• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.49-75
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• 2015

A company is a core of free market capitalism. It needs to be sustainable to make capitalism better. In this reason, a company has to be ethical to be longer, because unethical company can not be survival. It means that we should understand what is the ethical company and how to be. Because interdisciplinary exchanges give a hint to understand what and how from, so it was studied to find the academic theories which have a relationship with ethics or morality not only in the area of Business management, but also Psychology, Pedagogy, Ethics, Philosophy, and etc.. Making a visible structure by System Dynamics with results through interdisciplinary exchanges to understand the reason why unethical accidences are rising and damages are growing although companies pay "Ethics Pays" more and more to reduce immoral cases is the goal of this study. On the theory of "Social Ethics", 5 ways explain the reason why unethical behavior has not been demolished make a complex structure, which was founded from studying interdisciplinary exchanges such as "Ethics Pays", "Moral Reasoning", "Social Cost", and "Fallacy of Compositions". Finding the controllers and Factors of this model to control to be better, then the market could be more effective with lesser social cost.

• 대한건축학회논문집:구조계
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2019

In the past, social insurance premiums, such as national pension and national health insurance, is contained within the costs of construction projects, have been lowered due to price competition of companies participating in the bidding. The government is implementing the "Ex-post settlement system" to improve the problem. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine the concept of an Ex-post settlement system and background of its introduction and to identify problems in the management of the system. The problems of the Ex-post settlement system are: 1) avoiding the participation of construction workers, 2) the rigidity of the insurance premium settlement method in construction field, and 3) the cause of direct construction cost reduction. The ways to improve these problems are: 1) excluding social insurance premiums from construction project cost, 2) securing flexibility of the settlement method of insurance premiums in construction field, and 3) expanding the scope of persons eligible to participate in social insurance.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.139-154
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• 2022

Purpose - This study aims to analyzing of solar power generation cost-benefit. Design/methodology/approach - We analyzed whether there is economic feasibility by selecting parking lots and idle sites located in four areas of Seoul, Gyeonggi, Chungcheong, Jeolla, and Gyeongsang areas nationwide, and analyzing site conditions and installation capacity. Findings - According to the results of the analysis, it was found that there is low profitability in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Chungcheong regions, where the solar radiation was not excellent even if REC is selected through the contract market. However, it is necessary to analyzed the economical validity the profitable validity including environmental benefits (greenhouse gas reduction, NOx, SOx reduction effect) and social benefits (renewable power supply) that is analyzed by income and operating costs which is occurred from electricity sales and REC sales when installing solar power generation facilities. Research implications or Originality - In this study, economic feasibility was evaluated additionally in consideration of environmental and social benefits. In conclusion, it was shown that businesses are not economical when considering only simple financial aspects are also sufficiently economical when it is considering environmental and social benefits.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.367-374
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• 2013

Underground infrastructure systems provide essential public services and goods through buried structures including water and sewer, gas and petroleum, power and communication pipelines. The majority of existing underground infrastructure systems was installed in green field areas prior to development of complex urban built environments. Currently, there is a global trend to escalate major demand for underground infrastructure system renewal and new installation while minimizing disruption and maintaining functions of existing superstructures. Therefore, Engineers and utility owners are rigorously seeking technologies that minimize environmental, social, and economic impact during the renewal and installation process. Trenchless technologies have proven to be socially less disruptive, more environmentally friendly, energy conservative and economically viable alternative methods. All of those benefits are adequate to enhance overall sustainability. This paper describes effective sustainable solutions using trenchless technologies. Sustainability is assessed by a comparison between conventional open cut and trenchless technology methods. Sustainability analysis is based on a broad perspective combining the three main aspects of sustainability: economic; environmental; and social. Economic includes construction cost, benefit, and social cost analysis. Environmental includes emission estimation and environmental quality impact study. Social includes various social impacts on an urban area. This paper summarizes sustainable trenchless technology solutions and presents a sustainable construction method selection process in a proposed framework to be used in urban underground infrastructure capital improvement projects.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.157-161
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• 2005

In the FY 2003, the number of registered vehicles in Korea reached 14 million, which is 7.7% increase from the previous year. The increase of number of vehicles has caused a lot of social problem with enormous costs. The social costs related to the vehicles includes environmental costs resulting from pollution and scraping of vehicles, those resulting from life-saving and repairing from car accidents and so on. There have been m any efforts to reduce the social costs in m any areas. As a part of the efforts, there are recent grow ing interests on the damageability & repairability in related industries. In this study, we investigated the cases of two different types of bum per stay. Futhermore, we analyzed their effects on damageability & repairability and reduction of repair cost. So we found that if the manufacturers design new cars with good damageability & repairability, then the total repair cost in crash will be reduced.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.60-74
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• 2009

