• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.1196-1213
• /
• 2020

There is a growing interest in the development of smart environments through predicting the behaviors of inhabitants of smart spaces in the recent past. Various smart services are deployed in modern smart cities to facilitate residents and city administration. Prediction algorithms are broadly used in the smart fields in order to well equip the smart services for the future demands. Hence, an accurate prediction technology plays a vital role in the smart services. In this paper, we take out an extensive survey of smart spaces such as smart homes, smart farms and smart cars and smart applications such as smart health and smart energy. Our extensive survey is based on more than 400 articles and the final list of research studies included in this survey consist of 134 research papers selected using Google Scholar database for period of 2008 to 2018. In this survey, we highlight the role of prediction algorithms in each sub-domain of smart Internet of Things (IoT) environments. We also discuss the main algorithms which play pivotal role in a particular IoT subfield and effectiveness of these algorithms. The conducted survey provides an efficient way to analyze and have a quick understanding of state of the art work in the targeted domain. To the best of our knowledge, this is the very first survey paper on main categories of prediction algorithms covering statistical, heuristic and hybrid approaches for smart environments.

• 스마트미디어저널
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.80-83
• /
• 2012

본 논문은 사이버공간의 가시성 개선 방안을 다루었다. 사이버비즈니스에 진출하고자 생각하는 많은 사업가들은 사이버공간의 비가시성 문제로 인하여, 사이버비즈니스 진출에 두려움을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 사업자와 잠재고객 그리고 그 사이의 관계를 수학의 관계 개념을 도입하여 설명함으로서, 사이버공간의 가시성을 개선하고자 시도 하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 사이버비즈니스 경쟁력의 핵심은 가시화의 극대화와 신뢰성임을 알게 되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2017

The operation of subway trains induces secondary structure-borne vibrations in the nearby underground spaces. The vibration, along with the associated noise, can cause annoyance and adverse physical, physiological, and psychological effects on humans in dense urban environments. Traditional tethered instruments restrict the rapid measurement and assessment on such vibration effect. This paper presents a novel approach for Wireless Smart Sensor (WSS)-based autonomous evaluation system for the subway train-induced vibrations. The system was implemented on a MEMSIC's Imote2 platform, using a SHM-H high-sensitivity accelerometer board stacked on top. A new embedded application VibrationLevelCalculation, which determines the International Organization for Standardization defined weighted acceleration level, was added into the Illinois Structural Health Monitoring Project Service Toolsuite. The system was verified in a large underground space, where a nearby subway station is a good source of ground excitation caused by the running subway trains. Using an on-board processor, each sensor calculated the distribution of vibration levels within the testing zone, and sent the distribution of vibration level by radio to display it on the central server. Also, the raw time-histories and frequency spectrum were retrieved from the WSS leaf nodes. Subsequently, spectral vibration levels in the one-third octave band, characterizing the vibrating influence of different frequency components on human bodies, was also calculated from each sensor node. Experimental validation demonstrates that the proposed system is efficient for autonomously evaluating the subway train-induced ambient vibration of underground spaces, and the system holds the potential of greatly reducing the laboring of dynamic field testing.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.288-298
• /
• 2008

We introduce new type of networked robot, Ubiquitous Robotic Companion (URC), embedded with ATLAS Service-oriented architecture for enhancing the space sensing capability. URC is a network-based robotic system developed by ETRI. For years of experience in deploying service with ATLAS sensor platform for elder and people with special needs in smart houses, we need networked robots to assist elder people in their successful daily living. Recently, pervasive computing technologies reveals possibilities of networked robots in smart spaces, consist of sensors, actuators and smart devices can collaborate with the other networked robot as a mobile sensing platform, a complex and sophisticated actuator and a human interface. This paper provides our experience in designing and implementing system architecture to integrate URC robots in pervasive computing environments using the University of Florida's ATLAS service-oriented architecture. In this paper, we focus on the integrated framework architecture of URC embedded with ATLAS platform. We show how the integrated URC system is enabled to provide better services which enhance the space sensing of URC in the smart space by applying service-oriented architecture characterized as flexibility in adding or deleting service components of Ubiquitous Robotic Companion.

• 정보화정책
• /
• 제25권4호
• /
• pp.108-120
• /
• 2018

전 세계 4차 산업혁명의 도래에 맞춰 한국은 적극적으로 국가적 대응계획 I-Korea 4.0을 수립하여 2017년 11월에 발표하였다. 이 계획은 국가성장을 위한 산업혁신과 사회문제 해결을 목표로 하고 있다. 부동산산업도 예외는 아니며 산업혁신을 위해서는 스마트환경에서 주거, 상업, 업무, 복합 등 다양한 가용공간의 효과적 활용이 선행되어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 효율적 의사결정이 필요하고 이는 공간수요자 행태의 실시간 정보와 정확한 예측이 이루어 질 때 가능하다. 이에, 본 연구는 빅데이터 기반 스마트 스페이스 플랫폼을 제안하고 플랫폼의 구조와 서비스를 구체화 시키고자 한다. 스마트 스페이스 플랫폼도 스마트 트래픽, 스마트 시티, 스마트 헬스 등 다양한 스마트환경 적용사례처럼 급속히 발전하고 있는 정보통신기술(ICT)을 이용해 빅데이터의 효율적 저장, 접근, 분석, 활용이 가능하다. 스마트 스페이스 플랫폼의 구조는 6개 레이어 즉, Collection layer, Transfer layer, Storage layer, Service layer, Application layer, Management layer로 구성된다. 이 플랫폼은 의사결정자들이 행위기반(activity-based), 시장기반(market-based), 정책기반(policy-based) 빅데이터를 Searching, Mining, Integrating, Storing, Analyzing, Visualizing 할 수 있는 서비스체계를 가지고 있다.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.119-129
• /
• 2016

