• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.15 no.7
• /
• pp.2377-2398
• /
• 2021

In the recent modernized world, utilization of natural resources (renewable & non-renewable) is increasing drastically due to the sophisticated life style of the people. The over-consumption of non-renewable resources causes pollution which leads to global warming. Consequently, government agencies have been taking several initiatives to control the over-consumption of non-renewable natural resources and encourage the production of renewable energy resources. In this regard, we introduce an IoT powered integrated framework called as green home architecture (GHA) for green score calculation based on the usage of natural resources for household purpose. Green score is a credit point (i.e.,10 pts) of a family which can be calculated once in a month based on the utilization of energy, production of renewable energy and pollution caused. The green score can be improved by reducing the consumption of energy, generation of renewable energy and preventing the pollution. The main objective of GHA is to monitor the day-to-day usage of resources and calculate the green score using the proposed green score algorithm. This algorithm gives positive credits for economic consumption of resources and production of renewable energy and also it gives negative credits for pollution caused. Here, we recommend a green score based tax calculation system which gives tax exemption based on the green score value. This direct beneficiary model will appreciate and encourage the citizens to consume fewer natural resources and prevent pollution. Rather than simply giving subsidy, this proposed system allows monitoring the subsidy scheme periodically and encourages the proper working system with tax exemption rewards. Also, our GHA will be used to monitor all the household appliances, vehicles, wind mills, electricity meter, water re-treatment plant, pollution level to read the consumption/production in appropriate units by using the suitable sensors. These values will be stored in mass storage platform like cloud for the calculation of green score and also employed for billing purpose by the government agencies. This integrated platform can replace the manual billing and directly benefits the government.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
• /
• v.10 no.11
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2020

This study proposes an NFC-based payment system that considers user convenience while expanding the existing payment method for RFID-based individual food and logistics waste equipment. In line with this trend, I proposed to apply NFC to the existing RFID-based food meter to release the food in the meantime and to address the problem of re-carrying due to card loss, card not possessed, and non-filling, and the question that could not be identified by various cumbersome procedures. NFC's function alone has been certified for its convenience, which led to its introduction and research in the period of time. Of course, we need to negotiate fees with the transportation card company, but if we see a market share related to transportation card soon, we think smooth negotiations will take place. NFC method will be expanded to all phones with iPhone NFC opening. Therefore, in the next study, we intend to apply the payment system in NFC by linking with local currency, mobile vouchers, and card companies, which are being paid as respective payment means according to the recent emergency support system for COVID-19.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.137-144
• /
• 2015

Development of the yarn sorting equipment (khonhook) by slide way due to the principle of engineering that cause of workers on the long of motion time. The data was collected from the weaving group Ban Nongkok village, Nakornratchasima Province, THAILAND. According to the study, the step of yarn sorting (konhook) was one of the steps that affect long of motion time. The problem was the inadequate capacity equipment. The objective of research was to study and develop the yarn sorting equipment (konhook). The fabric used in the study was 64 meters in length and 1 meter in width. Researchers studied the processes the yarn sorting (konhook) which it consists of seven sub steps, 1) the thread tube setting, 2) yarn bunching, 3) tying a knot at the end of yarn, 4) looping the yarn into a pillar, 5) sorting the yarn (konhook), 6) crossing pillars and 7) taking out the yarn. Researchers focused on studying yarn sorting process (konhook) by designing and creating a device for yarn sorting (konhook) for reducing yarn sorting (konhook) time by the original method performance indicators. The results found that the developed yarn sorting equipment (konhook) ) by slide way could reduce working time from 7.24 minutes to 6.08 minutes of the original equipment yarn sorting (konhook). This means it could make the process 16.02 % faster. This also helps reducing the distance of workers' movement from 2,234 meters to 8 meters. This is 99.64 % shorter.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.18 no.6
• /
• pp.1189-1202
• /
• 2016

