• 산학경영연구
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• 제4권
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• pp.339-354
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• 1991

Araditionally, a business enterprise was a unit of individual economy which looked after it's own interesting. This business philosophy gave not only much wealth and advantages to the society but also caused many social problems, such as pollution, inferior goods, false advertisements, unreasonable packing and so on. Because of this criticism, it is necessary for us to fulfill the social responsibility of business and to make an accounts report about it. A business should examine itself that, for the long run, the philosophy, looking after its own interesting by means of unreasonable economical actions, is unfavorable to the business and be aware of the social responsibility of business. It is important that the business accounting should identifying, measuring and communicating on the former business actibities, but in order to help the persons interested in the business in the with their interests control and their appraising the degree of social contribution, its object should be the embodiment of social justice by giving the economic intelligences. We con get at the root of formation of corporate social accounting on this point, that it to say, we can lay it down that business activities deal with the affairs which are measured, reported, and appraised from the social view points. Givena definition of this corporate social accounting according to the general standard of business accounting. I think the persons interested in business can get useful accounting informations to make a reasonable decision from the social view points. Set forth the responsibility of accounting based on this, it is very meaningful to study in the social recognition.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2016

In this paper we discuss the terms "exo-spatial design," "solar carving," and "bridging" as strategies for creating more socially connective tall buildings. As a typology, high-rise residential buildings have a unique set of challenges to becoming fully activated urban participants in the cities in which they are located. While there is a general recognition and appreciation that tall buildings provide identity to a city, there is often criticism of how they relate to their surroundings. Critics have posited that tall buildings are insular and foreboding by their very nature. This paper explores several design avenues for architects to consider in order to improve the social aspect of tall buildings. As all cities become taller and denser to accommodate growth, the need to design social space in, on, and around tall buildings must be continually examined if we are to have cohesive urban fabric that supports communities.

• 교육철학
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• 제58호
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• pp.33-56
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• 2016

Multicultural education is what educates the comprehension about social structure, social criticism, and an ideology of participatory democracy. A discussion about equality education based on the ethic of equal caring so that individual life is in harmony with communal life has very important meaning to actualize the equality of multicultural community. Therefore, this study explored 'caring in education' as care community which takes care of self and the inner circle as well as provides care of others. I analyze Walzer's concept of Complex Equality that criticizes the social alchemy in which man possesses various social goods through the possession of one good, namely the dominant good. Next, I discuss Noddings's caring in education which examined, focusing on the possibility that caring in education can be the new curriculum that every student is able to pursue excellence.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.133-144
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• 2013

It is commonplace to refer to the Nordic countries of Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Finland and Iceland as a distinctive and homogenous welfare regime. As far as social housing is concerned, however, the institutional heritage of the respective countries significantly frames the ways in which social housing is understood, regulated and subsidized, and, in turn, how housing regimes respond to the general challenges to the national welfare states. The paper presents a historical institutionalist approach to understanding the diversity of regime responses in the modern era characterized by increasing marketization, welfare criticism and internationalization. The aim is to provide outside readers a theoretically guided empirical insight into Scandinavian social housing policy. The paper first lines up the core of the inbuilt argument of historical institutionalism in housing policy. Secondly, it briefly introduces the distinctive ideal typical features of the five housing regimes, which reveals the first internal distinction between the universal policies of Sweden and Denmark selective policies of Iceland and Finland. The Norwegian case constitutes a transitional model from general to selective during the past quarter of a decade. The third section then concentrates on the differences between Denmark, Sweden and Norway in which social housing is, our was originally, embedded in a universal welfare policy targeting the general level of housing quality for the entire population. Differences stand out, however, between finance, ownership, regulation and governance. The historical institutional argument is, that these differences frame the way in which actors operating on the respective policy arenas can and do respond to challenges. Here, in this section we lose Norway, which de facto has come to operate in a residual manner, due to contemporary effects of the long historical heritage of home ownership. The fourth section then discusses the recent challenges of welfare criticism, internationalization and marketization to the universal models in Denmark and Sweden. Here, it is argued that the institutional differences between the Swedish model of municipal ownership and the Danish model of independent cooperative social housing associations provides different sources of resistance to the prospective dismantlement of social housing as we know it. The fifth section presents the recent Danish reform of the governance model of social housing policy in which the housing associations are conceived of as 'dialogue partners' in the local housing policy, expected to create solutions to, rather than produce problems in social housing areas. The reform testifies to the strategic ability of the Danish social housing associations to employ their historically grounded institutional relative independence of the public system.

