• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2010

The Finnish risk assessment practice is based on the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Act aiming to improve working conditions in order maintain the employees' work ability, and to prevent occupational accidents and diseases. In practice there are hundreds of risk assessment methods in use. A simple method is used in small and medium sized enterprises and more complex risk evaluation methods in larger work places. Does the risk management function in the work places in Finland? According to our experience something more is needed. That is, understanding of common and company related benefits of risk management. The wider conclusion is that commitment for risk assessment in Finland is high enough. However, in those enterprises where OSH management was at an acceptable level or above it, there were also more varied and more successfully accomplished actions to remove or reduce the risks than in enterprises, where OSH management was in lower level. In risk assessment it is important to process active technical prevention and exact communication, increase work place attraction and increase job satisfaction and motivation. Investments in OSH are also good business. Low absenteeism due to illness or accidents increases directly the production results by improved quality and quantity of the product. In general Finnish studies have consistently shown that the return of an invested euro is three to seven-old. In national level, according to our calculations the savings could be even 20% of our gross national product.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1031-1038
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of organizational culture on job satisfaction and organizational commitment among employees in small and medium-sized enterprises in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study hypothesized that organizational culture has a significant influence on employees' satisfaction and that satisfaction also significantly impactsorganizational commitment among employees. The data are collected from a sample of 240 office employees. Structural Equation Modeling is used to determine the influence of organizational culture dimensions,including open working environment, salary, and rewards, empowerment, management style, corporate values, on employees' satisfaction and organizational commitment. The findings showed that the five dimensions of organizational culture positively impact employees' satisfaction and that job satisfaction significantly influences organizational commitment. Thus, job satisfaction serves as the bridge between organizational culture and commitment. The current study contributes to providing a practical insight into the relationships between organizational culture, employees' job satisfaction, and organizational commitment. Based on that, managers can develop suitable personnel policies for their organizations to simultaneously enhance employees' performance and satisfaction, which makes them stay with the company.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1139-1145
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• 2021

This study is aimed at developing a measurement instrument for the superior product development program of Deli Serdang cassava, Indonesia. This research population is the target population of Deli Serdang Micro, Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSMEs) which produces cassava. The sample was randomly selected and consisted of 300 MSMEs. The study method is research and development with confirmatory factor analysis using Amos software. The data collection technique was a questionnaire. Study results used the maximum likelihood method which showed that the validity and reliability instruments met the ideal loading factor value > 0.5 and a significance value of p (0.000). The model built also meets the fit criteria based on the Goodness of Fit Model Standard. All instruments are presented to build and measure the superior cassava product development program by Deli Serdang MSMEs. This superior product development program comprises (1) economic contribution (with a loading factor value of 0.76) (2) social aspects (with a loading factor value of 0.76) (3) cultural aspects (with a loading factor value of 0.99) and (4) institutional (with a loading factor value of 0.87). This result means that all instruments have proven construct validity.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2016.10a
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• pp.816-818
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• 2016

The Industry 4.0 should decide work operation of manufacture facilities by itself. But small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs) still not prepared these work operations. In this paper, we had research that work operation manufacture facilities of a management system of mold life-cycle based on CPS. The management system of mold manages life-cycle using by shot, this information offers users by cloud system. This system will help SMEs products quality improve and business operation more efficiency.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.47-55
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• 2021

Developed countries that have experienced decline in productivity due to the economic crisis in the past have come to recognize the smart factory as an important means to strengthen the competitiveness of the manufacturing industry due to the increase in labor costs, the avoidance of the manufacturing industry, and the resolution of the shortage of skilled manpower. The necessity of nurturing manpower for self-maintenance was felt through identifying factors for successful smart factory introduction by companies and providing smart factory education. Therefore, the effects of educational satisfaction and operational competency on self-efficacy as a parameter and self-efficacy as a parameter were analyzed using research models and hypotheses to determine whether there was an effect between job satisfaction as a dependent variable. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the mediating effect of self-efficacy and self-efficacy on job satisfaction was found to have significant effects on operational competency and self-efficacy as parameters, as well as educational satisfaction and operational competency. The implication of this study is that continuous education and innovation activities are important in order to increase the business performance of companies, and through this, the manufacturing competitiveness of SMEs can be improved.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.581-590
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• 2021

The purpose of the research was to investigate the characteristics of technology users, their knowledge about the technology and whether that affected technology adoption, and, through the measurement utilitarian value as a mediator, to find out whether the behavior toward mobile payment technology adoption is considered most effective during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially at this research locus, Central Java Province, Indonesian Batik SME consumers. The research methodology was quantitative with data processing using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the final sample of 294 respondents' answers. To the best of the researcher's knowledge, this was an initial attempt toward a holistic and integrative approach to explain the adoption of mobile payment in Indonesia with different consumer characteristics in each region of Indonesia and varying levels of knowledge about mobile payment applications. The results show that the utilitarian value as a mediating variable only affected the relationship between the characteristics of technology users and adoption behavior. The findings of this study suggest that the stronger the knowledge of technology users, the more influential the adoption behavior of the mobile payment technology for Indonesian Batik small-, and medium-sized enterprise (SME) consumers during the COVID-19 pandemic in the new normal era.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1009-1019
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• 2021

