• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.75
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• pp.137-158
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• 2017

Traditional banking systems of transactions are being replaced by FfinTech. Block Chain System can be a key point in Fourth Industrial Revolution such as AI, Big Data, IOT and also can be used as a tools of smart contract or smart payment systems in International Trade. If banking regulation is to be liberalized FinTech would be more activated in Korea and various attempts would be available especially smart payment in business. There are so many levels to be achieved from the time of contract to the time of clearance. We cannot expect speed and range of IT advancement and international trade, Block Chain system will challenge the traditional banking process. First, Block Chain Payment system can be used in P2P, B2B transaction and also T/T in small business. Second, Bit Coin transaction can be available within the parties without the Trusted Third Party. Third, By using of Block Chain system Traditional International Trade process can be altered.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.65-71
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• 2019

IAs smart device penetration rate is more than 90%, mobile transaction ratio using smart device is increasing. Smart contracts are used in various areas of real life including smart trading. By applying smart contracts to the platform for smart transactions through block-chain technology, the threat of hacking or forgery can be reduced. However, various threats to devices in smart transactions can pose a threat to the use of block chain Etherium, an important element in privilege and personal information management. Smart contract used in block chain Ethereum includes important information or transaction details of users. Therefore, in case of an attack of privilege elevation, it is very likely to exploit transaction details or forge or tamper with personal information inquiry. In this paper, we propose a detection and countermeasure method for privilege escalation attack, which is especially important for block chain for secure smart transaction using block chain Ethereum. When comparing the results of this study with the results of similar applications and researches, we showed about 12~13% improvement in performance and suggested the future countermeasures through packet analysis.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.286-293
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• 2021

Smart contract based on the blockchain technology can be applied to the real estate registry including transactions. The Ethereum coin using multi layered protocol is widely accepted as the token for the smart contract. Block chain smart contract using SOLIDITY or PYTHON can mediate transactions auch as sale or lease, creating various scenarios in the property market. Those smart contract can construct the basis for the blockchain real estate registry, which is expected to overcome conventional transaction costs concerning the national law system, the asymmetric information and the currency exchange. The advantages of blockchain technology, namely security, decentralization, global transparency and openness can be applied to the smart contract system on the property registry. Several countries have advanced such blockchain real estate registry project recently, but no actual implementation has been reported for years, owing to institutional and technological impasses.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.3694-3722
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• 2022

In today's globalized world, there is no transparency in exchanging data and information between producers and consumers. However, these tasks experience many challenges, such as administrative barriers, confidential data leakage, and extensive time delays. To overcome these challenges, we propose a decentralized, secured, and verified smart chain framework using Ethereum Smart Contract which employs Inter Planetary File Systems (IPFS) and MongoDB as storage systems to automate the process and exchange information into blocks using the Tendermint algorithm. The proposed work promotes complete traceability of the product, ensures data integrity and transparency in addition to providing security to their personal information using the Lelantos mode of shipping. The Tendermint algorithm helps to speed up the process of validating and authenticating the transaction quickly. More so in this time of pandemic, it is easier to meet the needs of customers through the Ethermint Smart Chain, which increases customer satisfaction, thus boosting their confidence. Moreover, Smart contracts help to exploit more international transaction services and provide an instant block time finality of around 5 sec using Ethermint. The paper concludes with a description of product storage and distribution adopting the Ethermint technique. The proposed system was executed based on the Ethereum-Tendermint Smart chain. Experiments were conducted on variable block sizes and the number of transactions. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system seems to perform better than existing blockchain-based systems. Two configuration files were used, the first one was to describe the storage part, including its topology. The second one was a modified file to include the test rounds that Caliper should execute, including the running time and the workload content. Our findings indicate this is a promising technology for food supply chain storage and distribution.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.243-262
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• 2023

