• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.102-108
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• 2021

Objectives The purpose of this study was to identify differences in sleep by Sasang constitutional type using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI). Methods The subjects of this study were 3,578 people who had information on Sasang constitutional type and PSQI among the data established at the Korean Medicine Data Center. We compared each item score in PSQI (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, use of sleep medication, daytime dysfunction) and PSQI global scores by Sasang constitutional type using analysis of variance. Logistic regression was conducted to calculate the odds ratio of poor sleep by Sasang constitutional type. Results & Conclusions The SE type showed statistically significantly higher scores than the TE type and SY type in subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, and PSQI global score, indicating poor sleep compared to other constitutional types. The odds ratio for poor sleep also shows that even after adjusting sex, age, height, and weight, the SE type was significantly higher than other constitutional types, indicating that the SE type could be a risk factor for poor sleep.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.42-46
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep quality and sleep duration according to individual characteristics, and the relationship between sleep quality and cold type. A total of 1998 participants aged 30-55 who participated in a community cohort study at KIOM's Oriental Medicine Data Center (KDC) was analyzed. Cold type was diagnosed with a common the Questionnaire of Cold Pattern Identification (8 items). Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The participants in this study were classified into 1193 with cold type and 805 with non-cold type. The poor sleep quality was found in more women than men, and the Body Mass Index (BMI) was higher in the non-cold type. In the cold type group, average sleep quality was poor and sleep duration was short. There was a statistically significant correlation between cold score, sleep quality, and sleep duration. Cold type was related to the sleep quality. The risk of poor sleep quality increased 1.46 with increased cold type (95% CI = 1.16-1.84, p <.001). In particular, it was found that various programs to improve the quality of sleep, focusing on the cold type among personal characteristics, are needed to maintain adequate sleep to improve the sleep quality. In the future, when analyzing the relationship between cold type and sleep quality, it is thought that an attempt to derive other objective quantitative indicators is needed.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.337-348
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review previous clinical studies on underlying mechanisms of sleep-related type-specific pathophysiological symptoms among the Sasang types. Methods and Procedure: We reviewed seven research databases from December 2003 to August 2015 with the keywords Sasang typology, constitution and sleep. The Sasang type-specific sleep-related symptoms were analyzed based on seven categories, including subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, use of sleep medications and daytime dysfunction. Results: Total of twelve studies were included in the analysis. The Tae-Yang type showed low subjective sleep quality, long sleep latency and frequent awakening, and the So-Yang type showed long sleep latency. The Tae-Eum type presented high subjective sleep quality, short sleep duration, frequent snore, toss and turn during the sleep, and insomnia and low frequency of dream. The So-Eum type showed long sleep latency in male and high frequency of dream. The Eum type combining Tae-Eum and So-Eum types had higher subjective sleep quality, longer sleep duration and higher frequency of dream than the Yang type combining Tae-Yang and So-Yang types.Conclusions This study reviewed type-specific sleep-related characteristics and discussed possible pathophysiological mechanisms involved. Differences in sleep characteristics among the Sasang types might stem from type-specific temperaments and require further study.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.276-289
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• 2022

Objectives: Child and adolescent sleep is an important factor for brain and physical development. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and nonorganic sleep disorders in children and adolescents and determine the type of utilization of medical institutions. This study analyzed the prevalence and type of medical institutions in Korean children and adolescents with sleep disorders and nonorganic sleep disorders. Methods: This study used data recorded in the Health Insurance Review and Assessment-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) database from 2010 to 2017. Details of medical institution type and patient's sex, age, and treatment type were extracted for patients younger than 20 years with sleep disorders and nonorganic sleep disorders. Results: Among 2,536,478 patients under age 20, we identified 3,772 patients with sleep disorders or nonorganic sleep disorders. From 2010 to 2017, the prevalence of sleep disorders in children and adolescents was 0.07% to 0.09%. The utilization rate of Korean medical institutions was 30.47%. The prevalence of nonorganic sleep disorders and the utilization rate of Korean medical institutions were 0.06% to 0.08% and 45.99%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of sleep disorders and nonorganic sleep disorders in the under-20 population was 0.14% to 0.16%. More than 70% of patients with nonorganic sleep disorder who were younger than 9 years used Korean medical institutions.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2017

Adequate amount and quality of sleep are important for metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Too short or too long sleep time disrupts glycemic control in both prediabetes and type 2 diabetic patients. Circadian misalignment such as shift work is also associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Clinicians should pay attention to the sleep problems and circadian patterns of patients. However, the pathophysiologic mechanism of the association between sleep and diabetes is likely to be complex and bidirectional. The underlying mechanism remains poorly understood, and further research is warranted.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.13-30
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• 2024

