• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.250-253
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• 2012

We report a rare case of cerebellar liponeurocytoma with an unusually aggressive histopathology. A 49-year-old man presented with a four-month history of headache, vertigo, and progressive swaying gait. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a $3{\times}3.5cm$ sized relatively well-demarcated round mass lesion in the fourth ventricle, characterized by high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Postcontrast images revealed strong enhancement of the solid portion and the cyst wall. The patient underwent suboccipital craniectomy and tumor removal. The pathologic diagnosis was cerebellar liponeurocytoma. Adjuvant radiotherapy was offered due to concerns related to the high proliferative index (Ki-67, 13.68%) of the tumor. At the last routine postoperative follow-up visit (12 months), the patient complained of no specific symptom and there was no evidence of tumor recurrence. However, longterm follow-up and the analysis of similar cases are necessary because of the low number of reports and the short follow-up of cases.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.122-125
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• 2011

We report a rare case of the coexistence of a gastric small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with a gastric adenocarcinoma. A 62-year-old man presented with epigastric soreness for 1 month. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a Borrmann type I tumor at the lesser curvature of the lower body of the stomach. The patient underwent a distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection and the resected specimen exhibited a $3.5{\times}3.5$ cm sized, fungating lesion. Two separated, not intermingling, lesions with non-adenocarcinoma components encircled by well differentiated adenocarcinoma components were identified microscopically. The non-adenocarcinoma component showed neuroendocrine features, such as a solid and trabecular pattern, and the tumor cells showed a high nuclear grade with minimal cytoplasm, indistinct nucleoli, and positive response for synaptophysin, CD56. The final pathological diagnosis was a gastric mixed exocrine-endocrine carcinoma (MEEC) composed of an adenocarcinoma and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the collision type.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.350-354
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• 2013

To present a rare case of a cystic giant schwannoma of the sacrum mimicking aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). A 54-year-old man visited our institute complaining left leg weakness and sensory change for several years. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large multilocular cystic mass with canal invasion and bone erosion confined to left S1 body. The lesion showed multiple septal enhancement without definite solid component. Initially the tumor was considered as ABC. The patient underwent grossly-total tumor resection with lumbosacral reconstruction via posterior approach. The tumor was proved to be a cystic schwannoma. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was relieved from preoperative symptoms. We present a rare case of pure cystic giant schwannoma confined to sacrum mimicking ABC. The surgical treatment is challenging due to the complex anatomy of the sacrum. Schwannoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic sacral cysts.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.70-73
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• 2005

An Ameloblastoma is one of the most common odontogenic tumors. The treatment of ameloblastoma has been controversial because of this disease entity as a slow-growing, locally invasive tumor with high rate of recurrence. Recurrence rate of ameloblastoma are reported 15% to 25% after radical treatment and 75% to 90% after conservative treatment. On the other hand, Robinson and Gardner reported that the recurrence rate after conservative treatment of unicystic ameloblastoma was lower than those of multicystic or solid lesion. In this report, what we want to show is to review the articles to find out pros and cons of conservative treatment of ameloblastoma. In addition we would like to discuss which requies conservative treatment or radical treatment are more acceptable through our case report.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.180-183
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• 2020

Meningothelial hamartoma is a benign tumor composed of ectopic meningothelial elements in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. It mainly occurs in the scalp; however, the incidence is extremely low. The origin of meningothelial hamartoma has not been elucidated; nevertheless, it has been theorized that it derives from ectopic meningothelial rests displaced during embryologic development. It can be diagnosed histologically as proliferation of connective tissue elements and cells arranged in solid nests, resembling vascular tumors. On immunohistochemistry, it stains positively for epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin. At least 17 cases have been reported, verifying the rarity of the lesion. We present the case of a 16-year-old male patient with a soft scalp mass which was thought to be a lipoma, but turned out to be a meningothelial hamartoma on histology.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.163-168
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• 2006

A 60-year-old female, who complained of delayed healing and swelling after extraction of left lower second molar during chemotherapy, visited our department. She had a history of a resection surgery of breast cancer and postoperative radiotherapy. The conventional radiographs showed diffuse permeative bone destruction in posterior mandibular body, which gave the first radiologic impression of osteonecrosis associated with radiotherapy or chemotherapy. And bone metastasis from the breast cancer was also considered in the differential diagnosis. On the enhanced computed tomography (ECT) the posterior mandibular body was occupied by a large expansile lesion showing central low attenuation with peripheral rim enhancement. Magnetic resonance images revealed that the low attenuated area on ECT did not show as high signal intensity as water on T2 weighted image and indicated solid component of a tumor. The final diagnosis was central squamous cell carcinoma. We present the diagnostic imaging features of the patient with special emphasis on the differential diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.43-47
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• 2019

