• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.581-590
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• 2022

본 연구의 목적은 2020년 3월 22일부터 4월 19일까지 실시된 강력한 사회적 거리두기 캠페인의 사회경제적 특성별 차이를 분석하는 것이다. 본 연구는 캠페인 시행이 끝난 직후인 2020년 5월 13일~5월 19일에 온라인리서치 회사인 Embrain을 통해 실시된 온라인 설문조사를 사용하였다. 표본은 전국의 19세 이상 70세 미만 성인 1,117명으로 구성되었다. 6가지 사회적 거리두기 지침은 불필요한 모임의 연기 또는 취소, 외출자제, 개인위생수칙 준수, 아프면 집에서 쉬기, 2미터 거리두기, 주변 소독과 환기 등 6가지 수칙이 포함되어 있었다. 전체 항목의 준수율을 10점 척도로 정의하였다. 다변량 회귀분석 결과 주택유형과 근로형태가 사회적 거리두기 점수와 유의한 관련성이 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 사회경제적 취약계층에 대한 맞춤형의 캠페인 개발이 요구됨을 알 수 있다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제37권6_1호
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• pp.1647-1656
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• 2021

한국은 코로나19로 인한 감염전파를 줄이기 위해 4단계의 사회적 거리두기 기준을 설정하고 확진자 발생 비율을 기준으로 단계를 전환하여 시행하고 있다. 이러한 사회적 거리두기는 사람들의 이동 및 모임 등 사회적 접촉을 제한함으로써 시민들의 활동량에 변화를 가져왔다. 이를 직관적으로 확인할 수 있는 데이터 중 하나가 Night Time Light (NTL)이다. NTL은 인공위성에 포착된 불빛을 활용해 측정한 국가경제규모를 측정할 수 있는 변수로, 야간동안 사람의 사회 활동을 파악하는데 활용할 수 있다. NTL 자료는 수오미 위성(Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership, S-NPP)에 탑재된 센서인 Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS)에 포함된 Day-Night Band (DNB)를 통해 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구는 2019년 1월 5일부터 2021년 10월 26일까지 1023개의 Suomi 자료를 수집하고, 서울의 NTL 변화를 시계열로 생성하여 사회적 거리두기 단계와의 상관관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과 사회적 거리두기의 단계가 높아질수록 NTL의 공간적, 시간적 변화가 모두 감소된 것으로 나타났다. 이는 더 높은 단계의 사회적 거리두기 정책이 실행됨에 따라 야간 시간대의 상업 활동 및 모임 인원제한 등과 같은 사회적 활동의 제한이 실제로 서울의 NTL 감소에 영향을 준 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 본 연구는 향후 코로나19 관련 정부의 정책을 평가하고 개선하기 위한 참고자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1953-1972
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• 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a profound impact on large-scale gatherings throughout the world. Social distancing has become one of the most common measures to restrict the spread of the novel Coronavirus. Islamic pilgrimage attracts millions of pilgrims to Saudi Arabia annually. One of the mandatory rituals of pilgrimage is the symbolic stoning of the devil. Every pilgrim is required to perform this ritual within a specified time on three days of pilgrimage. This ritual is prone to congestion due to strict spatiotemporal requirements. We propose a pedestrian simulation model for implementing social distancing in the stoning ritual. An agent-based simulation is designed to analyze the impact of inter-queue and intra-queue spacing between adjacent pilgrims on the throughput and congestion during the stoning ritual. After analyzing several combinations of intra-queue and inter-queue spacings, we conclude that 25 queues with 1.5 meters of intra-queue spacing result in an optimal combination of throughput and congestion. The Ministry of Hajj in Saudi Arabia may benefit from these findings to manage and plan pilgrimage more effectively.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.332-341
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• 2023

