharge, and dissolution of lithium polysulfide intermediates result in rapid capacity fading, low Coulombic efficiency, and safety risks, hindering Li-S battery commercial development. In this study, a three-dimensionally (3D) connected hierarchical porous carbon framework (HPCF) derived from waste sunflower seed shells was synthesized as a sulfur host for Li-S batteries via a chemical activation method. The natural 3D connected structure of the HPCF, originating from the raw material, can effectively enhance the conductivity and accessibility of the electrolyte, accelerating the Li⁺/electron transfer. Additionally, the generated micropores of the HPCF, originated from the chemical activation process, can prevent polysulfide dissolution due to the limited space, thereby improving the electrochemical performance and cycling stability. The HPCF/S cell shows a superior capacity retention of 540 mA h g^-1 after 70 cycles at 0.1 C, and an excellent cycling stability at 2 C for 700 cycles. This study provides a potential biomass-derived material for low-cost long-life Li-S batteries.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제32권5호
• /
• pp.275-282
• /
• 2022

현대에는 배터리를 비롯한 수소 기반 에너지가 효율적이라고 널리 알려져 있다.이러한 결과는 수소가 에너지 수송체로써의 높은 효율을 가지고 있다는 사실로부터 기반한다. 자연 친화적이며 높은 순도를 가진 수소는 수전해로부터 제조할 수 있다. 다양한 종류의 전기분해 중, 수소이온 교환막 수전해는 가장 재생 가능하며 싸고 자연 친화적이다. 이는 에너지로써 사용이 되기에 적합한 산소와 수소를 생성한다. 이와 같이 많은 장점이 있기에 활발한 연구가 수소이온 교환막 전기분해에 대해 진행되고 있다. 나피온은 수소이온 교환막으로 널리 쓰이지만, 비싼 비용과 다양한 다른 단점으로 인해 여러 가지 종류의 대체재가 개발되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 크게 나피온과 비나피온(non-Nafion) 기반 수소이온 교환막 수전해로 나누어 다루었다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.22-28
• /
• 2023

The global demand for raw lithium materials is rapidly increasing, accompanied by the demand for lithiumion batteries for next-generation mobility. The batch-type method, which selectively separates and concentrates lithium from seawater rich in reserves, could be an alternative to mining, which is limited owing to low extraction rates. Therefore, research on selectively separating and concentrating lithium using an electrodialysis technique, which is reported to have a recovery rate 100 times faster than the conventional methods, is actively being conducted. In this study, a lithium ion selective membrane is prepared using lithium lanthanum titanate, an oxide-based solid electrolyte material, to extract lithium from seawater, and a large-area membrane manufacturing process is conducted to extract a large amount of lithium per unit time. Through the developed manufacturing process, a large-area membrane with a diameter of approximately 20 mm and relative density of 96% or more is manufactured. The lithium extraction behavior from seawater is predicted by measuring the ionic conductivity of the membrane through electrochemical analysis.

• 전기화학회지
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2003

본 연구에서는 중저온에서 작동되는 연료극 지지체식 평판형 연료전지를 연구하였으며, 저가의 공정인 테입케스팅법을 이용하여 $0.8\~1mn$의 두께와 $25,\; 100,\;150cm^2$크기의 평판형 연료극 지지체를 제작하였고, 연료극 지지체의 특성을 확인하기 위해서 기공률, 가스 투과율 그리고 전기전도도 등을 측정하였다. $12wt.\%$의 결합제를 사용하여 제작된 지지체의 기공률은 $45.8\%$이고 환원 시 $53.9\%$로 증가함을 보였다. 연료극 지지체는 $850^{\circ}C$에서 900S/cm의 높은 전기전도도를 나타내었으며, 1기압 하에서 공기로 측정하였을 때 6l/min의 기체투과량을 보였다. 단전지의 제조는 테잎케스팅 법으로 제조된 연료극 지지체위에 슬러리 디핑 코팅법을 이용하여 전해질과 공기극을 순차적으로 제조하였다. YSZ의 농도를 $10wt.\%\;와\;20wt.\%$로 하여 제조된 전해질의 두께는 각각 form와 300m이었고, 공기극은 LSM-YSZ/LSM/LSCF의 다층 구조로 구성되었다. $10{\mu}m$두께의 전해질은 매우 치밀하였고 3기압 하에서 가스 투과도는 2.5ml/min을 나타내었다. 단전지의 성능 시험에서 $20\~30{\mu}m$두께의 전해질을 갖는 연료극 지지체식 평판형 연료전지는 $750^{\circ}C$에서 0.6V, $300 mA/cm^2$성능을 보였다.