• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2016

Social Media transformed the mass media based information traffic, and it has become a key resource for finding value in enterprises and public institutions. Particularly, in regards to disaster management, the necessity for public participation policy development through the use of social media is emphasized. National Disaster Management Research Institute developed the Social Big Board, which is a system that monitors social Big Data in real time for purposes of implementing social media disaster management. Social Big Board collects a daily average of 36 million tweets in Korean in real time and automatically filters disaster safety related tweets. The filtered tweets are then automatically categorized into 71 disaster safety types. This real time tweet monitoring system provides various information and insights based on the tweets, such as disaster issues, tweet frequency by region, original tweets, etc. The purpose of using this system is to take advantage of the potential benefits of social media in relations to disaster management. It is a first step towards disaster management that communicates with the people that allows us to hear the voice of the people concerning disaster issues and also understand their emotions at the same time. In this paper, Korean language text mining based Social Big Board will be briefly introduced, and disaster issue detection model, which is key algorithms, will be described. Disaster issues are divided into two categories: potential issues, which refers to abnormal signs prior to disaster events, and occurrence issues, which is a notification of disaster events. The detection models of these two categories are defined and the performance of the models are compared and evaluated.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.47-63
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• 2020

본 연구는 한국인의 사회재난에 대한 위험인식 수준이 정부에 대한 신뢰에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 사회재난 유형에 따른 재난위험 인식 수준 차이와 사회재난 위험인식 수준이 정부신뢰에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 예비조사에서 위험성 정도가 높은 3개 사회재난 유형(조류독감, 미세먼지, 핵발전소)을 추출하였으며, 본 조사는 20세 이상 한국인 성인 남녀 1,109명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 분석결과, 첫째, 사회재난 인식 수준은 사회재난 유형에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 사회재난에 대한 자발성, 개인적 지식, 친숙도, 심각성, 두려움, 회복가능성 위험은 정부신뢰에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회재난에 대한 지연성 위험 인식은 정부신뢰에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 사회재난에 대한 과학적 지식, 통제가능성, 치명성, 발현시기 위험 인식은 정부신뢰에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론에서는 본 연구의 시사점 및 한계점을 서술하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2023

Social interest in disasters is a significant factor in shaping disaster management policies, enabling the enhancement of disaster safety management and prevention activities according to the specific needs of society. However, in the past, there were limits to measuring which disasters society was particularly interested in. Hence, in this study, a method of measuring social interest using news data was devised. Specifically, we classifed news reports into natural and social disasters, creating a comprehensive Social Interest Index (SII) on disasters covering from 2011 to 2021. Additionally, we quantitatively compared the SII with budgets allocated to disaster-related efforts. Our primary findings are as follows: First, our methodology not only distinguishes natural disasters from social disasters but also identifies emerging areas of societal concern. Second, in recent years (2014-2021), social disasters gained more attention than natural disasters. Third, the disaster safety budget accounted for approximately 3.5% of Korea's total budget, closely paralleling the SII we measured. However, exceptions were noted in cases such as heavy snow, cold waves, and heat waves, where the SII remained high, but the disaster safety budget was relatively low, indicating potential outliers. The findings of this research are projected to contribute to the improvement of national disaster management policies by providing a quantitative measure of social interest in disaster, enabling more informed and effective policy decisions.

• Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.249-267
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• 2014

Social media is being increasingly utilized in disaster relief work to identify safety issues, locate displaced-victims, and seek or provide support for those who need help. The presence of social media in disaster management has changed significantly in recent years, as it was not prevalent in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, but had become a powerful force in the 2013 Ya'an earthquake. This paper discusses the development of social media in disaster management via making a comparison between how it functioned in the two earthquakes. It examines the following aspects: who are the stakeholders that use social media in the earthquake management; how do they adopt this means in response to the earthquakes; and what are the outcomes of adopting social media with regards to public engagement and collaboration in an emergency event. As Sina Weibo acts as the equivalent of China's Twitter, the methodology relies on an analysis of posts in Weibo. The outcomes primarily show that: (1) authorities, celebrities and the public actively adopted social media for the purpose of information dissemination and resource mobilization; and (2) social media users are both content consumers and content generators in the times of earthquakes. The study concludes that social media as a backchannel communication tool is helpful for government institutions, corporations, and nonprofit organizations to build relationships with their stakeholders in the disaster management cycle. The result will interest academics and emergency management practitioners who are concerned with improving disaster communication.

• 한국방재안전학회논문집
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2016

국민안전처에서 발행하는 재난연감에 의하면 교통사고 화재 붕괴등 사회재난을 23가지로 분류하고 있다. 과거 재난은 주로 태풍 가뭄등 자연의 영향으로 발생한 반면 사회가 도시 중심으로 집중됨에 따라 사회재난의 종류와 빈도, 규모는 점점 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 그러나 이러한 사회재난이 가지고 있는 위해성이 어느 정도인지 객관적으로 판단할 수 있는 구체적인 기준과 평가방법이 없는 상태이다. 따라서 본 연구는 주요 사회재난 중 교통사고, 화재사고, 붕괴사고를 대상으로 최근 8년간 발생한 빈도, 인명피해규모, 재산피해규모에 관한 데이터를 활용하여 3차원 공간좌표상의 두 점간의 거리(유클리드거리)로써 재난위해지수를 산정하여 사회재난의 유형별 정량적인 평가가 가능하도록 하였다. 이 결과를 활용하여 주요 사회재난 유형별 위해성 순위를 정량적으로 평가할 수 있어 국가 재난관리체계 구축 시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 기술혁신연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.103-122
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• 2007

