• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.131-145
• /
• 2020

As the population of consumers of outdoor wear expands, there is increasing interest among consumers in trendy lifestyle outdoor. Accordingly, it is essential to develop designs that are drawn from outdoor wear. This can be limited to traditional mountaineering suits, and designs developed from men's outdoor zip-up T-shirts, which are highly utilized in everyday life, are very important. This study developed the design of a summer zip-up T-shirt for men with both functional and aesthetic qualities. Visual images of foreign brands and domestic outdoor-focused T-shirts from the spring/summer seasons of 2013-2019 were collected to analyze the following modeling elements: silhouettes, details, colors, materials, and prints. In addition, the design concept was derived by analyzing presentations from the global outdoor trade Fairs (2013-2019). To develop a sustainable eco-friendly outdoor summer T-shirt for men, the concept was derived according to three categories: eco-friendly, sportism-expressed active elements of sports, and an outro-concept of urban town wear as an outdoor lifestyle. Thus, a total of 12 styles of design were developed. High utilization of the outdoor wear T-shirts (which are also popular as lifestyle wear), is an important aspect of building a segmented lineup of the slow-growing outdoor wear market and supports expansion of the scope of theoretical research on outdoor wear design.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.81-101
• /
• 2021

Traditional department stores have been struggling to attract customers for several years. Many retail stores have closed in recent years, even before the COVID-19 pandemic. The reinvention of in-store shopping value and experience is imperative to attract customers and reinvigorate retail business. The purpose of this study was to discover which in-store components can improve customer experiences and loyalty while also identifying dissatisfaction issues in consumer experiences in department stores. The data was collected from two consumer groups-luxury department store (Selfridges) customers and mid-market department store (Debenhams) customers-to identify the types of value and experiences they seek most often. The findings showed that to enhance their store patronage, Debenhams should reposition their brand image in a way that allows customers to connect with their self-image and lifestyle by improving efficiency and convenience and prioritizing the utilitarian and social value types. By contrast, Selfridges should enhancetheir store atmosphere, visual merchandising and sensory experiences by maximizing slow retailing experiences and emphasizing the aspirational self-concept image for symbolic and hedonic value. This research uncovered the existence of numerous overlappingvalue dimensions, each of which contributed to the enhancement of the others. Several young customers expressed their support for ecologically responsible, cost-effective second-hand luxury products. Instead of focusing merely on conventional value dimensions, department retailers should determine how environmental and ethical objectives can be fulfilled. This study explained how department stores can craft their in-store environments to appeal to their customers' preferred value types to ensure success in a competitive market.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.8 no.6
• /
• pp.806-821
• /
• 2000

Each and everything named fashion together with clothes were limited in the boundary of women and men's wear has been slow and narrow in changing speed compared to women's, even there are some differences in accordance time. But maintaining the basic features, men's wear in the latter 20th century has undergone diverse change in the part of materials such as various synthetic fiber, glass, metal, artificial leather and the see-through fabric able to seeing the body wearing the clothes. Therefore, the aim and definition of this study is to present the systematic framework giving help to develop men's wear design newer and more various by considering moulding of materials which existing men's wear could not show up and by grasping material trend of men's clothes in 1990s. The results of the study were summarized as follows : (1) Material containing lustering is categorized as Velvet, Silk, Lustering materials by synthetic fiber and Lustering materials by additional substance. The Velvet generally acknowledged having something to feel womanly image shows the bisexual character coexisting feature of men and women after grafting with men'fashion. The Silk was endowed the role as means of pleasure to express beyond boundary of sex breaking the existing consciousness which men should wear male clothes, not considering differences between men and women. The lustering made by synthetic fiber expressed modern sensitivity aesthetically to the suit. The lustering materials made by additional substance is seen mixed masculine character with womanly character. (2) See-through materials are acknowledged as decadence beauty caused by expanding subjective awareness in beauty. (3) Materials by the sorts of Net is categorized as Lace, Knit The Lace expression seemed to emphases the human liberation of men and women and the humanity from liberation of subjecthood. The Knit can be felt both woman's image and man's image as bisexual image, not raising only one side sex. (4) Elastic materials offered the opportunity to approve exposure in a time when exposure of men's body was not granted ethically. (5) Leather was shown as indication of social status and inferiority and expression of collective resistance against sexual stagnation of men and women.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.190-203
• /
• 2015

