• 한국조리학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.351-366
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• 2010

초등학교 아동들의 식습관 개선을 위한 영양 교육용 자료로 어린이용 요리책을 개발하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 강원도 일부 초등학교 5, 6학년 학생 90명(남자 45명, 여자 45명)을 대상으로 식행동을 분석한 결과, 아침 식사를 매일 먹는 아동은 48.9%, 아침을 결식하는 이유는 48.9%가 '시간이 없어서'라고 응답하였다. 아침 식사 시 주로 먹는 음식은 한식(67.8%)이었으며, 집에 혼자 있을 때 식사를 해결하는 방법은 42.2%가 '먹고 싶은 것을 만들어 먹는다'고 응답하였다. 간식 섭취 실태를 보면 '하루에 1~2회' 간식을 먹는 아동이 52.2%로 가장 많았고, 주로 먹는 간식의 종류는 과일류(46.6%), 아이스크림류(22.2%), 빵이나 과자(21.1%), 패스트푸드(11.1%)로 조사되었다. 아동들은 전반적으로 채소류를 싫어하고, 육류를 좋아하며, 좋아하는 식품은 비교적 다양한 편인데 반해 싫어하는 식품은 몇 몇 식품에 편중되고 기호가 더 뚜렷하였다. 선호하는 조리법으로는 볶음(27.8%), 튀김(25.6%), 국이나 찌개(21.1%)가 선택되었다. 아동의 96.7%가 최소한 1회 이상의 요리 경험이 있었으며, 요리를 해 본 이유로는 그냥 '요리를 해 보고 싶어서'가 64.4%로 가장 많았다. 지금까지 요리해 본 음식으로는 라면(68.8%), 계란 후라이(53.3%), 볶음밥(37.8%), 샌드위치(18.9%)의 순서로 조사되었다. 이러한 식행동 분석 결과를 토대로 아동을 위한 요리책은 크게 '혼자서 잘해요', '초간단 간식 만들기', '내 솜씨를 뽐내요'의 세 부분으로 나누어 각각 5~6개의 메뉴로 구성하여 개발되었다. 요리책은 조리 과정 사진과 열량 및 영양소 함량, 균형 잡힌 한 끼 식사를 구성하는 방법, 적절한 1인 분량에 대한 정보를 제공하였다. 또한 위생과 안전, 계량 방법, 음식물 쓰레기 분리 및 뒷정리 등 요리 활동에 필요한 기본적인 지식을 습득할 수 있도록 하였다. 개발된 요리책은 아동 스스로 요리 활동에 참여하게 함으로써 결식이나 편식 등의 잘못된 식행동을 개선하고, 올바른 식생활을 영위하는데 필요한 기본적인 영양지식을 제공하는 등 영양 교육 자료로써의 효과가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.635-645
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• 2006

This study was to analyzed the quality of the meal and the level of nutritional intake in female college students according to the place of residence in female college students. This survey was conducted through questionnaire was given to 359 female students. The subjects were divided into two groups : one group was comprised of those the students who resided in a self-boarding house(SB group, n=245), and the other group comprised of was the student those who resided in the same house with their parents(HWP group, n=114). The mean age of the subjects were 21.6 years old(SB) and 20.6 years old(HWP)(p<0.05). The average height, weight and BMI were 161.8 cm, 57.9 kg, $20.3kg/m^2$ in the SB group and 161.9 cm, 53.4 kg, $20.3kg/m^2$ in HWP group, respectively. The SB group had significantly higher frequency of skipping breakfast and alcohol drinking consumption than the HWP group. There was no significant differences in the mean daily energy intakes between the SB and the HWP groups. However, the plant protein(p<0.01), carbohydrate (p<0.05), vitamin $B_1$(p<0.01), vitamin $B_2$(p<0.05), vitamin C(p<0.01), plant calcium(p<0.01) and potassium(p<0.05) intakes were significantly lower in the SB group were lower than the intakes in the HWP group significantly. And in addition, the cereals(p<0.05) and fruits(p<0.001) intakes in the SB group were significantly lower than the intakes in the HWP group. There was no significant differences in the KDDS and DVS between the two groups, but there was a decreasing trending downward. For that reason, the SB students seemed appeared to have more dietary problems than the HWP students. These results suggest that nutritional education for SB students are is needed in order to supply the lack of management capability on the proper help improve the diet of students living in independently life.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.255-270
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• 2020