This paper describes an application of wavelet analysis for damage detection of a steel frame structure with bolted connections. The wavelet coefficients of the acceleration response for the healthy and loosened connection structure were calculated at each measurement point. The difference of the wavelet coefficients of the response of the healthy and loosened connection structure is selected as an indicator of the damage. At each node of structure the norm of the difference of the wavelet coefficients matrix is then calculated. The point for which the norm has the higher value is a candidate for location of the damage. The above procedure was experimentally verified on a laboratory-scale 2-meter-long steel frame. The structure consists of 11 steel beams forming a four-bay frame, which is subjected to impact loads using a modal hammer. The accelerations are measured at 20 different locations on the frame, including joints and beam elements. Two states of the structure are considered: healthy and damaged one. The damage is introduced by means of loosening two out of three bolts at one of the frame connections. Calculating the norm of the difference of the wavelet coefficients matrix at each node the higher value was found to be at the same location where the bolts were loosened. The presented experiment showed the effectiveness of the wavelet approach to damage detection of frame structures assembled using bolted connections.

• Journal of IKEEE
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.1373-1380
• /
• 2019

In order to increase energy efficiency, developments of the advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) in the smart grid technology have recently been actively conducted. An essential part of AMI is analyzing power consumption and forecasting consumption patterns. In this paper, we analyze the power consumption and summarized the data errors. Monthly power consumption patterns are also analyzed using the k-means clustering algorithm. Forecasting the consumption pattern by each household is difficult. Therefore, we first classify the data into 100 clusters and then predict the average of the next day as the daily average of the clusters based on the deep neural network. Using practically collected AMI data, we analyzed the data errors and could successfully conducted power forecasting based on a clustering technique.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.619-629
• /
• 2020

Solar towers, which often has a large aspect ratio and low fundamental natural frequency, were extremely prone to large amplitude of wind-induced vibrations, especially Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV). A tiny Tuned Mass Damper (TMD) with conveniently adjustable eddy current damping was specially designed and manufactured for elastic wind tunnel tests of a solar tower. A series of numerical simulations by using the COMSOL software were conducted to determine three key parameters, including the thickness of the back iron plate and the conductive plate (T_b and T_c), the distance between the magnet and the conductive plate (T_d). Based on the results of numerical simulations, a tiny TMD was manufactured and its structural parameters were experimentally identified. The optimized values of the tiny TMD can be conveniently realized. The tiny TMD was installed at the top of the elastic test model of a 243-meter-high solar tower, and a series of wind tunnel tests were carried out to examine the effectiveness of the TMD in suppressing wind-induced responses of the test model. The results showed that the wind-induced responses could be obviously reduced by the TMD, especially in the cross-wind direction. The cross-wind RMS and peak responses at the critical wind velocity can be reduced by about 86% and 75%, respectively. However, the maximum reduction of the responses at the design wind velocity is about 45%, obviously less than that at the critical wind velocity.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify whether task-related circuit exercise program combined with sensorimotor training for 4 weeks could improve the balance and gait in stroke patients. Method: Fifteen stroke patients who had agreed with the study were randomly divided into 3 groups categorized as task-related circuit exercise program combined with sensorimotor training group (experimental group 1, n=5), task-related circuit exercise program group (experimental group 2, n=5), and control subjects performed conventional physical therapy (control group, n=5). The balance and gait were assessed by BT-4 force platform system, Berg Balance Scale, 10meter Walk Test and Smart Step at before training and after training. Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze change before and after intervention in intra-group. Kruskal Wallis H test, Mann-Whitney U test and Bonfferoni correction were used to analyze changes of all variables in inter-groups. Result: The experimental group 1 showed significant improvements in postural sway area, BBS scores, walking velocity and plantar pressures of affected foot, whereas the experimental group 2 showed significant improvements in BBS scores, and the control group were no significantly different in all variables following training. The changes of postural sway area and BBS scores in the experimental group 1 were significantly greater than them of the control group. The changes of postural sway area in the experimental group 1 was significantly greater than that of the experimental group 2. Conclusion: The result of this study suggest the task-related circuit exercise program combined with sensorimotor training is an effective intervention to improve balance and gait in stoke patients.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• v.6 no.8
• /
• pp.939-951
• /
• 2010