The fashion industry has been rearranged by Global SPA brands (like ZARA and H&M), which are powerful retailers that integrate the value chain ranging from manufacturing to sales. SPA brands can offer good quality of clothing at a reasonable price by cutting the margin between the supply chain. They are also called fast fashions since they make expedited efforts to respond to market trends and consumers. Despite the slow growth of the fashion industry in Korea, as global SPA brands rapidly expand market share, traditional fashion companies have launched several SPA brands such as MIXXO and SPAO (E-LAND), 8SECONDS (CHEIL INDUSTRIES). The few academic studies on this subject are focused on the analysis of secondary data such as news and books. The current research is qualitative and empirical attempts to explore the success factor of SPA brands with analysis of 1:1 in-depth interviews with experts who have worked for global SPAs such as Uniqlo, H&M, and ZARA, based on the grounded theory. The main phenomenon was shown to be that global SPA brands were popular since they offer a variety of products with a large assortment at reasonable and cheap prices in a large scale and multifunctional retail store. Most of them displayed main phenomena that can be realized due to the purchasing cycle of clothing that is shorter with consumers' regarding clothing as consumables. Global SPA brands had three types of marketing strategy: sellable product, sales strategy according to consumer response, and multifunctional stores. Each global SPA brand developed marketing strategies based on core competency and national conditions. The three success factors shorten the consumer decision making process of clothing. This study concludes with implications for practitioners of SPA brands born in Korea.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.7 no.4
• /
• pp.19-27
• /
• 2002

An efficient implicit multigrid method is presented for the Navier-Stokes and k-ω turbulence equations. Freezing and limiting strategies are applied to improve the robustness and convergence of the multigrid method. The eddy viscosity and strongly nonlinear production terms of turbulence are frozen in the coarser grids by passing down the values without update of them. The turbulence equations together with the Navier-Stokes equations, however, are consecutively solved on the coarser grids in a loosely coupled fashion. A simple limit for k is also introduced to circumvent slow-down of convergence. Numerical results for the unseparated and separated transonic airfoil flows show that all computations converge well without any robustness problem and the computing time is reduced to a factor of about 3 by the present multigrid method.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
• /
• 2002.08a
• /
• pp.31-34
• /
• 2002

An efficient implicit multigrid method is presented for the Navier-Stokes and $k-{\omega}$ turbulence equations. Freezing and limiting strategies are applied to improve the robustness and convergence of the multigrid method. The eddy viscosity and strongly nonlinear production terms of turbulence are frozen in the coarser grids by passing down the values without update of them. The turbulence equations together with the Navier-Stokes equations, however, are consecutively solved on the coarser grids in a loosely coupled fashion. A simple limit for k is also introduced to circumvent slow-down of convergence. Numerical results for the unseparated and separated transonic airfoil flows show that all computations converge well without any robustness problem and the computing time is reduced to a factor of about 3 by the present multigrid method.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.115-125
• /
• 2013

