• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2015

Effects of chitin and chitosan treatments on soil microorganisms and the mesofauna were investigated in a microcosm and a fumigated field experiment. Responses of microorganisms were determined using microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, whereas responses of the mesofauna were measured in terms of the abundances of nematodes and microarthropods. Soil nitrate concentration increased on the application of chitin. Overall, chitin promoted bacterial and fungal abundance, leading to an increase in abundance of free-living soil nematodes that feed on decomposers. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids was highest in the chitin-treated soil. Chitosan had a minimal effect on the abundance of microorganisms; however, it reduced the abundance of collembolans in the microcosm experiment. These results indicate that the application of chitin has beneficial effects on the supply of nutrients and promotion of the abundance of soil organisms.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

The use of cover crops has a beneficial effect on sustainable soil management in pear orchards. We aimed to compare changes in soil chemical properties and biota with the use of different cover crops. We tested the effects of five cover plants, including hairy vetch, orchard grass, rattail fescue, rye, and perennial ryegrass. Use of different cover crops had a minimal impact on soil chemical properties through three year experiments. The aboveground biomass was greatest with the use of rye. The potential amounts of returnable N and P were highest when leguminous hairy vetch was used as a cover plant. Changes in the composition of the microbial community were investigated by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis. Microbial PLFAs were highest with the use of rattail fescue and lowest with the use of hairy vetch. Minimal changes in the abundances of nematodes and microarthropods suggested that there was no bottom-up control in the soil ecosystem. The results also show that increases in aboveground biomass and nutrient content with the use of cover crops may not promote the abundance of soil organisms.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.47-62
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• 2000

This study investigated the effect of soil animals at forest fire area, and it carried out the mountain located at Jundae Ri, Houeng-chen Myen, Ha-dong Gun, Kyoung-Nam Province, southern part of Korea, where burned out about 50 hectars on April 11, 1997. Vegetation of the examined area absolutely dominated with the pines of 7-14 cm in diameter and 20 to 30 years old and the rest were covered with mixed forest with a shrub such as the oak (Quereus mongolia Fisch, Quereus variabilis BI, Quereus dentana Thunb), snowbell(Styrax japonica, S, et, z), lacquer tree (Rhus trichocarpa Mig), azalea (Rhododendron mucronulatum Turcz), etc. And there were simple area organized as a herbaceous plant, and the burnt area was poor experimental sites, where litter layer and herbaceous plant disappeard due to fire, and the unburnt area was rich in surface plant, dead leaves, twigs, etc. But the ground cover vegetations were poor in the unburnt area. The distribution of each animal groups, the seasonal fluctuation in population density, the biomass of meso$.$macroarthropods and the relationship between soil animal and some environmental factors were investigated and analyzed at each experimental area. The result are summarized as follow: 1. Identificated 257,087 individuals of soil microarthropods were classified into 7 classes and 24 orders of Arachinida, Insecta, Chilopoda, Symphyla, Diplopoda, Isopoda and Oligochaeta., and identified 8,006 individuals of the total meso$.$macroarthropods were classified into 7 classes and 20 orders of Arachinida, Insecta, Chilopoda, Symphyla, Diplopoda, Isopoda and Oligochaeta. 2. Among the total soil microarthropods, Arachinida formed 70.9%, followed by Insecta for 28.4% and among the total meso$.$macroarthropod , Insecta formed 57.6%, followed by Chilopoda for 23.8%.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.26 no.3 s.72
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• pp.133-138
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• 1987

This study was conducted during Oct. 1986$\sim$Apr. 1987 to investigate the distribution, dominance and species diversity of soil arthropods communities from two collection sites of Suwon and Mt. Jiri. A total of 2,989 specimens of 3 orders, 20 families and 19 species were identified. In overall dominance index, Suwon community showed lower value than Mt. Jiri community. Seasonal variation dominance index were higher in Suwon community than those in Mt. Jiri community.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.280-286
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• 1996

The present work describes four new species of oribatid mites, which were collected from Sangumburi in Chejudo, Korea. They were Brasilobates sangumburiensis sp. nov., Xenillus multisetosus sp. nov., Nippobodes tamlaensis sp. nov., and Nippobodes chejuensis sp. nov.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.120-126
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• 1995

