• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2014

This paper deals with design of a direct-coupled, small-scaled permanent magnet generator (PMG) for wind power application. First, this paper determines rated power and speed of the PMG from measured characteristics of wind turbines. Second, we derive analytical solutions for the open-circuit field in order to determine optimum magnet thickness and pole pitch/arc ratio. Third, on the basis of open circuit field solutions, stator magnetic circuit including slot opening, teeth width and yoke thickness is designed. And then, a diameter of stator coil which agree with a required current density is calculated, and its turns are determined from the area of slot considering winding packing factor. Finally, finite element (FE) method is employed in analyzing the details of the designed PMG and, test results such as back-emf measurements are given to confirm the design.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제3권5호
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• pp.301-312
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• 2006

Experimental research revealed that the spatial dispersion of aggregate grains exerts pronounced influences on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. Therefore, insight into this phenomenon is of paramount importance. Experimental approaches do not provide direct access to three-dimensional spacing information in concrete, however. Contrarily, simulation approaches are mostly deficient in generating packing systems of aggregate grains with sufficient density. This paper therefore employs a dynamic simulation system (with the acronym SPACE), allowing the generation of dense random packing of grains, representative for concrete aggregates. This paper studies by means of SPACE packing structures of aggregates with a Fuller type of size distribution, generally accepted as a suitable approximation for actual aggregate systems. Mean free spacing $\bar{\lambda}$, mean nearest neighbour distance (NND) between grain centres $\bar{\Delta}_3$, and the probability density function of ${\Delta}_3$ are used to characterize the spatial dispersion of aggregate grains in model concretes. Influences on these spacing parameters are studied of volume fraction and the size range of aggregate grains. The values of these descriptors are estimated by means of stereological tools, whereupon the calculation results are compared with measurements. The simulation results indicate that the size range of aggregate grains has a more pronounced influence on the spacing parameters than exerted by the volume fraction of aggregate. At relatively high volume density of aggregates, as met in the present cases, theoretical and experimental values are found quite similar. The mean free spacing is known to be independent of the actual dispersion characteristics (Underwood 1968); it is a structural parameter governed by material composition. Moreover, scatter of the mean free spacing among the serial sections of the model concrete in the simulation study is relatively small, demonstrating the sample size to be representative for composition homogeneity of aggregate grains. The distribution of ${\Delta}_3$ observed in this study is markedly skew, indicating a concentration of relatively small values of ${\Delta}_3$. The estimate of the size of the representative volume element (RVE) for configuration homogeneity based on NND exceeds by one order of magnitude the estimate for structure-insensitive properties. This is in accordance with predictions of Brown (1965) for composition and configuration homogeneity (corresponding to structure-insensitive and structure-sensitive properties) of conglomerates.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.26-33
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• 1992

반복작업에 종사하는 모 사업장 포장부서 근로자 42명을 대상으로 수근터널증후군에 대한 중상, 이학적 검사 및 근전도 검사를 1991년 11월부터 1992년 3월까지 실시하였다. 양손 모두에서 근전도상 이상소견을 보인 경우가 4명, 오른쪽 손에만 이상소견을 보인 경우가 4명 그리고 왼손이 1명 등 총 9명으로서 21.4%의 높은 유병률을 나타내었다. 임상중상은 전체 42명중 66.7%에 해당되는 28명에서 나타났다. Tinel과 Phalen sign 등 이학적 검사에서 이상소견을 보인 경우는 14명으로 전체의 33.3%를 차지하였다. 그리고 키와 임신 횟수를 제외한 수근터널증후군에 대한 다른 일반적 위험요인은 환자군과 비환자군에서 유의한 차이는 없었다. 근전도 검사를 기준으로 하였을 때 임상증상에 대한 민감도는 0.89, 특이도는 0.39이었고 Tinel sign에서는 각각 0.33, 0.88 그리고 Phalen sign에서는 0.56, 0.82 등이었다. 임상증상이 있고 Tinel과 Phalen sign에서 어느 하나 양성으로 나타나는 것을 선별기준으로 하였을 경우의 민감도와 특이도는 0.57, 0.76이었다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.241-244
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• 2013