This study examined the effect of market sensing capability and information technology competency (IT competency) on innovation and competitive advantage in small and medium-sized tour operators (SMTOs). This research was conducted on the SMTOs located in three major cities for a tourism destination, meeting, and exhibition in East Java, Indonesia. 175 directors or managers of SMTOs were sampled using the purposive sampling technique. Data was obtained from directors or managers using a structured questionnaire. The empirical data was then analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This study showed that market sensing capability positively and significantly affects innovation. Furthermore, competitive advantage was positively and significantly affected by market sensing capability. Although results showed that IT competence positively and significantly affects innovation, in contrast, it did not positively and significantly affect competitive advantage. These research findings suggest that market sensing capability and innovation have a substantial role in creating a competitive advantage for SMTOs facing the Revolution Industry 4.0 and a dynamic environment. Thus, innovation for SMTOs can be achieved by optimizing the role of market sensing capability and IT competency. However, this study also suggests that the capability or competence will not have any impact on competitive advantage if neither is optimized.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.227-252
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• 2019

This study explores the effects of exports on the innovation of Korean firms listed on two Korean stock markets, the Korean Stock Exchange and the Korean Securities Dealers Quotations, between 1999 and 2016. By matching exporting firms to non-exporting ones with propensity score matching, this study accounts for a problem from sample selection bias that may arise from differences in firm-characteristics between the two groups. From the study results, first, both export participation and export volume significantly increase subsequent innovation performance, as measured by the number of patent applications. This result seems to support the "learning by exporting" hypothesis for Korean listed firms. Second, both export participation and export volume narrow innovation scope, proxied as the number of unique International Patent Classification (IPC) codes of the patent applied, the degree to which patents are concentrated in a particular class, and the degree of proximity in the patents. The findings of innovation scope suggest a possible explanation that the learning effect appears in familiar technology fields that firms have previously held, rather than in unfamiliar ones. Third, these results are robust using alternative proxies in the innovation scope, Tobit regressions to consider the non-trivial portion of sample firms with patent applications equal to zeros, and generalized method of moments (GMM) to control for the persistence of innovation measures hearing over years. Finally, the two main results are more pronounced in large firms than in small and medium-sized ones. As for Chaebol firms, however, these results do not appear.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.53-62
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• 2022

Commercial banks have a significant impact on the economy of Vietnam because they provide the majority of transactional capital. Therefore, the operational efficiency of commercial banks is a viral topic for the study of the Vietnamese banking system. The research aims to examine the efficiency and inefficiency of joint-stock commercial banks in Vietnam from 2016 to 2020 and then classify them into the efficient group and inefficient group. The study employs the time series data of 29 joint-stock commercial banks during the period 2016-2020. Based on the data collected from the annual audited financial statements of 29 Vietnamese joint-stock commercial banks, the authors select input and output variables for the standard DEA models and anti-efficient DEA models. This research uses two stages, first, by applying the standard DEA model, we investigate the efficient banks; second, by employing the anti-efficient DEA model, we find out the inefficient banks. The results reveal that the average efficiency score of 29 joint-stock commercial banks tends to increase in the period 2016-2018 and decrease gradually in the period 2019-2020. The findings of this study suggest that several small and medium-sized banks in the Vietnamese banking sector have both promising and risky performances and the efficiency of state-owned commercial banks has also improved significantly during the study period.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.71-85
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• 2021

Purpose - Prior studies have found that the characteristics of managers, corporate governance structure, corporate social responsibility and so on affect firm value. This study explores whether managerial overconfidence affects firm value through empirical analysis. Design/methodology/approach - Korean-listed non-financial companies from 2011 - 2017 are collected as the research sample. Firm value is measured by Tobin's Q, and managerial overconfidence is measured using a composite index encompassing various financial data. OLS and fixed effect model are used to investigate the relationship between managerial overconfidence and firm value. Findings - Managerial overconfidence is positively associated with firm value. Additional analysis reveals the following: (1) In the three subsamples of large, backbone, and small- and medium-sized enterprises, managerial overconfidence is beneficial to firm values. (2) Managerial overconfidence increases firm value on the t+1 year. Research implications or Originality - We use a comprehensive index with higher trust and feasibility to measure manager overconfidence and empirically confirm that managerial overconfidence can become a factor to improve firm value. Thus, it is necessary for shareholders to adopt an objective and neutral attitude and reasonably understand the psychological characteristics of managers when selecting CEOs. In addition, it is necessary to continue to optimize the measurement method of managerial overconfidence.