• 디자인학연구
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• 18호
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• pp.199-207
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• 1996

기계테크놀로지의 발달로 수작업을 중심하는 공예산업이 사양화 되고잇다. 산업혁명에 대한 당시의 사회문제를 비판했던 러스킨과 모리스의 사상은 오늘날가지 영향을 미치고 있다. 본연구는 공예활동의 발전과 위상정립을 위하여 그들의 사상을 중심으로 공예 본질적 개념을 정리하고 공예 사회적 역할을 논하고자 하였다. 기게생산에 의한 반발로 소비자의 취향이 개성화를 요구하고 생산라인의 소량다품종화의 문제를 공예적 생산방법으로 해결할 수 있다는 것은 공예생산의 존제 필요성을 입증하며 더욱이 대주으이 정신적생활이 중시되는 현시점에서 공예의 사회적 역할로써 기계적생활에 대한 감성적생활의 교육적 역할이 중요함을 논했다.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제8호
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• pp.59-87
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• 2009

This thesis started from the attempt to make it clear that 80's American artist Keith Haring(1958-1990) had conducted social intervention of criticism, resistance, and participation through his works, and so pursued public value. Haring of graffiti fame left popular and familiar cartoon style pictures on the street wall, the billboards, the posters and so on. Popular and playful works was explained as his unique characteristics, but Haring's creative way at the field has more value than just being grasped as artist's personal characteristics. Haring's work pieces became everyday art by joining with people's life, and are working as a social speaking place. So I think that these Haring's art works possess characteristics of 'the public sphere'. 'The Public Sphere' means that is independent and free from the government or partisan economic forces, so that is not connected with the interested relations, and that is the sphere of rational argumentation without 'disguise' or 'fabrication', and that is the sphere where general public can participate in and is inspected by them. The public sphere between the sphere of public authority such a nation and a market and the private sphere of free individual, it is mutually connected with them and works as the space forming public opinion. Private individuals communicate with this public sphere and perform a role of direct and indirect check, balance, and social criticism way off from power. Openness that should include the voice of not only leading power but also the socially weak such as citizens, women, homosexuals, minority races, and so on, and alienated class, is an index of the public characteristics. The public sphere is not working just with speech and mass media. Many artists as well as Haring open their mouth and act through an art at the center of society, and create another public sphere by an art. I understood that the real participatory and practical characteristics on the Haring's work is a phenomenon and current of a part of the art world including Haring. Such current started from 1960s is the in-depth effort to be connected with the life more closely, to communicate with people, and to improve problems of life. And it has pursued public value on the different way from the nation or public power. Artists have intervened in the society with strategic and positive ways in order to raise pushed-out value and sinked rights as the public agenda, and labored to accept the value of variety and difference at the society. The aspect of such social intervention is the notable features, findable on the Haring's works and process. Haring's works include art historical meanings and are expressed with familiar and plastic language, so they were able to communicate with various classes. And he secured various customers at the field and the street. This communicative and public approach factor raised the possibility much for his works to work as the public sphere. Haring presented critical and resistant speech toward society with his works based on this factor. He asserted his position and justice of gender identity as a sexual minority. And his such work continued to movement for alienated class and social week over his own rights. His speech and message on the wall painting, poster, T-shirts, billboard of the subway, and so on worked as a spectacle and pressed concern with social issues and consciousness shift. And he's been trying to protect and care people who is injured by HIV and drug and to realize social justice through social week protection. Haring's works planned to meet many people as much as possible performed its role of intervening in society through criticism, resistance, speech, and participation, and controlling and checking social issues. These things considered, Haring's works show his consciousness about public attributes of art, and obviously include public value seeking. And also we can find the meaning of such his work as that an art is working as the public sphere and shows the possibility to discuss and practice public issues.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.197-217
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• 2005