This study purports to verify managerial effectiveness of the integrated delivery system(IDS) of Japanese health care institutions through comparing the managerial performance between hospital groups providing with both acute and nursing care and those with acute care only. Data on the managerial performance of 697 hospitals providing with nursing care together and 819 hospitals providing with acute care only were collected from Japanese Central Social Insurance Medical Councils 2001, 2003, 2005, and were analyzed using mean comparison test(t-test) between the two groups. The results revealed that there were significant differences between the two groups in such indicators as ratio of material cost, labor cost, depreciation rate, total margin, operating margin, average number of outpatient per day, average revenue of an inpatient per day, total amount of labor cost, gross revenue per employee, and labor productivity. However, we could not find out any consistent evidence which support the effect of integrated delivery system on the hospital managerial performance. Further discussion was made on the limitation of the study and future research agenda relevant to the topic.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-20
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• 2008

How health care providers compete and how competition among them affects their behavior are crucial questions in theory and health policy. In ordinary markets, competition improves social welfare, However in health care markets facing uncertainty and information asymmetry, competition can take the form of wasteful quality competition and result in cost increase. The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of hospital service markets and examine the impact of hospital competition on hospital behavior, more specifically hospital cost and the size of personnel. Based on patient discharge data of 2002 by the Ministry of Health and Welfare and Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs, and health insurance EDI claims data of 2002, this study measures the degree of competition in the inpatient service market of hospitals, using variable radius method and Herfindahl index. The result of the study shows that the hospital service market consists of on average 3.13 government administrative units(shi, gun, or gu). Compared with hospitals, general or general specialized hospitals cover larger markets and operate in more competitive markets. Nearly 60% of patients use hospitals, which are not located in their government administrative units, meaning that market definition based on variable radius is better than the conventional method of market definition based on government administrative units. The results of multivariate analysis show that competition is not associated with high cost index of hospitals. But hospitals in more competitive markets employ larger(more intensive) input of personnel per 100 beds, implying that hospital competition in Korea can have the form of quality and cost-increasing competition.

• 방사성폐기물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.207-212
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• 2013

2011년 3월 발생한 일본의 후쿠시마 원전 사고는 원전의 안전성 문제를 넘어 경제성까지 논란을 불러일으키고 있으며, 이러한 문제는 원전 확대에 대한 비판적 시각을 전 세계적으로 확대시키고 있다. 따라서 원전이 안전성을 충분히 유지하면서도 타 전원에 비해 경제성이 있다는 것을 입증한다면 현재는 물론 지속가능한 전원으로서의 원전의 역할을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 후쿠시마 원전사고 이후 국민들이 실제로 느끼는 '사회적 안전성' 정도를 알아보기 위해 안전성 대신 일반국민의 수용성을 지표로 삼아 안전에 대한 비용을 얼마나 지불할 수 있느냐를 알아보기 위해 비용편익분석의 하나인 조건부가치측정법(CVM: contingent valuation method)을 이용하였다. 경제성과 안전성의 trade-off값을 설문조사를 통해 알아본 결과 발전원가 4.75원/kWh 인상효과를 가져왔다. 이를 현재 원전발전단가 39.11 원/kWh에 반영하면 43.86 원/kWh으로 석탄화력 발전원가 67 원/kWh과 비교해 여전히 경쟁력이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 2013년 말 수립예정인 제2차 에너지기본계획[1] 등에 기초자료로 중요한 정책적 시사점을 가져다 줄 것이다.

• 한국가구학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.334-345
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• 2015

The social design, which appeared at the end of the 19th century, is getting attention along with problems in modern society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze several cases of social furniture designs, and to present its necessity and future direction. It classifies the cases of furniture, lighting and design project regarding social design into three types. First is furniture design for social minority. Second is sustainable design, and third is social design that delivers social message. The expected effects of social design are cost-efficiency, sociality, and environment-friendliness. Also, social design requires certain direction which is first; the designer should recognize the minorities in the world. Second, the designer is obliged to accomplish social mission, and last, he or she should be aware that the design creates added values.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38B권11호
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• pp.934-936
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• 2013

A routing scheme for a group of mobile users for wireless ad-hoc networks is presented. The proposed scheme mines social activity patterns from wireless traces, and exploits social user group for efficient data routing among users based on a data publish approach. Simulation results based on real-world wireless traces show that our routing scheme reduces routing cost for a large mobile user group with a factor of 1.8 compared to a baseline counterpart.