The authors describe the use of a self-expandable stent in a temporary deployment for treatment of a very wide-neck A1 segment of anterior cerebral artery (ACA) aneurysm following incomplete clipping. A 39-year-old hypertensive man presenting with seizure-like movement underwent computed tomography, which showed acute subarachnoid hemorrhage and an A1 segment of ACA aneurysm with superior and inferior projection. He underwent surgical clipping of the aneurysm, but superior and posterior portion of wide-neck aneurysm remained. We decided to treat the remnant aneurysm using an endovascular modality. After selection of the aneurysm, coil packing was performed assisted by the temporary semi-jailing technique. The Enterprise stent (Cordis Neurovascular, Miami, FL, USA) was deployed and recaptured repeatedly for angiography to ensure safety of the small caliber parent artery. Successful semi-deployment and recapture of the stent allowed subtotal coil occlusion of the aneurysm with good anatomic and clinical results. No complications were encountered. The stent could be recaptured up to the point where the proximal end of the stent marker was aligned with distal marker band of the microcatheter, approximately 70% of the stent length. The temporary semi-jailing technique is feasible for wide-neck aneurysm with small caliber parent artery.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.558-564
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• 2013

수축성이 강한 원예용 상토를 용기에 충전할 때 충전량 변화에 따른 물리성 변화를 구명하기 위해서 본 연구를 수행하였다. 피트모스 + 팽연왕겨(8:2, v/v; PM + ERH), 피트모스 + 훈탄(6:4; PM + CRH) 및 피트모스 + 분쇄부숙수피(8:2; PM + GRPB)의 세 종류 상토를 혼합 조제하였다. 작물 재배를 위한 최적 가비중을 기초로 직경이 6.0, 7.5, 8.5, 10.5 및 12.5cm의 용기에 90, 100, 110, 120 및 130%가 되도록 상토 충전량을 조절한 후 공극률, 용기용수량 및 기상률의 변화를 측정하였다. 모든 크기의 화분에 세 종류 혼합상토의 충전량이 많아질수록 뚜렷하게 공극률이 감소하였다. 그러나 용기의 크기가 작아질수록 세 종류 상토의 공극률이 유사한 경향을 보이며 감소하고 각 상토별 차이도 크지 않았지만 용기의 크기가 커질수록 공극률 감소의 상토별 차이가 커지는 경향이었다. 상토 충전량이 많아질수록 용기용수량도 뚜렷하게 낮아졌다. 훈탄이 포함된 PM + CRH 상토는 직경 8.5cm 이하의 작은 용기에서 세 종류 상토중 용기용수량이 가장 낮았지만 직경 10.5cm 이상으로 용기가 커질수록 용기용수량이 가장 높았으며 화분의 크기 및 상토종류에 따라 다른 경향을 보이며 물리성이 변함을 알 수 있었다. 모든 규격의 화분에서 상토 충전량 증가는 기상률이 뚜렷하게 감소하는 원인이 되었다. 그러나 PM + GRPB가 혼합된 상토가 팽연왕겨나 훈탄이 포함된 상토 보다 모든 충전밀도에서 기상률이 2배 이상 높았다. 또한 상토 충전량이 많아져도 큰 화분에서는 기상률의 감소한 정도가 크지 않았지만 액상률의 감소한 정도가 컸다. 이상의 연구 결과는 혼합상토를 이용한 작물 재배에서 상토의 충전량이 증가할 경우 공극률, 기상률 및 액상률이 감소하지만 이는 용기의 크기 및 상토 종류에 따라 감소 정도가 달라질 수 있음을 나타낸다. 또한 본 연구 결과는 상토를 이용한 용기재배에서 충전량 차이에 따른 물리성 변화를 예측하기 위한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2007

A feeding system is a key component in manufacturing packing boxes such as printing, slotting and gluing. The role of the feeding system is to feed corrugate cardboards which is usually tick and large. So, a special method is necessary to feed corrugate cardboards. This paper suggests a concept and an automatic feeding machine to feed corrugated cardboards using TRIZ, the theory of inventive problem solving. The automatic feeding machine consists of units to regulate the machine according to length and width of corrugated cardboards, a feeding part with a plurality of small rollers, and a sucking part which intensify frictional force between rollers and the lowest feeding cardboard. In particular, the feeding part is composed of an up-and-down motion plate with holes to suck the lowest corrugated cardboard as well as small rolling rollers after stopping in a moment. Thus this machine does not sensitive to size of corrugated cardboards and also can keep feeding accuracy during feeding fast.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2012