본 연구는 2019년 제15차 청소년건강행태온라인조사 원시자료를 활용하여 청소년들의 편의 식품 섭취 경험에 영향을 미치는 요인을 인구사회학적 특성, 정신건강 특성, 그리고 건강행태 특성으로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 연구 결과에 의하면 청소년들의 편의식품 섭취에 영향을 미치는 요인으로 인구사회학적 특성인 성별, 주관적 학업성적, 주관적 경제상태뿐만 아니라 정신건강 요인인 스트레스 인지, 주관적 수면 충족, 우울감 경험, 자살 생각이 유의한 변수로 확인되었으며, 건강행태 요인으로 아침식사 결식, 패스트푸드, 단 음료 섭취 등과 같은 식생활 행태뿐만 아니라 흡연, 음주, 약물복용 등의 요인도 청소년들의 편의식품 섭취에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 청소년들의 편의식품 섭취를 줄이기 위해서는 가정에서는 청소년들이 아침식사, 채소, 과일, 우유 섭취와 같은 건강한 식습관 및 충분한 수면 습관을 형성하도록 돕는 자녀교육이 필요하며, 학교에서는 청소년들이 건강한 식품을 선택하고 손쉬운 건강식을 스스로 만들어 먹을 수 있는 기술을 습득하도록 돕는 영양교육이 필요하다. 특히 편의식품 섭취 빈도가 높은 청소년들을 대상으로 스트레스를 관리하고 금연, 금주와 같은 건강증진 행위를 실천하도록 돕는 건강교육이 함께 실시될 필요가 있다. 정부에서는 청소년들에게 건강한 식품을 제공할 수 있는 소매 업체가 우선적으로 학교 주변에 위치할 수 있도록 법률을 제정하거나, 학교 주변 소매 환경에서 양질의 편의식품이 판매될 방안을 마련할 필요가 있다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 향후에는 청소년의 편의식품 섭취에 영향을 미치는 요인을 종단적으로 연구할 것을 제언한다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.362-374
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the effects of overestimation of their own body shape on weight control behaviors, mental condition, physical activity, dietary behavior, health-related quality of life, and nutritional status among young Korean females. Methods: A total of 1,514 women aged 20-39 years who are not pregnant and lactating among those who participated in the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010~2011), were analyzed and grouped into underestimation (n=120), normal estimation (NE, n=840), and overestimation (OE, n=554), based on their body perception compared to actual percent ideal body weights. Variables were compared between OE group and NE group. Results: The subjects in OE group were significantly younger (29.5 vs. 30.5 years, respectively p < 0.05) and had lower body mass index (20.9 vs. 22.2 respectively, p < 0.01), health-related quality of life measured by EQ-5D (EuroQol-5 Dimension)(0.97 vs. 0.98 respectively, p < 0.05), nutrition adequacy ratio (NAR) of protein (0.91 vs. 0.93 respectively, p < 0.05), phosphorous (0.93 vs. 0.96 respectively, p < 0.05), and iron (0.70 vs. 0.75 respectively, p < 0.01), and index of nutrition quality (INQ) of iron (0.84 vs. 0.89 respectively, p < 0.05) compared to those in the NE group. The results of logistic regression showed that unmarried status (OR 1.32; 1.01~1.72) and severely underweight/underweight status (OR 1.94; 1.01~3.75)/(OR 1.81; 1.34~2.45) were significantly related to the probability of overestimation by the subjects. Significantly more women in OE group practiced fasting, skipping meals, and taking prescribed pills to lose body weights and had skipped breakfast compared to those in the NE group. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that the Korean young women's distorted perception of own body shape may be associated with undesirable weight control behavior, low quality of life, and lower nutritional status. Therefore, nutrition education for this group should include information on correct body shape perception and its importance.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.215-229
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• 2013

본 연구는 테이크아웃 형태의 커피전문점에 주간과 야간으로 교대 근무를 실시하는 20대 여성 근로자 100명과 주간 근무를 실시하는 20대 여성 사무직 여성 근로자 100명의 식행동과 식품섭취 상태를 비교하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 일반환경 요인은 월 평균 수입(p<0.001)과 재직기간(p<0.001)에서는 실험군이 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 생활습관 및 건강관련 요인은 실험군에서 최근 1년간 체중변화(p<0.001)과 위 장 관련 질환이 유의적(p<0.001)으로 높게 나타났다. 실험군에서 취침시간(p<0.001)은 늦게 자고, 수면시간(p<0.001)도 짧게 나타났다. 실험군은 규칙적인운동(p<0.001)은 낮고, 흡연(p<0.001)은 높게 나타났다. 식행동에서 식사동반자 부분에서 혼자 먹는 비율(p<0.001), 과식빈도(p<0.001), 아침결식빈도(p<0.001), 그리고 야식의 빈도(p<0.001)는 높게 나타났고, 규칙적인 식사(p<0.001)와 균형식의 비율은(p<0.001) 낮게 나타났다. 식품섭취빈도는 실험군에서 밥류(p<0.001), 육류(p<0.001), 생선(p<0.001), 난류(p<0.001), 두류(p<0.001), 김치(p<0.001), 채소류(p<0.001), 과일류(p<0.001)의 섭취빈도가 낮게 나타났고, 면류(p<0.001)와 빵류(p<0.001), 시리얼(p<0.01), 해조류(p<0.001), 우유(p<0.001)와 커피(p<0.001), 그리고 알콜(p<0.001)은 높게 섭취하고 있었다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2008