Notable trends in the restaurant start-up market after the lifting of social distancing include increasing interest in start-ups, emphasizing the importance of food quality and diversity, decreasing the relative importance of delivery services, and increasing interest in certain industries. The data collection period is three years from April 2021 to May 2023, including before and after social distancing, and texts extracted from blogs, news, cafes, web documents, and intellectuals provided by Naver, Daum, and Google were collected. For the collected data, the top 30 words were derived through a refining process. In addition, based on April 2021, the application period of social distancing, data from April 2021 to April 2022, and data from May 2022 to May 2023, Through these changes in trends, founders can capture new opportunities in the market and develop start-up strategies. In conclusion, this paper provides important insights for founders in accurately understanding the changes in food service start-up trends and in developing strategies appropriate to the current market situation.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2023

Due to the implementation of COVID-19 distancing, interest and users in 'home training' are rapidly increasing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the perception of 'home training' through big data analysis on social media channels and provide basic data to related business sector. Social media channels collected big data from various news and social content provided on Naver and Google sites. Data for three years from March 22, 2020 were collected based on the time when COVID-19 distancing was implemented in Korea. The collected data included 4,000 Naver blogs, 2,673 news, 4,000 cafes, 3,989 knowledge IN, and 953 Google channel news. These data analyzed TF and TF-IDF through text mining, and through this, semantic network analysis was conducted on 70 keywords, big data analysis programs such as Textom and Ucinet were used for social big data analysis, and NetDraw was used for visualization. As a result of text mining analysis, 'home training' was found the most frequently in relation to TF with 4,045 times. The next order is 'exercise', 'Homt', 'house', 'apparatus', 'recommendation', and 'diet'. Regarding TF-IDF, the main keywords are 'exercise', 'apparatus', 'home', 'house', 'diet', 'recommendation', and 'mat'. Based on these results, 70 keywords with high frequency were extracted, and then semantic indicators and centrality analysis were conducted. Finally, through CONCOR analysis, it was clustered into 'purchase cluster', 'equipment cluster', 'diet cluster', and 'execute method cluster'. For the results of these four clusters, basic data on the 'home training' business sector were presented based on consumers' main perception of 'home training' and analysis of the meaning network.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

사회적 거리두기로 인해 산업적 침체기를 맞이한 공연산업계는 대부분의 공연이 취소 및 무기한 연기되면서 관련 종사자들이 생계에 큰 위협을 받았다. 계속되는 침체기를 극복하기 위해 온라인공연 플랫폼이 대안으로 제시되면서 사회적 거리두기를 준수하면 공연을 지속적으로 운영할 수 있는 유일한 방법으로 주목받았다. 온라인으로 진행되었던 공연사례들을 3가지 항목으로 분류하여, 문화수요 공급을 위한 무료 공연사례, 영상매체를 통한 유료 공연사례, 지상파 방송을 통한 공연사례로 분류하여 사례를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 누구나 사용할 수 있고 일정 수준의 완성도를 보장하는 온라인공연 플랫폼이 상용화가 되어야 할 것으로 분석되었다, 현재의 첨단 기술이 도입된 대형 엔터테인먼트의 공연 제작비는 영세한 예술인들이 감당할 수 없는 상황이다. 그러므로 온라인공연의 프로그램 상용화를 통해 예술인들의 공연 생활에 조금이나마 도움이 되길 바란다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제53권6호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2020

Objectives: The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effects of community-based social distancing interventions after the first coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) case in Turkey on the course of the pandemic and to determine the number of prevented cases. Methods: In this ecological study, the interventions implemented in response to the first COVID-19 cases in Turkey were evaluated and the effect of the interventions was demonstrated by calculating the effective reproduction number (R_t) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coro navirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) when people complied with community-based social distancing rules. Results: Google mobility scores decreased by an average of 36.33±22.41 points (range, 2.60 to 84.80) and a median of 43.80 points (interquartile range [IQR], 24.90 to 50.25). The interventions caused the calculated R_t to decrease to 1.88 (95% confidence interval, 1.87 to 1.89). The median growth rate was 19.90% (IQR, 10.90 to 53.90). A positive correlation was found between Google mobility data and R_t (r=0.783; p<0.001). The expected number of cases if the growth rate had not changed was predicted according to Google mobility categories, and it was estimated to be 1 381 922 in total. Thus, community-based interventions were estimated to have prevented 1 299 593 people from being infected. Conclusions: Community-based social distancing interventions significantly decreased the R_t of COVID-19 by reducing human mobility, and thereby prevented many people from becoming infected. Another important result of this study is that it shows health policymakers that data on human mobility in the community obtained via mobile phones can be a guide for measures to be taken.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2021