Unexpected consumer dissatisfaction emerges through rapid growth and expansion of on-line shopping channel. This research focused on the fashion online retail channels' negative aspect caused by service failure which possibly disappointed consumers. We also tried to seek for appropriate service recovery types based on frequently offered recovery types on-line. Data from college students were analyzed. Results indicate that fitting problem, insufficient information, product defect, inventory problem and slow delivery were the main service failure types in apparel e-shopping. Regression analysis identified that among these types, insufficient information, product defect, and slow delivery had significant influence on channel satisfaction after post recovery effort. Results also confirmed significant relationships between channel satisfaction and channel switching. Consumers perceived benefit level causes overall channel satisfaction level to rise while perceived risk leads to lower level of channel satisfaction. Choosing desirable service recovery activities in each service failure situations is necessary in order to raise consumer's channel satisfaction in online apparel shopping.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.8
• /
• pp.2796-2813
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a new algorithm called the adaptive logarithmic increase and adaptive decrease algorithm (A-LIAD), which mainly addresses the Round-Trip Time (RTT) fairness problem in satellite networks with a very high propagation delay as an alternative to the current TCP congestion control algorithm. We defined a new increasing function in the fashion of a logarithm depending on the increasing factor ${\alpha}$, which is different from the other logarithmic increase algorithm adopting a fixed value of ${\alpha}$ = 2 leading to a binary increase. In A-LIAD, the ${\alpha}$ value is derived in the RTT function through the analysis. With the modification of the increasing function applied for the congestion avoidance phase, a hybrid scheme is also presented for the slow start phase. From this hybrid scheme, we can avoid an overshooting problem during a slow start phase even without a SACK option. To verify the feasibility of the algorithm for deployment in a high-speed and long-distance network, several aspects are evaluated through an NS-2 simulation. We performed simulations for intra- and interfairness as well as utilization in different conditions of varying RTT, bandwidth, and PER. From these simulations, we showed that although A-LIAD is not the best in all aspects, it provides a competitive performance in almost all aspects, especially in the start-up and packet loss impact, and thus can be an alternative TCP congestion control algorithm for high BDP networks including a satellite network.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.39-60
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of two different characteristics of music(tempo) and advertising photograph(type) in a fashion store on consumers' emotional responses and approach behavior and to suggest competitive in-store atmospheric strategies. To test the conceptual model, this study used a video simulation method. Researchers selected a fashion casual wear retail store for young people and videotaped to provide realistic store settings. Two different levels of background music(fast, slow) and advertising photograph(sexy, cheerful) were inserted into the video clip generating four stimuli. Including a stimulus for the control group, 5 video clips were created. A total of 289 subjects answered the questionnaire after viewing a two-minute video clips. The results are as follows: First, advertising photograph in a store had a significant effect on consumers' in-store emotional state, whereas musical tempo did not. Second, the effect of in-store consumers' emotional state on behavioral reponses were investigated. Results showed that consumers' positive emotional state lead to consumers' approach behavior. The results of this study indicated that background music and advertising photograph in a fashion store affected consumers' in-store emotional state, and ultimately these affected consumers' positive approach behavior. Thus retailer should try to create a pleasant store environment using effective store atmospheric factors like background music and advertising photograph.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study is to understand the dyeing properties and color analysis of fabrics knitted with ramie, cotton, wool and acrylic by using scoria and to analyze whether the knitted fabrics can be used for industrialization by measuring color fastness after and before sliver-nano process. The following is the conclusions. Firstly, when ramie fabric regarding cotton, wool and acrylic was dyed at the temperature of $50^{\circ}C$ for fifteen minutes by using 10, 25, 50, 100g/ $\ell$ of scoria, dyeing absorption gradually increased up to 50g/ $\ell$, and over the point of 50g/ $\ell$ it showed slow increase. Secondly, regarding saturation, among ramie fabric, wool, cotton and acrylic, wool appears as the lowest brightness. Therefore, it can be dyed with bright color and the highest value. In terms of the value of chromaticity, wool also emerges as the lowest brightness. On the contrary, acrylic showed the lightest red as it had the value of the smallest b. Cotton takes the lightest yellow as the b value of the cotton showed the smallest. Thus, scoria dyestuff is a material that showed strong red and yellow on knitted fabric mixed with wool that is the biggest a. b value. Thirdly, in terms of dyeing fastness, sunlight fastness did not show noticeable differences before and after silver-nano processes, but in terms of washing and friction fastness, the material processed by silver-nano indicated that all knitted fabrics are over 4-5 point. which means silver-nano process can be effective for the industrial applications. As mentioned above, as a result of dyeing knitted fabrics with scoria, this study found a possibility of dyeing in the fabric materials, and if there is deeper dyeing experiments, fastness experiments and speculations, it might be possible to be a big issue just like loess and charcoal.