• Title/Summary/Keyword: Social Development Model

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Effect of Perceived Relational Supports on Entrepreneurial Motivation of Korean and Chinese University Students: Focused on mediating role of self-efficacy (지각된 관계적 지원이 한·중 대학생의 기업가적 동기에 미치는 영향: 자기효능감의 매개효과를 중심으로)

  • Yang, Jun Hwan
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2015
  • Strong ties such as family members, relatives and close friends have been widely acknowledged as a vital factor when a potential entrepreneur attempts to initiate entrepreneurial activity. Recent theoretical arguments focus that family social capital, a form of social capital, that is embedded in family relationships can contribute to venture creation as well as to the development of competitive advantage for established firms. Meantime, there have been arguments that the most dominant single entrepreneurial ethnic group in the world is the Chinese people, while the People's Republic of China is widely recognized as fast growing economic power that is driven by entrepreneurial ventures in a large scale. This study tests the effect of perceived relational supports typically being provided by family members, close relatives and friends on forming self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation of university students by using samples collected from 4 Korean Universities(Wonkwang, Baekseok, Soongsil and Dankook university) and Guangzhou University in China. The mediating of self-efficacy was also tested to gain better understanding of the role of the variable. The results of the study suggest that 1) both self-efficacy and entrepreneurial motivation are influenced positively by the perceived relational supports, 2) self-efficacy of university students affects their entrepreneurial motivation positively, 3) self-efficacy is appeared to be mediated partially for China in between perceived relational supports and entrepreneurial motivation, but the same variable is exhibited a full mediation in the same path of the research model for Korea, which was a distinction between the students of two countries in this study. Discussion and practical implication on the results are provided.

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A Study on the Housing Adjustment in the First Half of Cho-Sun Dynasty - with special perspectives of microsociological approach - (조선전반기 가족의 주거조절에 관한 연구 - 미시사회학적 접근으로 -)

  • Hong, Hyung-Ock
    • Journal of architectural history
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    • v.2 no.1 s.3
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    • pp.25-41
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    • 1993
  • This study was made to analyze the housing adjustment phenomenon in the first half of Chosun Dynasty by applying Microsociological approach. By reviewing the housing adjustment theory of Morris and Winter, research model for the period was developed in terms of socioeconomic characteristics, normative housing deficit (=cultural norm-housing condition+family norm), constraints, behavioral propensities, and housing adjustment mechanism with the following results : 1. In the first half of Chosun Dynasty the size of the house, the house site and decorating items were specified by law (cultural norm) according to the social status. Although the law was constraints for the housing phenomenon, it was not applied universally. Frequantly the law was violated by the upper class. By the middle of the Dynasty the family norm became more important for the housing phenomenon than the cultural norm. 2. Efforts were made to practice the Confucianism as a cultural norm in the first half of Chosun Dynasty At that time Husband-Living-in-Wife's-House was more popular than Wife-Living-in-Husband's-House. Because the customs were against the Confucianism, the latter was encouraged by law. But it did not change. Instead a compromised system became popular in the middle of the Dynasty. The house shrine was practiced to increase the symbolism of the family, which, in turn, exerted influences in deciding the housing site (cultural norm). These cultural norm was not accepted as the family norm untill the second half of the Dynasty. These trends forced the man and woman use separate areas of the house, and formulated a hierarchic positions within a house. 3. It was shown that the settlement of Confucianism as a family norm was closely related to the popularization of the Ondol system in the house, which functioned as one of the behavioral propensities to encourage diversity of space for many purposes. Though the Ondol system was accepted as a useful heating system earlier, this became more popular in the middle of the Dynasty because the housing pattern with Ondol fitted very well with a large family system with patriarchism. Ondol system for one or two rooms substituted Ondol for all rooms in the second half of the Dynasty. 4. From the beginning of the Dynasty housing adjustment of the family was determined by the social status and by law (cultural norm). Within this cultural norm each family decided its adjustment mechanism according to its economic ability (family norm). Family norm was more important factor than the cultural norm to determine the micro-space pattern in the house. But this period witnessed the formations of new conditions by the ruling class's efforts to implement new ethics for hierarchy and sexual discrimination. According to these conditions the Confucianism overruled the family norm in the later period.

