• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.649-655
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• 2020

This study determined effective educational strategies by investigating and analyzing the related educational demands for SMEs (small and medium-sized enterprises) in the 4th Industrial Revolution based area of smart farms. In order to derive the approprate educational strategies, Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) and Borich's Needs Assessment Model were conducted based on the smart farm technological field. As a result, the education demand survey showed high demand for production systems and intelligent farm machinery. In detail, Borich's analysis showed the need for pest prevention and diagnosis technology (8.03), network and analysis SW linkage technology (7.83), and intelligent farm worker-agricultural power system-electric energy hybrid technology (7.43). In contrast, smart plant factories (4.09), lighting technology for growth control (4.46) and structure construction technology (4.62) showed low demands. Based on this, the IPA portfolio shows that the network and analysis SW linkage technology and the CAN-based complex center are urgently needed. However, the technology that has already been developed, such as smart factory platform development, growth control lighting technology and structure construction technology, was oversized. Based on these results, it is possible to strategically suggest the customized training programs for industrial sectors of SMEs that reflect the needs for efficiently operating smart farms. This study also provides effective ways to operate the relevant training programs.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.230-238
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• 2023

Small and medium-sized food manufacturing enterprises are largely reliant on manual labor, from inputting raw materials to palletizing the final product. Recently, there has been a trend toward smartness and digitization through the implementation of robotics and sensor data technology. In this study, we examined the effectiveness of improvement through 3D simulation on two repetitive work processes within a food manufacturing company. These processes involve workers whose speed cannot match the capacity of the applied equipment. Two manual processes were selected: the weighing and packing process performed by workers after skewer assembly, and the manual batch process of counting randomly delivered frozen foods, packing (both internal and external), and palletizing. The production volume, utilization rate, and number of workers were chosen as verification indicators. As a result of the simulation for improving the 3D process, production increased by 13.5% and 56.8% compared to the existing process, respectively. This was particularly evident in the process of applying palletizing robots. In both processes, as the utilization rate and number of input workers decreased, robots could replace tasks with high worker fatigue, thereby reducing work overload. This study demonstrates the potential to visually compare the process flow improvement using 3D simulations and confirms the possibility of pre-validation for improvement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.137-157
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• 2023

The scale of research and development (R&D) investment is increasing to strengthen national competitiveness through technological innovation, leading to an increased interest in investment efficiency. In records management, the National Archives of Korea has been leading the national research and development project since 2008. Accordingly, this study analyzed R&D projects in records management regarding implementing organization, performance or outcomes, and subjects, targeting 111 National Archives of Korea contract research projects from 2008 to 2022. The analysis showed that small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) were the most likely to conduct research, the majority of the research outcomes were academic publications, and there were some discrepancies between the reported performance in research and the actual performance. In terms of research subjects, the most common type of records are paper or print documents, establishing an electronic management system among the National Archives' works. In terms of the frequency of keywords in the records management process and research projects, it was found that research was mainly conducted on "preservation." Meanwhile, only 10 cases, or 9% of the 111 projects, were found to be relevant in terms of utilizing big data and developing intelligent technologies related to digital transformation. Therefore, the effectiveness of the R&D project must be improved through follow-up management of the results even after the research project is completed. In addition, in terms of research topics, it was identified that aside from "preservation," studies focusing on "transfer," "classification," "evaluation," and "collection," as well as research that responds to digital transformation, are needed.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.225-236
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• 2023

Policy implications were derived by comparing/analyzing innovative SMEs and general SMEs that obtained innovation certification from 2015 to 2021 in terms of survival period. Work experience, scale (employment, capital and debt size, sales and operating profit) Korean standard industry classification (2 digit) was used to select general SMEs similar to innovative SMEs. Survival period was calculated by defining suspension, closure and overdue equivalent to default as events. As a result of the survival analysis, innovative SMEs showed a 9.8% reduction in the risk of delinquency compared to general SMEs, indicating that the survival period of innovative SMEs was significantly longer. In addition, it was found that the work experience and size (employment, capital) of SMEs had a positive effect on the survival period, but debt had a negative effect on the survival period. This means that the innovation certification system centered on innovation capabilities and future growth potential is a significant indicator in terms of survival period. As a result, it was concluded that the benefits and support policies provided by the innovation certification system need to be more systematic and sophisticated by reflecting the work experience and industry for the actual growth and survival of SMEs.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.31-53
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to find out the factors affecting the usage and performance of e-Trade in Chinese Small and Medium-sized Enterprises(SMEs). To achieve the purpose of the study, the research model and hypotheses, depicting the relationship among external factors, internal factors, relationship characteristics, e-Trade usage level, and performance were developed based on the existing literature on e-Trade. To test the significance of the research model and hypotheses, an empirical survey were conducted to the Chinese SMEs in Yangtze River Delta area, which are actively using the e-Trade in their trade processes. According to the result of the statistical analyses on the 85 effective questionnaires from the sample firms, support of the government related institutions(one of the external factors) and CEO's support(one of the internal factors) had significant relationship with e-Trade usage level, but no significant relationship was found between the relationship characteristics and e-Trade usage level. Like the results of the most of the existing literature, e-Trade usage level were formed to significantly affected the e-Trade performance. Finally, based on results of the empirical survey, several implications on the Chinese SME's e-Trade strategies and policy alternatives were proposed as a concluding remark.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.117-125
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• 2020