This paper examines the social development process of technological innovation for national emergency management. There are relatively few studies on how technological innovations are developed and deployed within social context. This paper investigates innovation processes within social contexts and the role of innovation actors such as citizens, government, and private sector. The the Real-time Disaster Management System (RDMS) is an innovation for citizens to transmit digital images and video clips on disaster toward professional organizations to respond to disasters. This case shows how an innovation in disaster management was developed by social interactions, how open innovation mechanism was deployed, and how end-users involved in innovation processes for disaster management. Finally this paper suggests implications to accelerate innovations for social welfare and social change.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.609-621
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• 2022

연구목적: 자연재난은 행정안전부가 재난관리 주관기관으로 관리체계가 잘 구성되어 있는 반면에 사회재난은 그 관리가 부처별로 분산되어 있어 통합적인 관점의 관리가 부실한 상태이다. 통합적 관리를 위한 정보체계 구성과 플랫폼 개발을 통하여 지자체 등에서 활용할 수 있게 하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 연구방법: 각 부처별로 분산된 재난 정보로 사고조사 보고서(비정형 데이터)를 포함한 재난 정보를 통합하고 분석할 수 있는 DB 구축과, 인명 피해 중심의 사회 재난에 대한 위험성 평가를 통한 재난 관리체계를 제공하고, 실시간으로 제공되는 사고 진행에 대한 인명 피해 예측과 사고 원인 추론 체계를 제시한다. 연구결과: 정형 및 비정형 재난 정보를 관리하는 시스템 설계, 인명중심 사회재난 위험성 평가 방법 제시, 그리고 실시간 재난 모니터링을 통하여 분석할 수 있는 체계 설계, 그리고 이를 기반으로 서비스할 수 있는 플랫폼을 설계하였다. 결론: 사회재난 정보를 통합 운영할 수 있는 플랫폼과 사고조사를 통한 인명피해 원인과 위험도를 제시하는 체계를 구축하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2023

As the diversity of disasters continues to increase, the concept of "complex disasters" has gained prominence in various policies and studies related to disaster management. However, there has been a certain limitation in the availability of the systematic statistics or data in advancing policies and research initiatives related to complex disasters. This study aims to analyze the macro-level characteristics of the complex disasters that have occurred domestically utilizing a 30-year span of a news data. Initially, we categorize the complex disasters into the three types: "Natural disaster-Natural disaster", "Natural disaster-Social disaster", and "Social disaster-Social disaster". As a result, the "natural diaster-social disaster" type is the most prevalent. It is noted that "natual disaster-natural disaster" type has increased significantly in recent 10 years (2011-2020). In terms of specific disaster types, "Storm and Flood", "Collapse", "Traffic Accident", "National Infrastructure Paralysis", and "Fire⋅Explosion" occur the most in conjunction with other disasters in a complex manner. It has been observed that the types of disasters co-ocuuring with others have become more diverse over time. Parcicularly, in recent 10 years (2011-2020), in addition to the aforementioned five types, "Heat Wave", "Heavy Snowfall⋅Cold Wave", "Earthquake", "Chemical Accident", "Infectious Disease", "Forest Fire", "Air Pollution", "Drought", and "Landslide" have been notable for their frequent co-occurrence with other disasters. These findings through the statistical analysis of the complex disasters using long-term news data are expected to serve as crucial data for future policy development and research on complex disaster management.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.249-260
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 사회재난에 관한 효과적인 대응방안 검토를 위하여 ICT기술을 활용하는 방안에 대한 설문조사 결과를 소개한다. 일반인 146명과 행정 및 소방 공무원 55명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시한 결과, 일반응답자의 87%는 현재의 사회재난 대응시스템에 문제가 있다고 답했으며, 82%는 ICT기술이 사회재난 저감에 효과를 발휘할 것이라고 응답했다. 또한 공무원의 경우 ICT기술의 필요성 및 기대효과에 대한 조사에서 재난대응을 위한 필요정보로서 지리정보 및 시설물정보가 높게 조사되었다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2016

People use social media platforms such as Twitter to leave traces of their personal thoughts and opinions. In other words, social media platforms retain the emotions of the people as it is, and accurately understanding the emotions of the people through social media will be used as a significant index for disaster management. In this research, emotion type modeling method and emotional quotient quantification method will be proposed to understand the emotions present in social media platforms. Emotion types are primarily analyzed based on 3 major emotions of affirmation, caution, and observation. Then, in order to understand the public's emotional progress according to the progress of disaster or accident and government response in detail, negative emotions are broken down into anxiety, seriousness, sadness, and complaint to enhance the analysis. Ultimately, positive emotions are further broken down into 3 more emotions, and Russell emotion model was used as a reference to develop a model of 8 primary emotions in order to acquire an overall understanding of the public's emotions. Then, the emotional quotient of each emotion was quantified. Based on the results, overall emotional status of the public is monitored, and in the event of a disaster, the public's emotional fluctuation rate could be quantitatively observed.