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Effects of Childcare Teachers' Stress Level and Health Status on Burnout (보육교사의 스트레스 수준, 건강상태가 소진에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeong, Jin-Ok;Pyo, Eun-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.347-356
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    • 2018
  • This study investigated the effects of childcare teachers' stress level and health status on burnout. We collected the data of 236 day care teachers who were working at day care facilities in the city and chose 220 after excluding improper responses. Data analysis was done using SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. The study results were as follows. The exhaustion of childcare teachers had a statistically significant positive correlation with stress levels, but a statistically significant negative correlation with health status. The description of the complete model was 47.6%(regulated $R^2=.476$) with psychological health(${\beta}=-.297$, p<.001), and social health(${\beta}=-.257$, p<.001), stress level(${\beta}=.247$, p<.001). Thus, reducing the exhaustion of childcare teachers will require the consistent development of a stress management program with the application of psychological and social health, as well as various institutional reforms on both governmental and civil levels and a search for practical solutions.

Analyses on the Relationship Between SNS use and Media use time using Structural Equation Modeling (SNS이용과 미디어 이용시간 간의 관계 분석 : 이용제한 및 대안활동을 매개변인으로)

  • Kim, Ju-Kyoung;Lee, Seong-Hee
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.14 no.7
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    • pp.395-406
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    • 2014
  • This research observes how an adolescent's usage of social network services is related with media use time, and also tries to verify how a parent's participation in acting to limit usage time serves as a mediating effect. For this analysis, data from The Korean Information Society Development Institute [Korea Media Panel Research] was used, being a survey conducted on 1,572 students from primary to secondary and high schools nationwide. The subjects' gender in the final analysis was 818 male students and 754 female students. In addition, primary school students consisted of 672 individuals, 416 were from secondary and 484 from high schools. To verify the appropriateness of the model proposed in this research, analyzed through the structural equation, using social network services(SNS) was not shown to have an effect on media usage time. However, there was an indirect effect from the use of alternative activities. In addition, the parent's limitation of usage showed no effect on media use time. This research attempts to identify the reasons why parents' limiting the usage time, along with alternative activities, do not have any significant effect in reducing media usage time in this era of smart media evolution. Further, this research hopes to suggest meaningful and political implications for the nation and society to understand and resolve media addiction.

The Development of Health Promotion Programs for Middle Aged Women (중년여성의 건강증진 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Cha, Young-Nam;Kim, Keum-Ja;Lim, Hye-Kyung;Jang, Hyo-Soon;Han, Hae-Sil
    • Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.5-20
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    • 1998
  • The purpose of this study was to develop health promotion programs for middle aged women and to identify the adaptability and the effectiveness of the program in order to provide a model for health promotion programs as a basis for nursing intervention. The research design was a quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control-group pretest -posttest design. The data were collected from October 30 to December 11, 1996. The study subjects were middle aged women residing in Chonju city, with ages from 40 to 59. The experimental group consisted of 42 subjects who were recruited through announcements of the local newspaper. The control group consisted of 49 subjects who were mothers of nursing college students. The health promotion program for middle aged women was based on the Bandura's self efficacy theory and Pender's heath promotion behavior theory consisting of exercise and heath diaries as performance accomplishments as well as education and group sessions as verbal persuasion and vicarious experiences. The study program was provided for 6 weeks, 3 hours a day per week. There was a pretest before the program and a posttest after the 6 week program. The instruments used for the study were a Self Efficacy Scale and a Health Promotion Behavior Scale developed by Park(1995). The data analysis was done by the use of a SPSS/PC. The study results were as follows: 1. In the analysis of the homogeneity between the experimental and control groups, there were significant differences in the socio-demographic characteristics, self efficacy and health promotion behavior. There were significant differences between the experimental and control groups in occupation, the number of children, and the status of involvement in social activities. 2. The first hypothesis, 'The level of self efficacy of the experimental group will be higher than that of the control group.' was supported(F=10.154, p=.002). The second hypothesis, 'The degree of health promotive behaviors in the experimental group will be higher than that of the control group.' was supported(F=17.349, p=.000). 3. There was a significant positive correlation between the self efficacy and the health promotion behaviors in pretest and posttests (pretest: r=.732, p=.000 ; posttest : r=.754, p=.000). 4. The significant variables for health promotion behaviors were religion(t= -1.97, p=.05), family income(F=4.85, p=.00), education level (F=6.38, p=.00) and involvement in social activities(t= -3.06, p=.00) in socio-demographic characteristics. In summary, a heath promotion program based on self efficacy theory has made an improvement on health promotion behaviors. Also, the results show that the higher the level of self efficacy, the better the health promotion is in middle aged women. The study has proved that nurses can provide nursing intervention for the improvement of health promotion in middle aged women through the adaptation of a program increasing the subject's self efficacy level.