The characteristics of extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibromas tend to be different from angiofibromas of the nasopharynx according to patient gender, patient age, prevalence, affected site, pathogenesis, and clinical and epidemiological features. We report a case of an extra-nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in a 28-year-old man referred to the ENT Clinic for right-sided epistaxis, airflow impairment and nasal swelling. The right nostril was completely occluded works by a reddish-yellow mass that bled easily. The computed tomography scan revealed an "inhomogeneous solid lesion in the nasal fossa". With the patient under general anesthesia, the formation in the anterior portion of the right side of the nasal septum was removed up to its vascular base. Although electrical cauterization efficiently controlled the bleeding, we abraded the sub-perichondral area to prevent further bleeding as well as recurrence. The histological exam report confirmed the diagnosis of angiofibroma. As in our case, epistaxis is commonly the presenting sign of angiofibroma. Yet its onset was peculiar, given that the bleeding started with a low impact trauma. The nasal swelling was also a relevant feature as well as the breathing impairment. Although uncommon, nasal septal angiofibromas should considered in patients with epistaxis.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.241-249
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• 2019

Ameloblastoma is a benign locally invasive tumor with a high tendency to recur. It is considered rare in the pediatric population, with most cases diagnosed in the third to fifth decades of life. Approximately 80% of ameloblastomas occur in the molar and ramus region of the mandible, while 20% of cases occur in the maxillary posterior region. This report presents a case of plexiform ameloblastoma in an uncommon location in an 8-year-old child. The lesion was initially thought to be a dentigerous cyst, based on its location and radiographic appearance. The clinical and radiographic features, histopathology, and treatment of solid, plexiform, maxillary ameloblastoma are reviewed, with an added emphasis on a literature review of ameloblastoma in children. This report emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up, since recurrence may occur many years after initial tumor removal.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 2021

A captive male polar bear (Ursus maritimus) was found dead after a long-term anorexia at a Park Zoo in Republic of Korea. At necropsy, the liver lesion was prominent with hepatomegaly carrying a big mass and numerous small nodules in various sizes. The cut surface of the nodules was creamy white, firm, and solid with umbilicated appearance. Histologically, there was proliferation of hepatocellular neoplastic cells arranged in glandular-like (pseudoglandular) pattern and complete loss of hepatocellular arrangement. The immunoreactivity for neoplastic hepatocyte antigens was positive for hepatocyte paraffin 1, and negative for vimentin, cytokeratin 7 and 19, and carcinoembryonic antigen. Based on those diagnostic features, the neoplasia was diagnosed as hepatocellular carcinoma. To the author's knowledge, this is the first case report of hepatocellular carcinoma in the captive polar bear in Republic of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.759-772
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• 2019

Objective: To investigate the value of ultrasound (US) microflow assessment in distinguishing malignant from benign solid breast masses as well as the association between US parameters and histologic microvessel density (MVD). Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight breast masses (57 benign and 41 malignant) were examined using Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI) and contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) before biopsy. Two radiologists evaluated the quantitative and qualitative vascular parameters on SMI (vascular index, morphology, distribution, and penetration) and CEUS (time-intensity curve analysis and enhancement characteristics). US parameters were compared between benign and malignant masses and the diagnostic performance was compared between SMI and CEUS. Subgroup analysis was performed according to lesion size. The effect of vascular parameters on downgrading Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4A masses was evaluated. The association between histologic MVD and US parameters was analyzed. Results: Malignant masses were associated with a higher vascular index (15.1 ± 7.3 vs. 5.9 ± 5.6), complex vessel morphology (82.9% vs. 42.1%), central vascularity (95.1% vs. 59.6%), penetrating vessels (80.5% vs. 31.6%) on SMI (all, p < 0.001), as well as higher peak intensity (37.1 ± 25.7 vs. 17.0 ± 15.8, p < 0.001), slope (10.6 ± 11.2 vs. 3.9 ± 4.2, p = 0.001), area (1035.7 ± 726.9 vs. 458.2 ± 410.2, p < 0.001), hyperenhancement (95.1% vs. 70.2%, p = 0.005), centripetal enhancement (70.7% vs. 45.6%, p = 0.023), penetrating vessels (65.9% vs. 22.8%, p < 0.001), and perfusion defects (31.7% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001) on CEUS (p ≤ 0.023). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of SMI and CEUS were 0.853 and 0.841, respectively (p = 0.803). In 19 masses measuring < 10 mm, central vascularity on SMI was associated with malignancy (100% vs. 38.5%, p = 0.018). Considering all benign SMI parameters on the BI-RADS assessment, unnecessary biopsies could be avoided in 12 category 4A masses with improved AUCs (0.500 vs. 0.605, p < 0.001). US vascular parameters associated with malignancy showed higher MVD (p ≤ 0.016). MVD was higher in malignant masses than in benign masses, and malignant masses negative for estrogen receptor or positive for Ki67 had higher MVD (p < 0.05). Conclusion: US microflow assessment using SMI and CEUS is valuable in distinguishing malignant from benign solid breast masses, and US vascular parameters are associated with histologic MVD.