• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.103-112
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• 2020

Smartphones, now a necessity for modern people, have become more than just an appliance, but an object of obsession for many. This has resulted in smartphone addiction in many modern people. However, the phenomenon of object addiction can lie beyond the problem of the object itself, varying according to the psychological characteristics of the subjects who use it. For this reason, this study aimed to examine adult attachment and covert narcissism as factors influencing smartphone addiction in college students. In order to do this subjects' level of smartphone addiction, adult attachment and covert narcissism needed to be measured on a scale of smartphone addiction, adult attachment and covert narcissism. Regression analysis was conducted with smartphone addiction set as the dependent variable and adult attachment and covert narcissism as independent variables. As a result, we observed anxiety attachment related to adult attachment and hypersensitivity/weakness of covert narcissism played roles in smartphone addiction. These findings suggest that in order to understand smartphone addiction in college students, it is important to know the psychological characteristics of our subjects.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.287-296
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to deeply understand the causes of addiction of the addicted adolescents of smartphone. Colaizzi's phenomenological study method was applied to analyze the causes of the addiction caused by the addicts'. The results of the study were confirmed 63 constructive meanings in the meaningful data expressed in the participants' experiences, Based on them, they were derived as 26 subjects, 8 subject groups and 2 categories. The causes of addiction were 'Personal psychological factor', 'Behavior habit factor', 'Social relation factor' and 'Internet smart phone factor'. Psychological, physical, interpersonal and everyday life changes were the results accompanied by causes of addiction. Through this study, the causes of addiction revealed in the participants' experiences are expected to be applied to the client-centered therapy of the smartphone addiction counseling process.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.124-131
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was designed to identify the relationship between smartphone addiction and psychiatric symptoms and the difference in severity of psychiatric symptoms by the degree of smart phone addiction in order to raise awareness of mental health problem. related to smartphone addiction in college students. Methods: Two hundreds and thirteen university student survey data was collected from December 5th to 9th of 2011 in South Korea using smartphone Addiction Scale, and the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision that was translated with korean for the psychiatric symptoms. Results: Respondents were classified as upper addicted (25.3%) and lower addicted group (28.1%). Addicted scores were positively correlated with psychiatric symptom scores. Obsessive-compulsive score was the most highly correlated with addiction scores. There were significant different in psychiatric symptom scores by the groups. Upper groups was 1.76 times higher than lower in total psychiatric scores. The addicted group used smartphone significantly longer per day and more satisfied with than lower addicted group. Conclusion: Although the smartphone was first introduced not so long ago, the addiction rate is exponentially increasing in students. The results proved that there is an inevitable correlation between the smartphone addiction and the severity of psychiatric symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.6180-6189
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to clarify the factors that affects smartphone addiction of elementary school students. The subjects were 263 students, from 4 elementary schools located in G-city. Data were collected from July, 2014 and analyzed using SPSS 19.0 program. The prevalence of addiction risk group and non-addicted group were 16.0% and 84.0%, respectively. The variables which had statistically significant differences with smart phone addiction of general characteristics are grade, living together family, economic status, school record, motivation for usage, advantage of usage and using time (p<.05). There was pure correlation between the smartphone addiction and impulsivity (r=.496, p<.001), daily stress (r=.471, p<.001). However, perceived parental attitude (r=-.375, p<.001) and self-esteem (r=-.444, p<.001) were inverse correlation with smartphone addiction. Higher using time, higher impulsivity and higher daily stress were all associated with increased of smartphone addiction level. These results suggest that more attentions should be given to early adolescents and could be effectively used as fundamental data to develop intervention programs, which can prevent the smartphone addiction.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.249-259
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dental technology students' life stress and smartphone addiction in order to detect smartphone over-users early, prevent them from getting addicted, and obtain basic data for creating a positive environment for academic achievement by using smartphone in a right way. Methods: The subjects of this study were university students at D University and G University in Daejeon Metropolitan City and Gangwon-do. A questionnaire survey was conducted to the subjects who understood the purpose of this study and participated in it from March 1 to June 10, 2018, and 243 were finally analyzed except 24 questionnaires without sufficient answers. Results: As a result of multiple regression analysis with variables, which were significant in univariate analysis, as independent variables, there were gender and smartphone dependency as general characteristics affecting the degree of smartphone addiction, and family relations and future problems among stress sub-factors were selected as significant variables. Conclusion : In the case of college students, they choose the smartphone as the easiest way to relieve stress because they lack the time and space to actually release stress. Therefore, club activities or on-campus and extra-curricular activities are recommended, and it needs to seek a way to get rid of stress by solving the cause of stress through counseling.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.147-159
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• 2014

