• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.23-34
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• 2012

As the quality of life grows, the role of cultural facilities in urban areas is becoming more important. However, due to various reasons, the location of these facilities shows the geographical imbalance between urban regions. Even though provision of road network can improve this kind of urban problem, in many countries, the provision of urban infrastructure plays a role which is magnifies the cultural gap between regions and socio-economic classes. The findings of this study are as follows. First of all, the inequality of accessibility to cultural facilities is shown over the period. Cross-sectional data shows that the higher the income of a region, the higher the accessibility index(AI) of the zone to cultural facilities at any time. Next, the provision of road network contributes the improvement of AI of high income region. Finally the provision of new facilities has a tendency that these kind of facilities are located to make AI of high income zone better. It means that the decision making by city government intensifies the geographical inequality. This result would be very useful in the decision making process for determining the number and the location of cultural facilities and other similar urban infrastructure as well. Also it will be helpful for the selection of optimal location which considered not only physical distances but also social equalities.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1347-1356
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• 2015

Since 1970 transportation investment has been made rapidly, however the doubt on duplication and overinvestment of transportation facility also has been brought up. Thus the necessity for reasonable estimation of investment scale increases. In this paper various researches related to this subject are reviewed and categorized according to their methodologies, namely, the methodology using international comparison, trend of investment policy and endogenous economy development model. Based on these methodologies, AHP is applied to calculate proper investment scale. The result shows that the budget for satisfying the investment scale is estimated about 19.51~24.49 trillion won. This value is 4.28~9.26 trillion won higher than the proper investment budget established in National Fiscal Management Plan. In the future, it is necessary to establish systematic and efficient transportation investment plan by developing transportation policy model which can assess the economic feasibility, social equity and environmental soundness etc. at the same time.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.279-298
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• 2015

This study analyzes the interaction of the policy of human resource in science and technology and the policy of education for the gifted. In Korea, the goals of gifted education seem to have gravitated more toward serving the national perspective of creating a pool of high-quality scientists for economic development, rather than toward helping individuals achieve their educational aspirations and promote their talents. The science education policy for the gifted can be categorized into two: one primarily by the Ministry of Science (MOST) and another by the Ministry of Education (MOE). So far, the policy of science education for the gifted has been written by MOE. Such an imbalance has been created because the two ministries differed in their values and priorities. MOST has designed the science education policy in order to foster the gifted as high-quality human resources in science and technology that can help contribute to economic development. On the other hand, MOE has designed the policy for the gifted with educational equity in mind. Although the policy by MOST had have more influence in implementing overall policies of educating the gifted, the two ministries have interacted and formulated the educational system of gifted in Korea. This study sheds light on the process that MOST has legitimized their science education policy for the gifted by designing it in line with the national and social goals, and has formulated a basis on which the gifted can contribute to R&D for economic development.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.171-181
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• 2014

CSV(Creating Shared Value) model was proposed by Porter and Kramer (2011) to address relationship between businesses and society. Namely, it means that CSV deals with business value and social problem solving simultaneously. In this paper, the notion of CSV was applied to the food enterprise, and the cases of CSV with farming area were discovered. Especially, this paper proposed the framework for analyzing CSV activity based on the three-level of CSV suggested by Porter and Kramer (2011) and strategic options for vertical coordination proposed by Peterson et al. (2001). As a result of case analysis applying the proposed framework in this study, three types of CSV activity were discovered: Local food type, downstream support type, and joint corporate establish type. Local food type creates CSV based on momentary purchase or specification contract as strategic options for vertical coordination. Downstream support type creates CSV mainly based on relation-based alliance as a strategic option for vertical coordination. Lastly, joint corporate establish type creates CSV based on equity-based alliance as a strategic option for vertical coordination. This paper contributed to the CSV literatures for discovering cases of CSV with farming area and categorizing discovered cases applying proposed framework.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-50
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• 1997