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A study on the transitional process of clothes in modern Korean women (한국현대여성복식제도(韓國現代女性服飾制度)의 변천과정연구(變遷過程硏究))

  • Nam, Yun-Suk
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.14
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    • pp.99-117
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    • 1990
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the change of clothes in modem Korean women in terms of a socioeconomical background, the introduction to western clothes, and the improvement of clothes between the opening period of ports in the early 1900's and 1960's. In addition, the study investigated how western clothes became popular in a Korean society along with the traditional' Korean clothes, Hanbok. The radical social change since the opening of ports motivated the change in the way of Korean women's thinking, and consequenty the improvement of Hanbok which developed into the clothes-improvement-movement. It was not until 1905 that the improvement of clothes was hotly debated particularly in the matter of abolishing Jangeui and the extreme length of Jeogori and Chima. The Tongchima-Jeogori style which lengthened Jeogori and shortened Chima was widely accepted as everyday wear until the western clothes substituted them after the Independence from Japanese Conquest. As the length of Chima shortened, there occurred a change in Boson and Jipsin as well. There appeared shoes and Gomoosin in place of Jipsin, socks in stead of Boson and were popularized until after the Liberation in 1945. The popularity of Gomoosin diminished markedly with the diversification of shoes styles, due to the improvement of the standard of living with economic development in the 1960's. The traditional Hanbok was gradually differentiated according to the social status, for instance student, teachers, ordinary women, girls and Kisaeng. Especially since the white clothes caused much trouble in washing and sewing, there came into being the movement of wearing colorful clothes. The Movement of abolishing white clothes and promoting of wearing colorful clothes was enforced during the period of Japaness conquest from the 1920's to the Liberation, which consequently stimulated an interest for colors of clothes. The period under the war between 1937 and 1945 was especially noted for the extreme regulation over the clothes. The Japanese government forced each group of women, e.g., girl students, a young women's association, school teachers, and ordinary women and girls, to wear their own uniforms. Also, It recommended the use of Tongchima in stead of long skirts, and buttons in place of Coreum so as to conserve textile encouraging the use of other substitutes to save resources. The western clothes, a model of clothe's improvement was deemed as a symbol of modernization and enjoyed general popularity. The supply of relief clothes after the Korean war accelerated the expansion of western clothes even further and the trend of westernization along with economic progress in the 1960's resulted in wearing of western clothes as everyday dress. The expansion of western clothes as casual wear rapidly diminished wearing of Hanbok which in turn took the position of ceremonial dress worn in special cases only. Hence the Korean women's clothes were dualized into traditional Hanbok and western clothes and the western clothes that stems on its convenience was settled as everyday wear where as the Hanbok appeared as ceremonial dress stressing on ornamental features. As mentioned aboved, we are able to discovered an orientation in the course of transitional process of modern Korean women's clothes admist diversified changes, which is a consistent pursuit of convenience and practicality based upon progmatism. The trend such as this carne into a finale' as women's dress became dualistic in forms of Hanbok and western clothes, and the change since then is supposed to proceed in two forms of dress featuring its own style.

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Factors of Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Behaviors in Married Female Immigrants (여성 결혼이민자의 유방암과 자궁경부암 검진행위에 영향을 미치는 요인)

  • Choi, Na-Youn;Lee, Byoung-Sook
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.326-336
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    • 2015
  • This study intended to identify the factors of breast and cervical cancer screening behaviors in married female immigrants and provide information for the development of intervention programs to promote the behaviors. Pender's Health Promotion Model was the conceptual framework of this study. The subjects of this study were 157 female immigrants living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk area. It was found that 33.1% of subjects had mammography, 22.9% of them did breast self-examination, and 51% of them had cervical cancer screening test. The breast cancer screening behavior increased 1.25 times as the score of social support increased one point, 1.13 times as the score of perceived benefit increased one point, 3.58 times when the subjects had experiences of breast and cervical cancer education, and 1.24 times as the score of action plan increased one point. The cervical cancer screening behavior increased 2.89 times when the subjects had experiences of breast and cervical cancer education, and 1.23 times as the score of social support increased one point. However, the cervical cancer screening behavior decreased 0.82 times as the score of perceived barriers increased one point.