Background: To fight the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many countries have implemented social distancing and lockdowns. We investigated the changes in the trauma patterns of emergency plastic surgeries in the midst of a pandemic. Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of all patients treated for emergency plastic surgeries was performed at our hospital in Seoul. We conducted the analysis between March 1 and June 30, 2020, and compared the data obtained with that of the same period in 2019. We also investigated changes in trauma patterns according to the social distancing level from July 2020 to February 2021. Results: There was a total of 800 emergency plastic surgery patients from March to June 2020, which was less than the 981 in the corresponding period in 2019. The proportion of patients aged 7-17 years and ≥ 80 in 2020 showed a significant decrease. In 2020, patients presenting with facial trauma decreased and hand trauma, markedly laceration, increased significantly. In 2020, more injuries happened at home, whereas significantly fewer injuries happened on the streets. In 2020, slipping and sports injury decreased, whereas penetrating injury increased significantly. In the changes observed according to the social distancing level, there were significant differences in age classification, facial open wound, and the mechanism of injury. Conclusion: Social distancing has caused a change in emergency plastic surgeries. To ensure safe and appropriate treatment, strict epidemiologic workup and protective equipment are required.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify changes in physical activity, sleep quality, and quality of life (QOL) during COVID-19 in adults by age group. Methods: An online survey was conducted on a total of 160 participants who were divided into three groups by age; young adults, middle-aged adults, and old adults. The participants responded to the self-reported assessment of the impact of social distancing during COVID-19, International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF36). Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation were used for data analysis. Results: There were significant differences between the three age groups in physical activity (p<0.05) and PSQI (p<0.01) and a post hoc analysis showed that the young adults' group had significantly higher physical activity than the old adults' group, while the old adults' group had significantly lower scores of PSQI (better sleep quality) than the others. The young adults' group showed a significant negative correlation between the stress from social distancing and QOL (r=-0.27, p<0.05) and between PSQI and QOL (r=-0.48, p<0.05). For the middle-aged adults' group, there was a significant negative correlation between PSQI and QOL (r=-0.53, p<0.05). The old adults' group showed a significant negative correlation between the stress from social distancing and physical activity (r=-0.35, p<0.05) and PSQI (r=-0.50, p<0.05), while there was a significant positive correlation between physical activity and PSQI (r=0.30, p<0.05) and QOL (r=0.30, p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study could be used as basic data for the promotion of physical and mental health in the post-COVID-19 era.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.464-475
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the mediating effects of depression amid the influence of fear and social distancing arising from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Korean women's suicidal ideation. Methods: A descriptive correlation study was conducted. Study participants, recruited by Hankook Research from March 2 to March 5, 2021, included 300 women aged 19 to 49 living in South Korea, and 100 people were randomly allocated and enlisted for each age group out of 700,000 Hankook Research Panels recruited in advance from 17 cities and provinces nationwide. Data were collected through a self-reported questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Hayes' Process Macro Model 4 with 95% bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval via SPSS statistics 27.0. Results: Suicidal ideation was significantly correlated with fear of COVID-19 (r = .16, p = .006) and depression (r = .65, p < .001). The mediation effect of depression in the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and suicidal ideation was found to be significant (B = 0.40, boot 95% CI: 0.21~0.61). However, social distancing did not significantly affect suicidal ideation via depression (B = - 0.79, boot 95% CI: - 1.94~0.26). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop and apply interventions to prevent depression and suicidal behaviors by continuously observing and reducing the negative psychological responses caused by COVID-19.