• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.31-58
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• 2018

In this study, we empirically investigated the antecedents of crowdfunding success in the arts and cultural field using the case of Tumblbug in Korea. We collected data on 494 projects listed on Tumblebug in the arts and culture category that includes feature film, documentary, short film, animation, and Web series, as of June 2018. We analyzed the factors associated with the final amount raised via crowdfunding on Tumblbug using the hierarchical regression method. We find that the social capital accumulated by a focal entrepreneur (i.e., the proposer/designer of a focal project) through prior participation in other related projects and social communication activities carried out during the funding period, respectively, have positive effects on the final amount raised. More interestingly, we also find that the intensity of social communication plays a central role in the funding success of arts and culture-related projects by supplementing the lack of the entrepreneur's social capital and the reward features including a given project.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.43-59
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• 2019

The promotion of social economy is one of the Korean government's top 100 initiatives. As of August 2019, there are 2,249 certified social enterprises in Korea, showing explosive growth with a 41-fold increase from 2007 when the Social Enterprise Promotion Act was first enacted. Currently, the discussion of the sustainability of social-economic organizations is lively, including the issue of changing the certification system to the registration system. Noting the unusual management structure of social enterprise - seeking both social and economic value, this study identifies factors affecting the performance of social enterprises. The study focuses on an empirical investigation of the relationships between characteristics of entrepreneurs' experiences in social economy, strategic competency, the extent to which they seek social value, and their performance. This study is unique in social enterprise research due to its approach to the hybrid management structure of social enterprise with a focus on entrepreneurs' characteristics. Accordingly, this empirical investigation focuses on how social-value seeking mediates the relationships between strategic competency emphasized in typical for-profit enterprises, the characteristics of experiences stressed in social-economic organizations, and the performance of social enterprises. The study findings suggest that, firstly, social entrepreneurs must seek social value as a top priority and improve economic performance using strategic competency to keep pursuing social value, and secondly, social-value seeking must be founded upon entrepreneurs' understanding and experiences in social economy. Practical implications of the study findings include concrete directions for training in social enterprises offered by relevant agencies and the establishment of competency models for current and future entrepreneurs.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.13-36
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• 2018

In the age of aging society and the difficulties of reemployment environment, senior entrepreneur is increasing as an alternative to solve individual economic problems. However, the survival rate is very low after establishment. This study is a study on the effect of senior's entrepreneurial competency on entrepreneurial intention, and analyzed the relationship between entrepreneurial competency, experience, funding competency, marketing competency, and social support and entrepreneurial intention. For this purpose, we surveyed the potential founders of seniors and used a total of 433 copies. The results of the study are as follows. First, the higher the entrepreneurial competency, in other words, the higher the individual experience, financing competency, and marketing competency, the higher the entrepreneurial intention. Second, social support did not show a significant relationship between entrepreneurial competency and entrepreneurial intention. Based on the results of this study, the following implications were derived. For a successful senior entrepreneur, it is necessary to strengthen the entrepreneurial competency and start the business, and in order to cultivate these entrepreneurial competency, entrepreneurial education is needed more widely.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.21-32
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• 2021

The government is focusing its attention and support on start-ups. Nevertheless, there is anxiety and fear about starting a business at the base of public awareness. Experienced as a way to overcome fear and difficulty. Few prior studies have been done on experience factors as ones influencing entrepreneurial intention. In this study, I studied whether the experience of successful entrepreneurship through cultural indirect experience affect the resolution of fear about establishing a business. Among the influencing factors on the entrepreneurial intention, business motivation, social support and awareness of entrepreneur were selected as independent variables. In addition, by applying the cultivation theory, the drama role models were set as a controlling variable. For empirical analysis, a survey was conducted targeting 399 ordinary persons. The hypothesis was tested through regression analysis using the SPSS 23 statistical package. The moderating effect was analyzed using Process Macro 3.5. Self-fulfillment, livelihood, economic motivation, social support, and awareness of entrepreneur are sub-factors of business motivation, And all of these had a positive significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. Among the significant variables, self-fulfillment was found to have the greatest effect. On the other hand, as a result of analyzing the moderating effect of the drama role model, it was found play a role in controlling between self-fulfillment and entrepreneurial intention, between livelihood and entrepreneurial intention, and between awareness of entrepreneur and entrepreneurial intention. Based on these research results, academic and practical implications were presented.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.15-35
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• 2023

Considerable agreement exists about the importance of promoting entrepreneurship in both developed and developing countries. In less developed countries, governments see entrepreneurship as a way to stimulate economic development and tackle serious economic and social challenges. So how can countries encourage young people to become entrepreneurs? Research confirms that intentions play an important role in the decision to start a new firm and many factors influence that intentions. The purpose of the study was to investigate the antecedents to entrepreneurship behavior with particular attention to moderating role of social support and entrepreneur self-efficacy. The study covered 116 business students of undergraduate and post graduate level studying under different universities in Kathmandu, Nepal. The questionnaire for data collection was distributed in college groups via WhatsApp and viber with the support and permission from the college administration. The study design used was correlational with a sampling procedure of convenience. The study only showed the impact of attitude to entrepreneurship behavior as well as moderating effect of social support was also observed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.213-230
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• 2014