Objectives This study aimed to analyze the influence of various sleep-related factors that affect sleep quality by each Sasang type. Methods A total of 400 subjects were included for this study, 108 males and 292 females. Sasang type was diagnosed using the SCAT. Then, the characteristics of each Sasang type were analyzed using HRV, DITI, and PSQI, PSS, and SDFI questionnaires. Logistic regression analysis was used to predict sleep-related factors that affect sleep disorders by Sasang types. Results This study shows that the pathophysiological characteristics for stress and digestive function of each Sasang type can differentiate sleep management through a logistic regression model including subscales of PSS and SDFI. Stress had no effect on the occurrence of sleep disturbance within only So-Eum, since the stress level is originally high in the So-Eum regardless of sleep quality. Rather, decreased appetite and poor eating habits had a significant impact on the decline in sleep quality. In addition, poor digestion and eating habits in So-Yang had a greater impact and poor digestion in Tae-Eum had a greater impact on the decline in sleep quality. Conclusion The stress and subscales of digestive function provide differentiated sleep management in So-Yang, Tae-Eum, and So-Eum types. The individualized sleep management for each Sasang type with statistically validated PSS and SDFI would be useful for sleep-related experts planning safe and effective person-centered health care as well as for Western clinicians who want to incorporate Sasang typology into their treatments as integrative medical technique in the future.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.309-317
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand sleep circadian rhythm and sleep quality between normal-weight and obese group according to Body Mass Index to develop education and nursing intervention programs for the obese. Methods: This study involved 186 subjects who visited at S hospital obesity clinic, K province. They were divided into 2 groups: normal-weight group 91 and obese group 95. Data were collected from October 18th to November 12th in 2013. Data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, ${\chi}^2$-test, Mann-Whitney U test, ANCOVA, t-test and ANOVA with using SPSS version 20.0. Results: The results showed that morning type 1.1%, middle type 91.2% and evening type 7.7% of sleep circadian rhythm in normal-weight group and middle type 92.6% and evening type 7.4% of sleep circadian rhythm in obese group. There were statistically significant results on sleep quality with covariance sex and stress, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disturbance between normal-weight and obese group. There were statistically significant results on sleep quality, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency and sleep disturbance in middle type of sleep circadian rhythm between normal-weight and obese group. Conclusion: Therefore, it is necessary to consider subject's sleep pattern to develop education and nursing intervention programs for the obese.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.354-360
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• 2015

Purpose. The purpose of this study was conducted to identify college students' sleep type and awareness of sleep. Methods. We researched 250 students in a college using the Korean Translation of Composite Scale(KtCS) and awareness of sleep questionnaire. Results. The sleeping hour of college students was 395.28 minute in average. The research showed that the biggest reason for the lack of sleep is using the computer, mobile and watching TV(22.6%), and most of them said that the lack of sleep is causing drowsiness during the daytime( 29.2%). For the questions asking when they feel drowsy during the daytime, most of them forcing themselves to stay awake(29.2%) and they caught up on sleep on the weekend(32.5%). Conclusions. Therefore college students to keep relevant sleep time and to know about the importance of the sleep.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Health Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.803-807
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• 2017

Purpose . The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress level and sleep type on university students at health series. Method . This research conducts a survey of 250 university students on health series. The research tools were structured questionnaires. The questionnaire about stress was measured using psychological stress questionnaire in life stress and sleep type was measured using the Korean Translation of Composite Scale of Measuring Morningness-Evening. Result . In this study, university students 16.4% of the students were at warning. The morning sleep types were 55.2% in all health series university students but slee type was not in the most of sleep type. There were not correlation between the sleep type and stress level. Conclusion . It is seems to need to management of stress on university students at health series.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-49
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• 1996

Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) of Horne & Ostberg(1976) was translated into a Korean version, and MEQ and life habit inventory was administrated with approximately 900 university students. The distribution of MEQ score was normal. Arising time and bedtine for weekdays and holidays came in the order of morning type, intermediate and evening-type. And the deviation for the evening-type was greatest. Also, the deviation of sleep length for the evening-type was greater than the morning- type. There were tendencies that the bed time and arising time of the male were slightly later than those of the female, and the sleep length of the male was a little longer than that of the female. It also appeared that the arising time was later in the male who completed the military services than those who did not in the chronotype. And the sleep length of the non-served male was longer than that of the served one. Such tendencies noticeably appeared especially the evening-type. The evening-type was subject to heavy variability in bedtime. arising time, and sleep length. The sleep latency of the evening- type was longer and mood on arising was worse. And the ratio of nap or light sleep was higher in these subjects than in others. These results suggested that evening-type students had more irregular and/or flexible sleep-wake habits than the morning-type.