목적 : 본 연구는 노인의 주관적 건강과 연관된 요인들을 살펴보고 이러한 것들이 청장년층 들과는 어떻게 다른지를 규명하는데 그 목적이 있다. 방법 : 본 조사대상은 원주시에 거주하는 노인으로 하여, 65세 이상 노인들의 주관적 건강 결정요인과 $19{\sim}64$세 인구집단의 주관적 건강 결정요인을 분석하고 두 집단에 대하여 각각 회귀분석을 이용하여 이들을 비교하였다. 응답자는 청장년층이 1,685명, 노인이 188명 이다. 주관적 건강은 0에서부터 100까지 10점 단위로 표시하여, 11개의 카테고리로 나뉘어진자 모양의 그림을 제시하여 자신의 건강에 대하여 점수를 표시할 수 있도록 하여 측정하였다. 결과 : 원주시 노인들의 주관적 건강은 '가구소득', '교육', '배우자 유무', '적절한 취침', '불건강에 영향을 받는 일상생활 및 사회생활', '이동능력', '불안', '우울'과 관련이 있었다. 노인들에게서 유의한 변수는 '가구소득', '적절한 취침', '사회활동 참여'였고, 반면, 청장년층의 주관적 건강은 '농촌거주', '규칙적인 운동', '혼자거주', '아침식사 결식'과 같은 요소들이 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에 '아침식사 결식'은 노인의 주관적 건강에 유의하지 않았다. 결론 : 원주시 노인들의 건강을 향상시키기 위하여는 노인들의 특별한 요구를 충족시켜줄 수 있는 건강증진 프로그램을 개발하여야 하곤 이를 위해 사회적 자본의 강화와 같은 프로그램들을 건강도시사업에 도입 운영하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.105-117
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• 2020

본 연구는 배달외식 결정요인과 식습관과의 관련성을 파악하여 건강한 배달외식 선택 방향을 제시하고자 설계된 융합연구이다. 연구 대상자는 배달외식 경험이 있는 20대-30대 성인 505명을 대상으로 하였다. 데이터는 SPSS 25.0 프로그램을 이용하여 요인분석, 군집분석, χ² 분석, ANOVA 분석 및 Duncan's 사후분석을 하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 편리 추구형은 야식, 음주 및 아침결식의 비율이 높았고, 절약 추구형은 식생활 실천점수가 높았다. 유용 추구형은 삶의 질 평가(WHOQOL-BREF) 점수가 유의하게 낮았다. 이에 배달외식 결정요인에서 파악된 성향에 따라 제시된 교육 방향은 건강한 배달외식 선택을 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 향후 배달외식 결정요인의 경로 파악을 통한 연구와 영양교육도 필요할 것으로 여겨진다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.293-303
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to compare dietary attitudes, dietary behaviors and diet qualities of Food and Nutrition major and non-major female student at a university located in Inchon. The subjects included 74 female Food and Nutrition and majors and 45 non-Food and Nutrition major female university students. This cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire, and the data were analyzed by a SPSS 10.0 program. The nutrient intake data collected from Three-day recalls were analysed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program and then the diet quality was estimated using the Mean Adequacy Ratio (MAR), the Nutrient Adequacy patio (NAR) and the Index of Nutritional Quality (INQ). There was no significant difference in dietary behaviors between Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors. However, most of the female university students had poor eating habits, such as overeating, unbalanced meals, and skipping of meals. In particular, more than 50% of the female university students skipped breakfast. As for weighing themselves once a week, changing dietary lifestyles, calculating food calories and having interest in information on nutrition on health, the ratio of Food and Nutrition majors was significantly higher as compared to that of the non-majors. There was a significant difference in food consumption frequency except for mick and milk products, and iron-rich foods between the Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors. However, there was a significant difference in the frequency scores of iron-rich floods between the Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors. The MAR of Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors were 0.80$\pm$0.13, 0.79$\pm$0.13, respectively. However, in the Food and Nutrition majors and non-majors, the NARs of calcium were 0.61$\pm$0.21 and 0.59 $\pm$ 0.20, and that of iron were 0.61$\pm$0.21 and 0.59$\pm$0.16, respectively, which was extremely low when compared to that of the other nutrients. This result was similar to that of the INQ. Therefore, nutritional education is necessary if female university students are to practice optimal nutrition, including well-balanced diets and eating foods of high nutritional quality.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2003