This study provides a systematic review of smart trade contracts, examining the research trends and theoretical background of utilizing smart contracts and blockchain technology for the digitalization and automation of trade contracts. Smart trade contracts are a concept that applies the automated contract system based on blockchain to trade-related transactions. The study analyzes the technical and legal challenges and proposes solutions. The technical aspect covers the development of smart contract platforms, scalability and performance improvements of blockchain networks, and security and privacy concerns. The legal aspect addresses the legal enforceability of smart contracts, automatic execution of contract conditions, and the responsibilities and obligations of contract parties. Smart trade contracts have been found to have applications in various industries such as international trade, supply chain management, finance, insurance, and energy, contributing to the ease of trade finance, efficiency of supply chains, and business model innovation. However, challenges remain in terms of legal regulations, interaction with existing legal frameworks, and technological aspects. Further research is needed, including empirical studies, business model innovation, resolution of legal issues, security and privacy considerations, standardization and collaboration, and user experience studies to address these challenges and explore additional aspects of smart trade contracts.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2019

The block chain technology is a technique that prevents manipulation of data and ensures integrity and reliability. Ethereum is building a smart contract environment as a type of encryptionenabled system based on block chains. Smart contracts can be implemented when conditions are met, thus increasing confidence in digital data. However, smart contracts that are being tried in various ways are not covered by information security and personal information protection. The structure in which the network participant can view the open transaction ledger is exposed to data or personal information listed in the block chain. In this study, it is possible to manage the data of personal information recorded in the block chain directly. This study is protected personal information by preventing the exposure of personal information and by executing time code, it is possible to erase recorded information after a certain period of time has elapsed. Based on the proposed system in the future, it is necessary to study the additional management techniques of unknown code defects or personal information protection.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.110-119
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• 2018

Blockchain technology has been highly evaluated for its contracts (contracts for sale, real estate contracts) because of its excellent security, including integrity and non-repudiation. In a blockchain, these contract services can be developed using a technology called a smart contract, and several blockchain platforms provide a programming language for developing smart contracts. Bitcoin and Ethereum, typical blockchain platforms, provide the Bitcoin Scripts and Solidity languages. Using these programming languages, we can develop the smart contract, a digital contract that can be processed dynamically. Smart contracts are being developed in a variety of areas, but studies of designs based on a blockchain are insufficient. In this paper, we propose a meta-model and a static/dynamic design method based on Unified Modeling Language (UML) for smart contracts based on Ethereum. We propose a method for static design attributes and functions of smart contracts, and propose a technique for designing structures among contracts. Dynamic design proposes a technique for designing deployment, function calls, and synchronization among smart contracts, accounts, and blocks within a blockchain. Experiments verify the validity of the design method by applying the static/dynamic design method through real estate contracts.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.193-200
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• 2022

In this study, the intellectual property rights of digital contents (creations) are protected by using block chain technology that cannot be damaged or forged. So, we build a blockchain-based content sales revenue tracking system and platform that activates the transaction and distribution of digital content (creation). We developed an API server that can be used for content registration and revision history management smart contract, license management smart contract according to content purchase, content inquiry function through files and hashes, and web and APP services. Through this, it is possible to prove the relationship between the rights of the creators of digital content creations and protect the rights of the creators.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.97-103
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• 2019

Electronic contract systems are widely used to integrate and manage the contract management process based on the development of ICT technology. Recently, improvement methods using block chain technology are being studied. However, contract management systems have processing performance, security vulnerabilities, data entry, and service accessibility issues. In this paper, we propose a block - chain based contract management platform with block chain, smart contract, and Rest API. The suggested platform includes the RPBFT algorithm which solves the processing performance and security vulnerability of the existing consensus authentication algorithm, and the algorithm to prevent data entry and enhance transparency of participants. The block-chain-based contract management platform proposed in this paper provides a use environment with improved processing performance, security, reliability, and transparency, and can be used through API without burdening construction. Therefore, The effect can be expected.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.173-187
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• 2022

A special government agency has been charged with implementing quality management to guarantee the quality of wild-simulated ginseng. However, these processes are carried out by use of documents, and this has resulted in information omission and high document management costs. To solve this problem, this study analyzed the existing quality management process by using a smart contract for the existing offline form and proposed a new quality management system for storing and managing all log data in the blockchain. This system reduced documentation management costs about quality management and recorded information in the previous step through the quality management steps, thus forming a step-by-step record chain. Experiments were conducted by implementing this system, which improved data integrity and reliability. Additionally, sensitive information, such as personal information, was included in the system by use of the off-chain technology.