Increasing unemployment rate and creation of new jobs are most important issues around the world recently. Then many developed countries, including Republic of Korea, establish and enforce a variety of start-up activation policies to increase employment rate and boom up the national economy. Establishing linkage of entrepreneurship motivation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intention and firm performance, focusing on potential entrepreneurs and entrepreneur, it could provide personalized and targeted entrepreneurial policy programs to increase entrepreneurship, because entrepreneurship is the most important factor to activate startups. On this study, it established factors of entrepreneurial motivation on potential entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs, and analyzed the linkage of factors of entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intention(potential entrepreneurs) and firm performance(entrepreneurs). For analysis, this study conducted descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, factor analysis to verify validity, correlation analysis, and regression to analyze influence between factors. Potential entrepreneurs group has 202 samples, and findings show self-efficacy, social network, economic status and government policy influence on entrepreneurship positively. And self-efficacy, startup education, economic status and government policy have a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention, too. Entrepreneurs group has 212 samples, and findings show self-efficacy, social network and economic status influence on entrepreneurship. And each linkage has a positive effect, that self-efficacy - financial and non-financial performance, startup education - financial and technological performance, social network - financial performance, economic status - financial and non-financial performance, and government policy - financial and technological performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.139-149
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to contribute to the minimization of the social cost due to the insolvency by improving the success rate of the startups by providing useful information to the founders and the start-up support institutions through analysis of non-financial information affecting the failure of the startups. This study is aimed at entrepreneurs. The entrepreneurs that are defined by the credit guarantee institutions generally refer to entrepreneurs within 5 years of establishment. The data used in the study are sampled from the companies that were supported by the start-up guarantee from January 2014 to December 2013 as the end of December 2017. The total number of sampled firms is 2,826, 2,267 companies (80.2%), and 559 non-performing companies (19.8%). The non-financial information of the entrepreneur was divided into the entrepreneur characteristics information, the entrepreneur characteristics information, the entrepreneur asset information and the entrepreneur 's credit information, and cross-tabulations and logistic regression analysis were conducted. As a result of cross-tabulations, univariate analysis showed that personal credit rating, presence in the industry, presence of residential housing, presence of employees, and presence of financial statements were selected as significant variables. As a result of the logistic regression analysis, three variables such as personal credit rating, occupation in the industry, and presence of residential house were found to be important factors affecting the failure of founding companies. This result shows the importance of entrepreneur 's personal credibility and experience and entrepreneur' s assets in business management. The start-up support institutions should reflect these results in the entrepreneur 's credit evaluation system, and the entrepreneurs need training on the importance of the personal credit and the management plan in the entrepreneurial education. The results of this analysis will contribute to the minimization of the incapacity of startups by providing useful non-financial information to founders and start-up support organizations.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.97-109
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• 2017

Purpose - This study aimed to investigate the effect of entrepreneurial temperament (ET) such as innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness in entrepreneur's lifetime before start-up and the effect of social capital (SC) such as network ties and trustworthiness on entrepreneurial intention. Research design, data, and methodology - We examined the components of ET (innovativeness, risk-taking, and proactiveness) and components of SC (network ties and trustworthiness) through existing prior research and investigated the factors that affected entrepreneurial intention. The first hypothesis of this study was that entrepreneurial temperament will have a significant impact on network ties of social capital, and the second hypothesis assumed that entrepreneurial temperament will have a significant effect on the trustworthiness of social capital. Finally, the second hypothesis assumed that social capital will have a significant impact on entrepreneurial intentions. We collected 175 data using questionnaires for people who have not yet started a start-up. And we used the Structure Equation Modeling (SEM) to evaluate the collected data and to test the research model by the two step research procedure. Results - As a result, the innovativeness and proactiveness of ET have a significant effect on network ties and trustworthiness of SC, but the effect of risk-taking on risk-taking of SC is not significant. On the other hand, network ties and network ties of SC was revealed a significant effect on the EI. Conclusions - The implications of this article could be observed as mentioned in this paper. First, we found that entrepreneurial innovativeness and proactiveness are helpful in constructing SCs, but not risk-taking. These results demonstrated that ET of entrepreneurs is important factor in the formation of social capital. Second, the SC that an entrepreneur built before the start-up has a meaning for EI. In conclusion, ET was affected partially to EI mediated SC. It is academic in that ET and SC are independent from each other and have a mediating role between ET and EI, unlike those directly affecting EI. Although some important implications were found in this study, this study had some limitations and we hope that future research will be complemented.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.107-115
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• 2021

Currently, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are accounting for about 98% of the total number of enterprises in Vietnam. Each year, SMEs create over one million new jobs, utilize up to 51% of the labor force in the society, and contribute more than 40% of GDP to the country. The study aims to analyze factors affecting the management competency of directors in small and medium enterprises in Vietnam. To achieve these research objectives, quantitative and qualitative methods were used concurrently. 300 questionnaires were sent out, but only 276 were collected and used for the quantitative analysis through SPSS 20.0 software. Cronbach's Alpha, EFA, and regression were used to further confirm the research findings. The research findings show that all four proposed factors have impacts on the management competency of SME directors, among which enterprise features and specific policies for entrepreneur development in the locality have the strongest impacts, followed by personal features and business environment. The findings of this study suggest that managers need to focus on factors affecting the management competency of directors. This paper also provides new insight into the management competency of directors. Based on the findings, some recommendations are given for SMEs to improve management competency.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.83-98
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• 2022

As the complexity of social problems and interdependency increased significantly, research on social entrepreneurship(SEship) increased rapidly. In this study, systematic approaches(bibliometrics analysis, citation network analysis, and keyword network analysis) were performed to identify research trends in business administration. To this end, keywords of 883 SEship papers published in prominent journals in the SCOPUS database were collected to investigate the existing research flow. The results of this study can be helpful for grasping the perspective of scholars in the business administration on SEship research and determining research topics through understanding related concepts.