• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.270-279
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• 2024

Macrophages are versatile immune cells that play crucial roles in tissue repair, immune defense, and the regulation of immune responses. In the context of skeletal muscle, they are vital for maintaining muscle homeostasis but macrophage-induced chronic inflammation can lead to muscle dysfunction, resulting in skeletal muscle atrophy characterized by reduced muscle mass and impaired insulin regulation and glucose uptake. Although the involvement of macrophage-secreted factors in inflammation-induced muscle atrophy is well-established, the precise intracellular signaling pathways and secretion factors affecting skeletal muscle homeostasis require further investigation. This study aimed to explore the regulation of macrophage-secreted factors and their impact on muscle atrophy and glucose metabolism. By employing RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and proteome array, we uncovered that factors secreted by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages upregulated markers of muscle atrophy and pro-inflammatory cytokines, while concurrently reducing glucose uptake in muscle cells. The RNA-seq analysis identified alterations in gene expression patterns associated with immune system pathways and nutrient metabolism. The utilization of gene ontology (GO) analysis and proteome array with macrophage-conditioned media revealed the involvement of macrophage-secreted cytokines and chemokines associated with muscle atrophy. These findings offer valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms of macrophage-secreted factors and their contributions to muscle-related diseases.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.221-227
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• 2013

RFID is an automatic identification technology that can control a range of information via IC chips and radio communication. Also known as electronic tags, smart tags or electronic labels, RFID technology enables embedding the overall process from production to sales in an ultra-small IC chip and tracking down such information using radio frequencies. Currently, RFID-based application and development is in progress in such fields as health care, national defense, logistics and security. RFID structure consists of a reader that reads tag information, a tag that provides information and the database that manages data. Yet, the wireless section between the reader and the tag is vulnerable to security issues. To sort out the vulnerability, studies on security protocols have been conducted actively. However, due to difficulties in implementation, most suggestions are concerned with theorem proving, which is prone to vulnerability found by other investigators later on, ending up in many troubles with applicability in practice. To experimentally test the security of the protocol proposed here, the formal verification tool, CasperFDR was used. To sum up, the proposed protocol was found to be secure against diverse attacks. That is, the proposed protocol meets the safety standard against new types of attacks and ensures security when applied to real tags in the future.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.8
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• pp.391-400
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to present the effect of image stimulation on body stability as a conceptual model and to investigate the effect of image stimulus(2D, VR) on body stability(hand stability) through experiments Recently, stereoscopic images such as virtual and augmented reality are combined with smart phones and exercise equipments, and the diffusion is becoming active. The possibility of a safety accident or human error is also increasing as it temporarily affects the balance of the body and hand stability after the image stimulus is removed. The conceptual model is presented based on the results of previous studies. Based on the experimental results, the conceptual model has been explained in combination with the human information processing process and cognitive resource models that take place in the brain. Twenty subjects were exposed to 2D and VR stimuli, and display fatigue was measured by cybersickness questionnaire and hand stability by hand steadiness tester. Experimental results show that VR images induce higher display fatigue and lower hand stability than 2D. In this study, it is meaningful that hand stability according to image type and display fatigue level which have not been tried yet is revealed through conceptual model and experiment.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2020

Living in the modern world, we can easily access large marts and outlets, and live convenient mobile shopping and same-day and early morning shipping. It is called 'shopping addiction' when the purpose of such shopping is not to be attributed to the original purpose of the goods, but to be purchased by an irresistible impulse. According to past studies, 5.8% of American adults and 15.5% of Korean college students were found to be purchase poisoning[3]. The study identified the relationship between interpersonal anxiety, public-consciousness and self-control among the various factors leading to purchase addiction and confirmed their impact on consumers internal psychology. The study found that although Interpersonal anxiety did not directly affect purchasing addiction, it was influenced by self-control and public-consciousness that increased the tendency to purchase addiction. The results of the group comparison between men and women showed that the self-control of men and the public-consciousness of women has increased their purchasing addiction. Such differences in psychology between men and women suggested related implications, such as the need to apply purchase addiction prevention management and treatment methods differently.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.177-198
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• 2021