Purpose - Korean traditional markets are falling behind the times, because they have not met the demands of social changes including: an overall improvement in standards of living, shift in purchasing form and propagation of cars. It is one of the most indigenous and conventional foods of Korea, taking a seat far in the corner of Korean traditional culture. Research design / data / methodology - Korean traditional rice cakes however have their limits. They are produced and sold by independent shop owners who cannot compete with the brand power of franchise organizations. The leadership of adminstration is needed for these shop owners particularly in visual merchandising related to interior design and display. Results - Additionally, the advent of major company-run rice cake cafe adds fresh fuel to the problem in addition to small but luxurious packaging. Small business owners need packaging technology for overall quality improvement of sales of rice cakes. Additional help is needed with the mode of packing to promote sales and win consumer confidence. Conclusions - Further assistance with marketing for seasonal displays is needed as well as teaching business owners how to read graphic data. Regular specialized education for visual merchandising of rice cakes could help independent market owners win the competition against franchise-based organizations.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 1998

The texture change of non-linear optical molecules at the air/water interface was investigated as a function of surface pressure with Brewster angle microscopy. The texture change resulted from the aggregation of dye molecules is important to understand the film uniformity and grain formation process. The 4-Octadecylhydroxy-4'-nitrostilbene (OHNS) generated the small spots of size around 1$\mu$m. The spots exhibit high contrast with other film area and do not show angle dependent reflectivity change. It is interesting to observe that the size of the domain stays the same as the film pressure increases. At high surface pressure, the contrast ratio of domains becomes high, which means dense packing of OHNS. And, the size of domain grows. In the middle of domain, highly contrasted domains are formed. The first and the second order transitions of OHNS observed from surface pressure-area isotherm result from the two types of grains. The N,N-Dihexadecylcyanoaniline (DHCA) formed highly contrasted gains over entire region, and the grains are the double layers. The difference in Langmuir film of OHNS and DHCA at the air/water interface is consistent with the small tilt angle from the surface normal for OHNS and the large tilt angle for DHCA in the Langmuir-Blodgett films.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1027-1033
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• 2016

There is an increasing need for manufacturing systems to produce batches in small quantities. Such manufacturing systems are significantly difficult to develop with conventional automation equipment. Recently, several research groups have applied industrial dual-arm robots to cell production lines. A synchronization method for robots is necessary for the cell production process when robots work in a shared workspace. Conventional automation factories do not need this method because the main control system operates all of the machines or robots. However, our intended application for the developed robot is in small manufacturing environments that cannot install an expensive main control system. We propose an inexpensive and high-performance method with a simple digital in/out channel using a real-time communication protocol. The developed method was validated in a pilot production line for cellular phone packing.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.363-368
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• 2012

Nitriding and post-sintering behavior of powder mixture compacts were investigated. As mixture compacts are different from simple Si compacts, the fabrication of a sintered body with a mixture composition has engineering implications. In this research, in specimens without a pore former, the extent of nitridation increased with $Si_3N_4$ content, while the highest extent of nitridation was measured in $Si_3N_4$-free composition when a pore former was added. Large pores made from the thermal decomposition of the pore former collapsed, and they were filled with a reaction product, reaction-bonded silicon nitride (RBSN) in the $Si_3N_4$-free specimen. On the other hand, pores from the decomposed pore former were retained in the $Si_3N_4$-added specimen. Introduction of small $Si_3N_4$ particles ($d_{50}=0.3{\mu}m$) into a powder compact consisting of large silicon particles ($d_{50}=7{\mu}m$) promoted close packing in the green body compact, and resulted in a stable strut structure after decomposition of the pore former. The local packing density of the strut structure depends on silicon to $Si_3N_4$ size ratio and affected both nitriding reaction kinetics and microstructure in the post-sintered body.