To examine the effects of an educational program with a purpose of reducing symptoms and ailments of women's premenstrual syndrome on the basis of the Self-care theory of Orem, a stimulation was carried out by using pre-and post-design of non-equity control group after choosing both an experimental group of 62 persons and a control group of 62 persons among 497 industrial women. This study was conducted from June 20, 1996 to September 30, 1996. Meantime, an education was provided for the experimental group of 62 persons for 8 weeks but no education for the control group of 62 persons. Study matters are general and obstetric characteristics, knowledge and self-care behavior and premenstrual syndrome from questionnaires with 497 industrial women, pre and post questionnaires with the control group of 62 persons and the questionnaires collected before and after providing an education for the experimental group of 62 persons, these matters were used as research data for this study and analyzed by means of the SAS program. As a result, it was shown that the scores of 497 industrial women's knowledge by age were the highest 26.36 for 20 to 29 year old women, then 25.58 for 30 to 39 year old women and 25.74 for less 19 year old women. The performance scores of their self-care behavior by age were the highest 39.17 for 30 to 39 year old women, 35.72 for 20 to 29 year old women and 32.85 for less 19 year old women, which means that the older the women are, the higher the performance degree is(p<0.01). And the scores of their premenstrual syndrome by age were 2.80 for less 19 year old women, 2.18 for 20 to 29 year old women and 2.00 for 30 to 39 year old women. Women in their teens and twenties showed more serious symptoms and ailments of premenstrual syndrome than women in their thirties(p<0.01). For the experimental group of 62 persons who received the educational program, both the knowledge of premenstrual syndrome and the degree of self-care behavior were remarkably improved(p<0.01), respectively and the symptoms and ailments of premenstrual syndrome were also remarkably reduced(p<0.01), while the control group showed no change in the knowledge, self-care behavior, and symptoms and ailments of premenstrual syndrome. The above results demonstrated that educational program based on the Self-care theory of Orem is an effective intervention to reduce the symptoms and ailments of premenstrual syndrome. The effects of the study can be generalized by extending the application in which various age groups and professional and social environments are considered together with a research to evaluate the long-term effects of this educational program. Accordingly, it is expected that it can possible not only to provide help for the women by actually applying the program to practical areas for improvement of women's health but also to suggest plans to activate it as one of health education areas.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.439-463
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• 2015

This study compared 14 programs for the economically disadvantaged or minority students with potentials in 5 countries - US, UK, Germany, Australia, and Israel, attempting contents and characters of Korean Head Start to be developed, that is the program for economically disadvantaged gifted students or students from multi-cultural families, who are gifted at risk of under-representation and under-achievement. School wide enrichment programs, which served all students with gifted programs, using RTI model in the pursuit of equity and excellence, turned out to be effective as early interventions and identification implemented for economically disadvantaged or minority students with potentials. Gifted programs for low Social Economic Status (SES) or minority students played a role as a bridge for disadvantaged students to get into a regular gifted program or even higher gifted schools and to have a competency to compete with affluent gifted students. The principles of the programs were acceleration and differentiation. Most programs also ran a parents' education and a mentor program to motivate and support disadvantaged students socially and emotionally. Collaboration among governmental offices and usage of external resources were more effective to support these students and the programs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.299-336
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the differential effects of transformational leadership and organizational justice on psychological contract breach and work engagement, and to suggest practical implications. To this purpose, this study theoretically references equity theory which recognizes the relationship between organizational input and output, social exchange theory which explains the exchange relationship between members and organization, and job demand-resource (JD-R) model that combines job demands and job resources. A empirical study was conducted on 277 employees at 18 companies of diverse industries including manufacturing, distribution, and finance, and to eliminate the common method bias problem, the dependent variable was measured using peer evaluation. The results of this study showed that: 1) both transformational leadership and organizational justice had a significant positive effect on work engagement and significant negative effect on psychological contract breach; and 2) psychological contract breach played a partial mediating role in the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement as well as between organizational justice and work engagement. Therefore, this study suggests that, as organizational justice has stronger influence on work engagement and psychological contract breach than transformational leadership, organizations should not only train its leaders but also guarantee fairness.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.spc1
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• pp.719-730
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• 2020