Rapid changes to the paradigm of smart media have created a communication environment through merging with various media such as IoT technology, which is internet of things. Among them, user' need for a start home, which is one of people living conditions, has been growing and values of the communication environment in a living space using a smart mirror have been growing. However, studies on figuring out behavior and analyzing needs of family members who actually use the living space are insufficient. This study is to draw the service system of the home smart mirror by analysis of behavior and needs of users of the living space. For a research method for analysis of behavior of family members, I wrote two kinds of user's experience maps, which are frequency of use of a quantitative space of a living space and space's important value scales by persona study and depth interview. Through this, applied spaces of the home smart mirror (living room, bathroom, powder room, dress room, porch, kitchen, room) and the types of user needs (type of providing information, entertainment type, control type, service type) have been drawn and statistical analysis methodology has been utilized for a research of user preferences in regard to correlation between living spaces and types of user needs based on a survey. As a result of analysis of ages and gender, types of user needs by space have been drawn and the service system of the home smart mirror has been drawn. It would be utilized as a basic material for various contents development and design using the smart mirror in the future.

• 시큐리티연구
• /
• 제30호
• /
• pp.117-138
• /
• 2012

현대 범죄의 증가로 주거공간의 범죄를 최소화 및 예방하고자 스마트 홈이 보편화되었으며, 스마트 홈 관련 시큐리티에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 스마트화된 서비스를 제공하게 될 것이라는 미래의 집안환경에 대한 이해와 스마트 홈 시큐리티의 시사점 및 대응에 관련하여 제안하자면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 스마트 홈 시큐리티의 표준 수립이다. 주거공간에 있어서 자체적으로 건설사의 정책만으로 반영되거나 주민들이 필요에 의해서 개선된 내용을 적용하는 수준에 그치는 상황이며, 또한 건설사마다의 특성을 부각시켜 스마트 홈 시큐리티를 나타낼 뿐 표준화되어 있지는 못한 실정이라 정리할 수 있다. 둘째, 스마트 홈 시큐리티 인증제도 도입이다. 사람만이 가지던 자격증이 이젠 주거공간에도 자격증 시대이다. 주거공간의 성능을 나타내어 주는 인증제도는 아파트의 품질을 평가하는 절대적인 기준이 될 수 없으나, 현재 정부에서 추진하고 있는 다양한 정책과 편리한 주택환경을 위한 기본적인 요건이라 할 수 있다. 스마트 홈 시큐리티 인증제도 역시 도입하여 다른 주거공간에 상호 경쟁적으로 보안장비를 더 보강하거나 또는 경비인력을 전문화하여 인증받으려 할 것이기에 부수적인 안전확보가 가능하다고 여겨진다. 변화하는 스마트 홈 시큐리티를 연구하여 어떤 중심의 요소로 변화하고 발전하고 있는지 앞으로 어떤 변화로 대응해야할지를 연구할 필요성이 있다.

• 신재생에너지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.13-21
• /
• 2023

Smart windows are capable of varying their visible light transmittance (VLT) in response to changing environmental conditions. The VLT variability of architectural windows is highly valuable because it enables indoor lighting and energy environments to align with external changes. However, challenges such as high installation costs and assurance of glass visibility have prompted the exploration of alternative solutions, including models incorporating partially applied smart windows., Prior research focused on useful daylight illuminance (UDI) analysis for south-facing office buildings, pointing out suitable areas for smart-window implementation to enhance lighting control. In this study, we broadened this scope by determining optimal smart-window application zones under changing building orientation. Furthermore, we studied the correlation between building orientation and smart-window deployment areas.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제7권7호
• /
• pp.1569-1584
• /
• 2013

Ubiquitous interaction in a pervasive environment is the main attribute of smart spaces. Pervasive systems are weaving themselves in our daily life, making it possible to collect user information invisibly, in an unobtrusive manner by known and even unknown parties. Huge number of interactions between users and pervasive devices necessitate a comprehensive trust model which unifies different trust factors like context, recommendation, and history to calculate the trust level of each party precisely. Trusted computing enables effective solutions to verify the trustworthiness of computing platforms. In this paper, we elaborate Unified Trust Model (UTM) which calculates entity's trustworthiness based on history, recommendation, context and platform integrity measurement, and formally use these factors in trustworthiness calculation. We evaluate UTM behaviour by simulating in different scenario experiments using a Trust and Reputation Models Simulator for Wireless Sensor Networks. We show that UTM offers responsive behaviour and can be used effectively in the low interaction environments.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.481-493
• /
• 2011

모바일기기가 발달함에 따라 핸드폰에 수많은 기능들이 탑재되고 있다. 영상 통화 기능도 그 중 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 화자와 스마트폰 사이의 거리를 측정하기 위한 다중 색좌표계와 다중 임계치를 사용하는 방법을 제시한다. 첫 번째로 피부색의 색상정보에 근거하여 얼굴영역을 검출한다. 두 번째로 검출된 얼굴영역의 크기를 이용하여 스마트폰과 화자 사이의 거리를 측정한다. 특히 본 논문에서 제시하는 얼굴영역 검출 알고리즘 개발에 있어 고려한 점은 스마트폰의 기본기능과 함께 실시간으로 처리가 가능할 정도로 연산량이 적어야 하며, 움직임이 많은 핸드폰의 특성상 프레임과 프레임 사이의 움직임과 조명 및 배경에 따라 검출된 얼굴 영역이 급격히 변화하는 문제를 해결할 수 있는 얼굴영역 검출 알고리즘을 개발하고자 하였다.