A Study on the Innovation Resistance Caused by Blockchain to the Shipping and Port Industry (해운항만산업의 블록체인 도입에 따른 혁신저항에 관한 연구)

  • Chang, Myung-Hee;Kim, Yun-Mi
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.121-146
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    • 2019
  • This study investigates the innovation resistance when blockchain technology is introduced for the shipping and port industry. For the development of a research model with suitable measures, we review and focus on innovation resistance factors with the blockchain technology derived from previous studies. In this research, we consider four factors (innovation characteristics, consumer characteristics, environmental characteristics, and cost characteristics) with innovation resistance as dependent variables. The innovation characteristics include relative benefits, complexity, and perceived risk. The consumer characteristics consider attitude toward existing products, innovation, and self-efficacy. Social impact variables are environmental characteristics and rationality of cost. In the statistical analysis, we set up eight hypotheses to test the significances between variables and find the following four empirical results. First, the relative advantage and the perceived risk have a significant effect on innovation characteristic, but the complexity of this characteristic has no significant effect on innovation resistance. Second, the rationality of cost has no significant effect on innovation resistance. Third, the attitude toward existing products has a positive effect and the innovation of the consumer characteristic has a negative effect on innovation resistance, while the self-efficacy has no significant effect. Finally, the social impact has a significant effect on innovation resistance to blockchain in the shipping and port industry.

A Study on Improvement of Hydrologic Cycle by Selection of LID Technology Application Area -in Oncheon Stream Basin- (LID 기술 적용 지역 선정에 따른 물순환 개선 연구 -온천천 유역을 대상으로-)

  • Kim, Jae-Moon;Baek, Jong-Seok;Shin, Hyun-Suk
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.545-553
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    • 2021
  • The frequency by water disaster in urban areas are increasing continuously due to climate change and urbanization. Countermeasures are being conducted to reduce the damage caused by water disasters. An analysis based on permeability, one of the parameters that affect runoff, is needed to predict quantitative runoff in urban watersheds and study runoff reduction. In this study, the SWAT model was simulated for the oncheon stream basin, a representative urban stream in Busan. The permeability map was prepared by calculating the CN values for each hydrologic response unit. Based on the permeability map prepared, EPA SWMM analyzed the effect of LID technology application on the water cycle in the basin for short-term rainfall events. The LID element technology applied to the oncheon stream basin was rooftop greening in the residential complex, and waterproof packaging was installed on the road. The land cover status of the land selected based on the permeability map and the application of LID technology reduced the outflow rate, peak flow rate, and outflow rate and increased the infiltration. Hence, LID technology has a positive effect on the water cycle in an urban basin.

Influence of Multidimensional Deprivation on the Latent Class of Changing Trajectories: Comparison by Gender Differences (다차원적 박탈이 문제음주 변화궤적의 잠재집단에 미치는 영향: 성별 차이 비교)

  • Lee, SooBi;Lee, Suyoung
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.278-291
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    • 2021
  • This study performed a longitudinal research on the causal relationship between multidimensionality of problem drinking and poverty, and multidimensional deprivation meaning the inequality, focusing on gender difference. For this, this study examined the latent group of problem drinking change trajectory through the latent class growth analysis targeting total 3,770 men and 5,632 women by using the 6th-year Korea Welfare Panel Study data from 2013 to 2018, and then conducted the multinominal logistic regression analysis to verify the influence of multidimensional deprivation factors on this latent group. The main results of this study are as follows. First, the latent group of problem drinking change trajectory according to gender was classified into three latent groups in both men and women while the development aspect was different from each other. The male latent group with 'moderate level' or higher showed higher level of problem drinking than women. However, in case of 'drinking group with high level' according to gender, as time passed, the men tended to maintain it while the women tended to increase it. Second, in the results of examining the effects of multidimensional deprivation on the latent group of problem drinking change trajectory, the men with more experiences of social deprivation and the women with more experiences of social security deprivation showed the higher possibility to belong to the 'drinking group with high level' compared to the 'drinking group with low level'. Based on such results above, this study discussed the preventive/intervention measures for problem drinking according to gender.