This study investigated the soil oribatid mite community at planatations of the Korean white pine, planted in different years. The soil samples $(10\times10\times5cm)$ were taken monthly from Jun 1988 to July 1989, and soil microarthropods in th sample were extracted using the Tullgren funnel for 72 hors. The diversity indices decreased at the older plantation sites with the maximum point in January and the minimum in September. The richness indices showed the maximum point in June and the minimum in may. The dominance indices increased at the older plantation and showed the maximum point in April, May, the minimum in January. The indices of aggregation of Oribatid mites species showed concentrated distribution in the average 1.9. The older plantation, the more indices increase. The seasonal variation of th indices tended to be greatest in April, August and at lowest in January. The richness indices was positively correlated with shannon-wiener, evenness indices. The dominance, aggregation indices was negatively correlated with shannon, evenness, richness indices.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.872-877
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• 2011

Cultivation of Korea ginseng in newly reclaimed and paddy-converted fields has been increasing, and evaluation of organic amendment effectiveness is needed in the two soil types. Soil organisms influence organic matter decomposition, and their responses to applications of organic matter were studied. De-oiled cake and compost were applied at $20Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and $40Mg\;ha^{-1}$ in both soil types. Changes in microflora were assessed by analyzing phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA). The abundance of nematodes and microarthropods was measured. Microbial PLFA indicators for microorganisms and microarthropod abundance were greater in reclaimed upland than in paddy-converted soil. There were few differences in the microflora and fauna of reclaimed uplands, regardless of treatment. In paddy-converted soil, the abundance of Oribatida was increased by the application of compost at $20Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and was correlated with PLFA indicators of fungi. The results suggested a minimal influence of organic amendments in reclaimed upland, because the organic matter content and abundance of soil organisms are low in mineral soils. In paddy-converted soil, the effects of organic amendment differ among different soil organisms, and soil properties are important mediators of the effect.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.287-292
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• 2010

We aimed to investigate the responses of soil organisms to cover plants and to provide information for the selection of proper plant species. We studied the effects of 7 cover plants, including rye, oat, rattail fescue, Chinese milk vetch, red clover, crimson clover, and hairy vetch, on soil organisms in an apple orchard. An increase in the microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) and in the number of nematodes and microarthropods in the soil under the cover plants reflects elevated activities of soil organisms. A decrease in the level of some marker PLFA, which is an indicator of environmental stress, suggests that cover plants provide favorable environments for soil organisms. The population of fungi and animals that feed on fungi increased in the soil surface under red clover. The population density of nematodes and mites increased in the soil surface under rattail fescue, and that of mites and omnivorous nematodes increased in the soil surface under Chinese milk vetch. The level of microbial PLFA in the soil surfaces under the tested cover plants was higher than that under clean culture system. These results suggest that proper selection of the cover plants can facilitate the creation of favorable environments for soil organisms.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.471-478
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of reusable organic wastes, on soil organisms and chemical properties. Bone meal, de-oiled cake, and oyster shell were applied and abundances of soil organisms were measured at 3 and 15 months, after treatment in soil under sawleaf zelkova cultivation. Soil organisms are affected, by the quality of applied organic wastes. Abundance of microorganisms was higher in oyster shell treated soils than in untreated soils, suggesting that soil pH is a driving force, altering abundance and structure of the microbial community. Increase in abundance of bacterivorous nematodes was observed under treatment with bone meal and de-oiled cake, but there was slight change in abundance of fungivorous and herbivorous nematodes. Abundance of herbivorous nematode was positively correlated with plant growth, at 15 months after treatment. Response of microarthropods in the Collembola and Oribatida was not apparent. Abundances of primary consumers were not significantly correlated with microorganisms. This study suggested that organic waste influences soil organisms primarily by altering soil chemical properties and bottom-up effects may not occur in trophic reactions.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.23-31
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• 1987

This study was carried out to investigate by the MGP analysis the composition of oribatid mite in coniferous and broad-leaved forests, Kwang Yng experiment plantation, Chola Nam Do Province, southern part of Korea. In these study area, 157 species of oribatid mites (Acari: Cryptogimata) were identified. Among them 6 species such as; Brachychochthonius jugatus JACOT, B hungaricus BALOGH, Eremulus translamealtus BALOGH et. MAHUNKA, Brachioppiella ctenifera GOLOSOVA, Striatoppia opuntiseta BALOGH et. MAHUNKA, Suctobelba perdentata baculifer BALOGH et. MAHUNKA have not been described in Korea. Species compositions were as follows; Among them 69 species were found in all the six sampling sites, 33 species scattered sporadically in all the area, 12 species found in coniferous forest, 10 species in broad-leaved forest only, and 33 species sampled at one site. According to the MGP analysis I, site B-1, B-2, and B-3 were found to be "Type G" and site C-1, C-2, and C-3 were "Type MG". According to the MGP analysis II, site B were found to be all "Type G". But site C-1 was "Type MG", C-2 was "Type M" and C-3 was "Type G" suggesting that "Group M" increased in the site C.e G" suggesting that "Group M" increased in the site C. in the site C.