Journal of Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회지)

The Korea Port Economic Association (한국항만경제학회)
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A Study on the Innovation Resistance Caused by Blockchain to the Shipping and Port Industry

해운항만산업의 블록체인 도입에 따른 혁신저항에 관한 연구

  • 장명희 (한국해양대학교 해운경영학부) ;
  • 김윤미 (한국해양대학교 글로벌물류대학원 해운항만물류학과)
  • Received : 2019.11.23
  • Accepted : 2019.12.27
  • Published : 2019.12.31
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Abstract

This study investigates the innovation resistance when blockchain technology is introduced for the shipping and port industry. For the development of a research model with suitable measures, we review and focus on innovation resistance factors with the blockchain technology derived from previous studies. In this research, we consider four factors (innovation characteristics, consumer characteristics, environmental characteristics, and cost characteristics) with innovation resistance as dependent variables. The innovation characteristics include relative benefits, complexity, and perceived risk. The consumer characteristics consider attitude toward existing products, innovation, and self-efficacy. Social impact variables are environmental characteristics and rationality of cost. In the statistical analysis, we set up eight hypotheses to test the significances between variables and find the following four empirical results. First, the relative advantage and the perceived risk have a significant effect on innovation characteristic, but the complexity of this characteristic has no significant effect on innovation resistance. Second, the rationality of cost has no significant effect on innovation resistance. Third, the attitude toward existing products has a positive effect and the innovation of the consumer characteristic has a negative effect on innovation resistance, while the self-efficacy has no significant effect. Finally, the social impact has a significant effect on innovation resistance to blockchain in the shipping and port industry.

본 연구의 목적은 해운항만산업에서 블록체인을 도입할 때 발생하는 혁신저항에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 대한 실증연구를 하는 것이다. 본 연구의 목적 달성을 위해 기존의 연구를 통하여 블록체인 도입에 대한 혁신저항에 영향을 미치는 요인을 도출하여 모형을 구축하였다. 모형의 유효성을 검증하기 위하여 국내의 해운항만산업에 종사하고 있는 종사자들을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하고 통계분석을 통하여 모형을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서는 블록체인 도입에 따른 해운항만종사자들의 혁신저항에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 4가지 특성(혁신특성, 소비자 특성, 경제성, 사회적 영향)을 중심으로 변수들을 선택하였다. 혁신특성에 속하는 변수로는 상대적 이점, 복잡성, 인지된 위험이 포함되었고, 소비자 특성으로는 기존제품에 대한 태도, 혁신성, 자기효능감이 포함되었고, 경제성 변수로 비용의 합리성, 그리고 사회적 영향이 포함되었다. 이들 8가지 변수들이 혁신저항에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 8개의 가설을 PLS 3.0 분석을 통하여 검정하였다. 가설검정 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 혁신특성 변수들 중에서 상대적 이점과 인지된 위험은 혁신저항에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었지만, 복잡성은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 둘째, 소비자 특성에 속하는 변수들 중에서 기존 제품에 대한 태도와 혁신성은 혁신저항에 유의한 값을 보였지만, 자기효능감은 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 셋째, 비용의 합리성은 혁신저항에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 사회적 영향은 혁신저항에 영향을 미치는 결과를 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

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