According to the government's smart factory promotion project for small and medium-sized enterprises, more than 10,000 intelligent factories are scheduled or already built in the country and the government-led goal is to nurture 100,000 skilled workers by 2022. Smart Factory introduces numerous types of education and training courses from the supplier's point of view, such as training institutions belonging to local governments, some universities, and public organizations, in the form of an efficient resource management system and ICT technology convergence in the automated manufacturing equipment. The lack of linkage with the NCS, the standard for training, seems to have room for rethinking and direction. Results of survey is provided for the family companies of K-University in the metropolitan area and Chungnam area, and analyzes job demands by identifying whether or not they want to introduce smart factories. Defining the practitioners who will serve as a window for the introduction of smart factory technology within the company, setting up a training goal in consideration of the career path, and including the level of training required competency units, optional competency units, and training time suitable for introducing and operating smart factories. Author would like to present an NCS-based qualification design plan.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.57-84
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• 2013

New product development(NPD) is imperative management activity for growth and survival of the firm. In the context of the small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs), the firm became further dependent upon NPD with the increasing turbulence in environments. This research suggests the role of entrepreneurship orientation(EO) and absorptive capacity(ACAP) that affect the success rate of NPD in SMEs. Although each of them has been highlighted as critical resources in the aspect of the sustainable competitive advantage, the relationship and the effect between EO and ACAP have received scant attention. Based on the sample of 261 Korean SMEs, this study examines the direct/indirect effect of EO and ACAP on NPD performance. While innovativeness of EO has the direct effect on NPD performance, both risk-taking and proactiveness of EO show no significance. While realized ACAP has the positive influence on NPD performance, potential ACAP shows no significant influence. In addition, we found that the impact of innovativeness on NPD performance was being partially mediated by ACAP whereas the relationship between proactiveness and NPD performance being fully mediated by ACAP. These findings would provide generic insights that both exploration and exploitation regarding knowledge and resources in SMEs are necessary in order to increase NPD performance and two activities have to align with EO.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

It can be said that it has various effects on the organization depending on the leadership of the boss, including the CEO, who is the main agent of management. In this study, Servant Leadership is the subject of research, and the concept of Servant Leadership is established as Servant Leadership, in which subordinates who are members of a corporate organization perceive their bosses in the course of performing their duties. In this study, we examined the impact of Servant leadership on job satisfaction and non-financial organizational performance, analyzed the impact of Servant leadership on subordinates, and analyzed the mediated effects of ethics in relation to Servant leadership and job performance. The subjects of this study conducted a survey of 300 workers at small and medium-sized enterprises nationwide from March 15 to April 20, 2021, and used 273 data as empirical analysis data. Data analysis uses the SPSS 24.0 and AMOS 24.0 Statistical Analysis programs. Research has shown that Servant leadership is affecting job satisfaction and non-financial organizational performance. These results are absolutely necessary for management practice in various ways, such as strengthening servant leadership, to enhance job satisfaction and non-financial organizational performance, so it is necessary to develop and implement a program to feel unity with the organization. Therefore, organizational leaders need to create new ideas and actions to suit their objectives. To do so, it suggests that it is important to create a horizontal organizational structure in which fresh views can be derived rather than a vertical organizational structure that follows only the command system.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.175-192
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• 2020

This study analyzed the effects of corporate dynamic capabilities on enterprise performance by using ambidextrous innovation activities as mediators, focusing on SME employees. The sub-variables of dynamic capabilities were divided into opportunity exploration capability, resource acquisition capability, and resource reconstruction capability. 282 questionnaires collected from small and medium-sized enterprises residing in the metropolitan area were used for empirical analysis. SPSS v22.0 and Process macro v3.4 were used to analyze the parallel multiple mediation model. First, the results of the analysis showed that opportunity exploration capability, resource acquisition capability had a positive (+) effect on the ambidextrous innovation activities, and the effect of resource reconstruction capability on ambidextrous innovation activities was not significant. Second, the ambidextrous innovation activities had a significant effect on the enterprise performance. Third, it was found that opportunity exploration capability and resource acquisition capability had a positive (+) effect on enterprise performance, and the effect of resource reconstruction capability on enterprise performance was not significant. Fourth, the ambidextrous innovation activity mediated the relationship between opportunity exploration capability and enterprise performance. Fifth, the ambidextrous innovation activity mediated the relationship between resource acquisition capability and enterprise performance. Sixth, the ambidextrous innovation activity did not mediate the resource reconstruction capability and the enterprise performance. As a follow-up study, it is necessary to find third mediators besides the mediators used in this study, analyze the serial mediation model through these, and study for the moderated mediation analysis through the conditional process model in which the moderator is introduced.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.153-172
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• 2013

Small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) have limited human and material resources than large firms. SMEs are characterized by high risk and dynamic working environments. Thus human resources having knowledge and technologies are very important factor for survival and performance in SMEs. Recently, as core employee group is a key asset to firm competitiveness, many SMEs attend to set up core employee policy and system. The purposes of this research are to examine the effect of core employee policy and core employee management system on competitiveness of human resource and organizational commitment in SMEs. The major findings of the research are core employee policy have non-significant influence core employee management system, core employee policy have positive influence competitiveness of human resource, core employee management system have non-significant influence competitiveness of human resource, and competitiveness of human resource have positive influence organizational commitment in SMEs.