Recognizing a complexity of global water challenges, such as water shortage, water pollution, water-related disasters, and degradation of water environments, this study introduces the newly established concept and definition of water security and water security assessment framework based on the review of previous works on water security. In order to critically assess the situations of water security of each country, an water security assessment framework is employed highlighting the four core areas: 1) social equity; 2) economic efficiency; 3) environmental sustainability; and 4) resilience to water-related disasters. 28 Asian countries have been selected and evaluated for the level of water security, and as a consequence, Japan, Malaysia and South Korea demonstrate a high degree of water security whereas India, Pakistan and the Philippines show a relatively low level of water security. The significance of this study lies in clarifying weak areas in water security as well as suggesting the areas that should be improved for achieving sustainable water management.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.19 no.1 s.29
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

This study was aimed to explore the level of awareness of Korean teachers and college students towards sustainable development(SD) and education for sustainable development(ESD). A survey was conducted to understand the present status of awareness of SD and ESD among 317 college students and 625 teachers in Korea from April to May of 2005. The questionnaire included items asking whether they heard about terms such as sustainability or sustainable development, the source of information on SD, the level of understanding or the urgent task for SD in Korea. It also included questions about experiences in participating in or conducting ESD, the need for ESD, important areas in and the modality for ESD and the willingness to participate in ESD. The results showed that the level of awareness on SD among teachers was low compared to college students, who have a relatively high level of access on SD issues through textbooks and classes in high school. Interestingly, most of college students replied that they never received any ESD, even though they learned SD in class. Both the teacher and student group thought that tile priority of sustainable development should be an 'environment-related' area in the social, economical and environmental perspectives. Most of the students and teachers considered the concept of SD as 'pursuing the balance between environmental protection and economic development.' Some of the teachers recognized the concept of sustainable development in the paradigm of continuous economic development. Both groups responded that the urgent task related to sustainable development is 'environmental protection' and the 'reduction of poverty.' On the other hand, they had experiences in teaching related to natural resources, gender equity, health, human rights, climate changes and other SD issues in class, but not under the name of ESD. They also emphasized 'critical thinking and problem solving & decision-making' in education. Most of the students and teachers responded that it was needed to carry out ESD, and that the way of life for SD would be the priority. It is suggested that various pedagogy and modalities according to various target groups should be considered in providing ESD. It is necessary to use more effective strategies for ESD rather than just introducing the concept of SD. Also, it is needed to review the ESD practices of teachers and improve the quality of education within the scope of ESD.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2012

Within twenty years, Permanent Affordable Housing provided for people's security of housing in late 1980's yields the principles of equity with tenant's in new one supplied, thus being confronted by the requirements that existing welfare service for tenants should be improved. Reflecting on these, this study means to prepare the basic data for the welfare policy as applying welfare service types on basis of housing locational characteristics, tenants tier compared with welfare service needs of permanent affordable housing tenants. For achieving this aim, the range and mixed use mechanism of welfare service are investigated as reviewing the related research and findings. Based on this investigation, 7 types of welfare service(Independence, Half-support, Child care, Juvenile, Self-support, Social-mix, and Single household) are established. On the analysis of survey, the welfare service needs are investigated as grouping with locational characteristics and survey target. In addition, the welfare service types are reorganized by analysis of tenant's demographic and locational characteristic on each housing and are compared with tenants needs. Although, the demographic of permanent affordable housing generally shows that the tenants are constituted with aged people, the housing with high ratio of children and juvenile can be applied with Child Care type and Juvenile type. As a result of comparison, the ratio of independence type, juvenile type, and single household type are more on the large housing and housing on metropolitan area, and the ratio of half-support type and child care type are more on the small housing and housing on small city area.