Since 1990, the Korean Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry(MAF) has implemented the program for enhancing rural living environment (Jungjookunkaebal program) to stabilize rural population and community. The program has focused on providing rural areas with various social infrastructure facilities. But, because the program has been done without appropriate consideration on rural settlement system and the unevenness of rurality, people has discredit its necessity and efficacy. This paper discussed desirable strategies and tools to overcome criticism on the program.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제6권7호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2016

본 연구는 자신의 고향이 떠나 이주를 경험한 구약성서의 여성들(하갈, 다말, 라합, 룻, 수넴에 사는 귀한 여성, 이름없는 어린 여종)을 중심으로 현재를 살아가는 다문화사회에서 적용할 가치를 찾는 것이다. 이들이 각각 등장하는 성서본문은 다양한 상황과 배경임에도 불구하고 주로 가정 안에서 여성의 역할을 강화하는 목적으로 사용되어 온 것에 대해 비판한다. 이주의 관점으로 여성신학적 비평, 이야기 비평, 독자반응비평 등을 적용하여 새로운 해석을 도출하였다. 당시 여성에게 제약이 많은 가부장적 사회에서 서로 배경과 상황이 달랐음에도 불구하고 6명의 이주여성 모두는 자신의 긍정적인 역할을 통해 주변과 평화적인 관계를 만들어낸 사례로 소개했다. 이는 인종, 성, 계급이라고 하는 이주민과 비이주민, 여성과 남성, 경제적 차이를 인정하되 이를 차별의 도구로 사용하지 않도록 제안한다. 또한 이들 성서의 여성들을 통해 주체적이며 사회 정의와 평화를 위해 노력하는 역할 모델로서의 가능성도 발견할 수 있다.

• 중국학논총
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• 제58호
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• pp.91-119
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• 2018

As for the various pathological phenomena of the society which is getting worse without any improvement, the film paints the phenomenon nakedly with the cold and cynical gaze on the basis of realism. These attempts originated in the Chinese art world, and they cynically sketched a Chinese society that lost hope after 6·4. The cynicism of the art world contains meanings such as instruction, meanness, passion, indifference, and mockery. In particular, the distrust of the social system after 6·4 and the collapse of the Soviet and Eastern European socialist nations gave the Chinese people a skeptical view of socialism. This situation of the times has a cynical viewpoint to face as it is instead of prudent criticism. This cynical view was embraced by filmmakers who were not silent on The pathological phenomenon of society, and they were directed to films. is a film about the love, separation, suicide, frustration and reconciliation of youth in the era of identity confusion after 6·4. The characters in the film did not mention a single word about the state power that made them do it. based on the characteristics of women in northeast China and the murder that occurred around a woman with a beauty that was not like a laundry employee. Centered around the unresolved slice murder case, expressed human moral ambiguity that does not distinguish good fortune from human instinct for struggle for survival, and portrayed the scenery of a very cold northeast small city. But it does not show any criticism of the crime. Based on the true story of the 2000s, the portrays the uncomfortable aspects of China that established Chinese socialism. A film composed of four short episodes conveys the destiny set by God.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.317-330
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• 2018

We develop a mathematical model for the obesity dynamics to investigate the long term obesity trend with the consideration of psychological and social factors due to the increasing prevalence of obesity around the world. Many mathematical models for obesity dynamics adopted the modeling idea of infectious disease and treated overweight and obese people infectious and spreading obesity to normal weight. However, this modeling idea is not proper in obesity modeling because obesity is not an infectious disease. In fact, weight gain and loss are related to social interactions among different weight groups not only in the direction from overweight/obese to normal weight but also the other way around. Thus, we consider these aspects in our model and implement personal weight gain feature, a psychological factor such as body image dissatisfaction, and social interactions such as positive support on weight loss and negative criticism on weight status from various weight groups. We show that the equilibrium point with no normal weight population will be unstable and that an equilibrium point with positive normal weight population should have all other components positive. We conduct computer simulations on Korean demography data with our model and demonstrate the long term obesity trend of Korean male as an example of the use of our model.