This study aims to offer a wide range of practical implications for Smartphone addiction prevention by verifying the effect of mind health as a factor that is influenced by Smartphone addiction, and testing the relationships between Smartphone addiction and mind health with school life adaptation as a mediation effect. For this research, a survey was conducted of 250 elementary school students who use Smartphones. The relationships between Smartphone addiction, mind health and school life adaptation were set as the structural equation model, and they were verified by the mediation effect of school life adaptation. The results showed that school life adaptation turned out to be an entirely mediating variable on the relationship between mind health and Smartphone addiction. The statistical significance of the effect on school life adaptation was verified by the Sobel test. The mediation effect resulted in mind health reducing the occurrence of negative emotion of school life adaptation, and also reinforced decreased Smartphone use.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.229-237
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• 2019

The present study examined the mediating effects of self-esteem on the relationships between adult attachment and smartphone addiction. Participants were recruited from universities in a number of cities in Korea and they were given the survey including instruments that measured adult attachment, self-esteem, and smartphone addiction. Total 230 participants' data were analyzed and the results indicated anxious attachment was significantly positively correlated with smartphone addiction but negatively associated with self-esteem. Avoidant attachment was only negatively associated with self-esteem. Furthermore, self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between anxious attachment and smartphone addiction. Current findings can contribute to the development of the effective prevention/intervention programs of smart phone addiction for a young adults.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.185-191
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• 2019

The use of smartphone improves convenience and efficiency in modern people's lives but threatens the mental health of individuals by manifesting an addiction phenomenon that is difficult for everyday life without a smartphone. In particular, it is suggested that the effects of the smartphone addiction of firefighters who have a high level of job stress due to work environment exposed to disaster and fire have a very negative effect on their personal well-being and job performance. Therefore, the analysis of the relationship between firefighters' smartphone addiction and stress will be helpful in examining the problems of stress management. This study analyzed the relationship and influence between smartphone addiction and stress of firefighters. Total study subjects were 230 and SPSS 20.0 was used. Statistical methods are group analysis (t-test and ANOVA) and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study show that firefighters' household type and monthly income have a significant effect on stress. Of the sub-factors of smartphone addiction, withdrawal experience has a statistically significant effect on stress. The results of the study will provide empirical data on the smartphone addiction of fire service employees.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.76-81
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• 2021

Objective: Smartphone addiction can cause forward head posture, carpal tunnel syndrome and depression, and anxiety. Various interventions have been proposed to resolve Smartphone addiction. However, research regarding the efficacy of these interventions remains lacking. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of tDCS (Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation) on smartphone addiction solution and stress reduction. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: The participants were divided randomly into two group (tDCS vs. Control). tDCS was applied to 41 adults (22.95±2.76 years). The tDCS group was applied 2 mA, for 13 minutes twice over a 26 minute period (n₁ = 21). The control (n₂ = 20) was not applied after padding and was applied twice for 13 minutes over a 26 minute period. This study was conducted four times a week for a total of four weeks. Results: Smartphone addiction for tDCS showed significant improvement in the results in the S-score (p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.702, 4.922), and the result of heart rate (HR) and skin conductivity (SC) to stress. The tDCS group and control group showed no significant decrese in the results in the HR (p>0.05, 95% CI: -3.390, 8.332), but tDCS group showed significant decrese in the results in the SC (p<0.05, 95% CI: 0.060, 1.343) Conclusions: This study suggected that smartphone addiction treatment and decreses of stress. The use of tDCS will reduce the addiction rate of adults and reduce stress, so that possible side effects in society can be solved.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.977-985
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• 2016

Homelessness is recognized as a problem of lack of housing as well as a social problem entangled by complex problems such as unemployment, family breakdown, social exclusion, health and suicide. In order to search for the specificity of any particular addiction type, we conducted a survey on the addiction and mental health status of the homeless. One of our findings indicated that alcoholism was mainly found more in older homeless; however, internet game and smart phone addiction was found more in younger generations. We hope that our study is meaningful as a typification work at the current stage because there have been few studies in Korea on homeless youth and no study about homeless people's addiction problems other than alcoholism.