Existing change detection researches have been focused on changes of land use and land cover (LULC), damaged areas, or large vegetated and water regions. On the other hands, increased temporal and spatial resolution of satellite images are strongly suggesting the feasibility of change detection of small objects such as vehicles and ships. In order to check the feasibility, this paper analyzes the performance of existing pixel-based change detection methods over small objects. We applied pixel differencing, PCA (principal component analysis) analysis, MAD (Multivariate Alteration Detection), and IR-MAD (Iteratively Reweighted-MAD) to Kompsat-3A and Google Map images taken within 10 days. We extracted ground references for changed and non-changed small objects from the images and used them for performance analysis of change detection results. Our analysis showed that MAD and IR-MAD, that are known to perform best over LULC and large areal changes, offered best performance over small object changes among the methods tested. It also showed that the spectral band with high reflectivity of the object of interest needs to be included for change analysis.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.129-143
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• 2018

Recently, the use of digital media such as computers and smart devices has been rapidly increasing, The vast and diverse information contained in the warrant of the investigating agency also includes the one irrelevant to the crime. Therefore, when confiscating the information, the basic rights, defense rights and privacy invasion of the person to be seized have been the center of criticism. Although the investigation agency guarantees the right to participate, it does not have specific guidelines, so they are various by the contexts and environments. In this process, the abuse of the participation right is detrimental to the speed and integrity of the investigation, and there is a side effect that the digital evidence might be destroyed by remote initialization. In this study, we conducted surveys of digital evidence analysts across the country based on four domains and thirty measurement items for enabling environment for participation in information storage media export and digital evidence search process. The difference between the level of importance and the performance was analyzed by the IPA matrix based on process, location, people, and technology dimensions. Seven items belonging to "concentrate here" area are one process-related, three location-related, and three people-related items. This study is meaningful to be a basis for establishing the proper policies and strategies for ensuring participation right, as well as for minimizing the side effects.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.429-438
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• 2021

Owing to the development of science technology, particularly the smart concept and defense policy factors of the 4th industry, military weapon systems are advanced, and the scientific and operational force is reduced dramatically. The aspect of the future war is characterized by the operation of troops with reduced forces from advanced and scientific weapon systems in an operational area that has expanded more than four times compared to the present. Reflecting on these situational factors, it is necessary to improve combat methods based on the changes in the battlefield environment and advanced weapon systems. In this study, to find a more efficient future combat method in a changing war pattern, this study applied the battle experiment methodology using Vision21 war game model, which is an analytical model used by the army. Finally, this study aimed to verify the future combat method and unit structure. Therefore, the scenario composition and experiment method that reflect the change in the ground operational environment and weapon system was first composed. Subsequently, an analysis method based on the combat effectiveness was applied to verify the effective combat performance method and unit structure of future infantry units.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.23-39
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• 2021

This study aims to explore research trends in Blockchain studies in South Korea using dynamic topic modeling and network analysis. To achieve this goal, we conducted the university & institute collaboration network analysis, the keyword co-occurrence network analysis, and times series topic analysis using dynamic topic modeling. Through the university & institute collaboration network analysis, we found major universities such as Soongsil University, Soonchunhyang University, Korea University, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) and major institutes such as Ministry of National Defense, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Samil PricewaterhouseCoopers, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute that led collaborative research. Next, through the analysis of the keyword co-occurrence network, we found major research keywords including virtual assets (Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin, Ethereum, Virtual currency), blockchain technology (Distributed ledger, Distributed ledger technology), finance (Smart contract), and information security (Security, privacy, Personal information). Smart contracts showed the highest scores in all network centrality measures showing its importance in the field. Finally, through the time series topic analysis, we identified five major topics including blockchain technology, blockchain ecosystem, blockchain application 1 (trade, online voting, real estate), blockchain application 2 (food, tourism, distribution, media), and blockchain application 3 (economy, finance). Changes of topics were also investigated by exploring proportions of representative keywords for each topic. The study is the first of its kind to attempt to conduct university & institute collaboration networks analysis and dynamic topic modeling-based times series topic analysis for exploring research trends in Blockchain studies in South Korea. Our results can be used by government agencies, universities, and research institutes to develop effective strategies of promoting university & institutes collaboration and interdisciplinary research in the field.