Balanced intake of appropriate nutrients is the key to sustaining and promoting health as well as preventing and treating diseases. It is not always easy, however, to take balanced nutrition and various related factors must be taken into consideration. This report provides a summary of studies that have examined the nutrient intakes of Japanese middle-aged men and the relationship of this intake to drinking, job-related separation from families, and health practices. The alcohol consumption of Japanese middle-aged men has more than tripled in the last forty years. When nutrient intake was examined in relation to alcohol consumption, it was discovered that the maximum acceptable alcohol consumption was approximately 23 grams (about two drinks) of pure alcohol, provided the level of nutrient intake for drinkers was equal to that of non-drinkers. The alcohol energy ratio was approximately 5％. It was also discovered that middle-aged men's eating habits deteriorate when they relocate to new posts without their families and live by themselves. Compared to those living with their families, a higher proportion of those living alone have unfavorable eating habits including skipping breakfast or lunch, having a late lunch, and eating and drinking after dinner until bedtime. When Breslow's seven health practices, nutrient intake, and consumption weight by food group were examined, it was discovered that the group that had many beneficial eating and living habits consumed plenty of legume, pulses, fruit, green yellow vegetables and milk products. Their intake of vitamins and minerals was high and the results of a physical examination proved to be excellent. According to nutrition surveys conducted in Japan, China, the United Kingdom and the United States using a 24-hour recall method with common protocols and strict controls to ensure high levels of accuracy and cross-study validity, the Japanese had the highest cholesterol intake and the lowest dietary fiber intake among the four countries. Also, the alcohol energy ratio of the Japanese exceeded 8％, the highest among the four countries, while their intake of magnesium and iron was the lowest These results indicate that it is necessary to enhance nutritional education for middle-aged men and to reinforce the social environments in which they live and work in order to promote proper diet and nutrition in Japan. (J Community Nutrition 5(2) : 105-111, 2003)

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.227-239
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare weight control behaviour, eating habits and health-related life habits according to the obesity degree by body fat percentage (%Fat) among middle-aged women. The subjects were 170 middle-aged women who lived Gunsan City, and they were assigned to one of the following groups based on their %Fat; normal weight group (18% - < 28%), overweight group (28% - < 33%) and obesity group (over 33%). The height, body weight, %Fat, the circumference of waist and hip of them were measured. Eating habits and health-related life habits were evaluated based on questionnaires. The results were as follows. Their weight, %Fat, body mass index (BMI), relative body weight (RBW), waist, hip, and waist-hip ratio (WHR) were significantly higher in the obesity subjects when compared to the normal and overweight subjects. Self-perception for weight (p < 0.001), desire for weight control (p < 0.01), and reasons of weight control (p < 0.05) were different among three groups. The main skipped meal was breakfast (67.9%), reasons of skipping meals were different among three groups (p < 0.05), and main reasons were "lose one's appetite" and "have not enough time". Food habits score for each food was not significantly different among three groups, but eating the meal on thinking with food combination in normal group was higher than overweight and obesity group (p < 0.01). Correlation coefficients of food habits score and anthropometric measurements were that salty of food was negative and food habits scores were positive correlation for anthropometric measurements and obesity index (p < 0.05 - p < 0.001). Frequency of exercise and fitting exercise for body were different among three groups (p < 0.05). Obesity group was lower frequency of exercise than the other groups. Regular diet was positive correlation with food combination (p < 0.01), taking fish (p < 0.05), taking vegetables (p < 0.01), taking bean products (p < 0.01) and food habits score (p < 0.01), frequency of eating out and snacks were negative correlation with taking fruits and fishes. Therefore, proper nutritional education for middle-aged women in obesity group is recommended regular diet, good food habits and exercise. The middle-aged women must decrease the frequency of eating out, snack and the salty foods, and increase the fruits and vegetables. They must have healthy life styles for exercise, smoking, and drinking.