A low-cost wireless sensor network (WSN) solution with highly expandable super and simple nodes was developed. The super node was designed as a sensing unit as well as a receiving terminal with low energy consumption. The simple node was designed to serve as a cheaper alternative for large-scale deployment. A 12-bit ADC inputs and DAC outputs were reserved for sensor boards to ease the sensing integration. Vibration and thermal field tests of the Chi-Lu Bridge were conducted to evaluate the WSN's performance. Integral acceleration, temperature and tilt sensing modules were constructed to simplify the task of long-term environmental monitoring on this bridge, while a star topology was used to avoid collisions and reduce power consumption. We showed that, given sufficient power and additional power amplifier, the WSN can successfully be active for more than 7 days and satisfy the half bridge 120-meter transmission requirement. The time and frequency responses of cables shocked by external force and temperature variations around cables in one day were recorded and analyzed. Finally, guidelines on power characterization of the WSN platform and selection of acceleration sensors for structural health monitoring applications were given.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.399-408
• /
• 2017

Of high strength bolts, the torque shear type bolt is known to be clamped normally when pin-tails are broken. Sometimes the clamping loads on slip critical connections considerably fluctuate from the required tension due to variation of torque coefficient. This is why the viscosity of lubricant affects the torque coefficient by temperature. In this study, the clamping tests of high strength bolts were performed independently at laboratory conditions and at outdoor environment. The temperatures of outdoor environment candidates were ranged from $-11^{\circ}C$ to $34^{\circ}C$ for six years. The temperature at laboratory condition was composed from $-10^{\circ}C$ to $50^{\circ}C$ at each $10^{\circ}C$ interval. At outdoor environment conditions, the clamping load of high strength bolt was varied from 159 to 210 kN and the torque value was varied from 405 to 556 Nm. The torque coefficients at outdoor environment were calculated from 0.126 to 0.158 when tensions were measured from 179 to 192 kN by using tension meter. The torque coefficients at outdoor environment conditions were analyzed as the range from 0.118 to 0.152. From these tests, the diverse equations of torque coefficient, tension dependent to temperature can be acquired by statistic regressive analysis. The variable of torque coefficient at laboratory conditions is 0.13% per each $1^{\circ}C$ when it reaches 2.73% per each $1^{\circ}C$ at outdoor environment conditions. When the results at laboratory conditions and at outdoor environment were combined to get the revised equations, the change in torque coefficient was modified as 0.2% per each $1^{\circ}C$ and the increment of tension was adjusted as 1.89 % per each $1^{\circ}C$.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
• /
• v.67 no.9
• /
• pp.1216-1223
• /
• 2018

As field of application of AMI, AMR uses the power line as the primary means of communication. PLC has a big merit without installation of the new network for communication in a field using the power line which is the existing equipment. However, there is a serious obstacle in commercialization for the instability by noise and communication environment. Therefore, the technical method for maintaining the communication state which overcome such demerit and was stabilized is required essentially. PLC routing technology is applied with the alternative plan now. The routing technology currently managed by field includes many problems by applying the algorithm of an elementary level. PLC routing path search problem can be modeled with the problem of searching for optimal solution as similar to such as optimal routing problem and TSP(Travelling salesman problem). In this paper, in order to search for a PLC routing path efficiently and to choose the optimal path, GA(Genetic Algorithm) was applied. Although PLC was similar in optimal solution search as compared with typical GA, it also has a difference point by the characteristic of communication, and presented the new methodology over this. Moreover, the validity of application technology was verified by showing the experimental result to which GA is applied and analyzing as compared with the existing algorithm.