• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.159-164
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• 2006

Our study investigated the prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis and skin prick test reactivity and type of allergen from 1352 individuals living in Gwangyang city. The prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis symptom were 40,2% of study subjects and diagnosised subjects with allergic conjunctivitis of them were 15.8%. In skin prick test, 20.2% of total subjects had at least one positive skin prick reaction and positive skin prick reaction with allergic conjunctivitis of subjects was 21.3%(n=103). Their major allergens were indoor allergen like dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.84-93
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to design functional clothing based on the physical characteristics of old women. The subjects of this experiment were 5 healthy old women and 5 college women. While the subjects were exposed to the circumstances of $28{\pm}0.5^{\circ}C$ and local heating at 7 areas (chest, abdomen, back, loin, hand, thigh and instep), their skin temperature, physiological reaction and psychological reaction were determined. The conclusions about the effects of local heating are as follows : 1. Skin temperature before heating was in the order of head-neck> trunk> upper limbs> lower limbs (Group A: old subjects) and head-neck> trunk> lower limbs> upper limbs (Group B: young subjects). 2. The heating pad was attached and detached for 30 minutes each. The sharpest rise and fall were recorded at 5 minutes with the pad on and off. Both groups had great changes in the body parts near trunk. 3. With the pad on and off, both groups showed no change in body temperature, blood pressure, and pulse rate. 4. Concerning the pervasive effects of local heating on whole body skin temperature, loin heating greatly increased other body parts in Group A. In Group B, the effects were large in heating chest, abdomen, back, loin, and thigh. 5. The loin part of old women has the greatest pervasive effect of local body heating.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.25-33
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• 2023

Objective This study aimed to confirm the effect of Sabaek-san extract on the recovery of skin damage in atopic dermatitis-induced mice. Methods In this study, we used 4-week-old NC/Nga mice that were assigned to four groups: control (Ctrl), lipid barrier elimination (LBEG), dexamethasone (Dx) administration after lipid barrier elimination (DxAG), and Sabaek-san extract administration after lipid barrier elimination (SBAG). Ten rats were assigned to each treatment group. After drug administration for 3 days following lipid barrier elimination, ceramide kinase, caspase 14, sodium hydrogen antiporter (NHE), cathelicidin, claudin, and Toll-like receptor (TLR2) were observed to confirm restoration of skin moisturizer production, antimicrobial barriers, and tight junctions in the skin barrier. Results Ceramide kinase and caspase 14 positive reactions were significantly higher in the SBAG group than in the LBEG or DxAG groups. NHE and cathelicidin showed a higher positive reaction in the SBAG group than in the LBEG and DxAG groups. Claudins and TLR2 showed a higher positive reaction in the SBAG group than in the LBEG or DxAG groups. Conclusion It was confirmed that Sabaek-san extract may have the potential to restore damaged skin barrier in atopic dermatitis.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2020

Objectives After inducing dermatitis in 6-week-old mice, we tried to find out the effects of recovery in the damaged skin by administering genistein and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) Methods The 6-week-old mice were divided into the control group (Ctrl), dermatitis causing group (AcDE), genistein-administered group after the onset of dermatitis (GsT), and PEA-administered group after the onset of dermatitis (PEAT). Seven mice were assigned to each group. Changes in the skin barrier were observed after three days of administration following the onset of dermatitis. Results In the GsT and PEAT, there was less skin damage compared to the AcDE, and the lowest skin damage showed in the GsT. The intensity of CB1 and CB2 expression was increased by 64% (CB1) and 39% (CB2) in the GsT, and 38% (CB1) and 28% (CB2) in the PEAT compared to the AcDE. The E-catherin positive reaction was decreased in the AcDE, while the E-catherin positive reaction was increased in the GsT (76%) and PEAT (34%). The p-JNK positive reaction was increased in the AcDE, while the p-JNK positive reaction was decreased in the GsT (60%) and PEAT (39%). Toxic Hepatopathy was not observed in the liver tissue of Genistein administered 3OGsT, and PEA administered 3OPEAT. Conclusions Genistein has recovery effect on dermatitis damage through active induction of the endocannabin system (ECS).

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.41-52
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• 2017

Objectives: Hataedock is indigenous treatment of Korean medicine that administers herbal extracts orally to newborn infants for remove the fetal heat. The purpose of this study was to evaluate skin lipid barrier formation effect of Hataedock treatment with Douchi. Methods: We measured the Western blot to observe the expression of protein such as involucrin and loricrin. Moreover, we observed immunohistochemical changes in NC/Nga mice. The 3-week-old NC/Nga mice were divided into 3 groups: the 3-week-old control group (3w-Ctrl), 5-week-old control group (5w-Ctrl), and the Hataedock-treated group (5w-FGT). Only the 5w-FGT group was treated with Douchi at the 3rd week. We identified the changes of the lipid skin barrier and protein differentiation through immunohistochemical changes of involucrin, loricrin, filaggrin and acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) in the stratum corneum. Results: The expression of involucrin and loricrin was increased in the Western blot that was treated with concentration of Douchi extracts. In 5w-FGT group, loricrin-positive reaction was increased by 54.0%, involucrin-positive reaction was increased by 84.0%, filaggrin-positive reaction was increased by 108.0% and ASM-positive reaction was increased by 91.0% in the stratum corneum. Conclusions: These results suggest that Hataedock treatment with Douchi promoted skin lipid barrier formation by promoting differentiation of keratinocytes.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 1997

Retinol as well as RA is well known to have many beneficial effects on aged skin. But the skin irritation potential and unstable condition of the products containing them have been some problems in their cosmetic uses. So, retinol containing gel product was developed for less skin irritancy and more stability in cosmetic products. To examine the clinical effects of retinlo containing product, we used cilnicla non-invasive assessment techniques on 40 volunteers for 6 months maintaining double-blind test conditions. According to our results, the use of retinol containing product improved skin color and hydration level slightly. But there was no statistical differences. There was no erythema reaction compared to the use of RA. Especially, the skin elasticity increased above 20% and skin wrinkles of crows' feet region decreased more than 10%. Besides the instrumental analysis, a large majority of volnteers felt that their skin were improved in the case of wrunkles, elasticity, hydration and color.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 2010

Retinoids have many beneficial effects on dermatological applications. But, retinoids cause skin irritation. In this study, the safety of retinoids was clarified via both primary skin irritation test in rabbits and sensitization study using an integrated model for the differentiation of chemical-induced allergic and irritant skin reaction (IMDS), an alternative method to sensitization test. The effects of retinoids on the change of ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) in human skin fibroblasts and the modulation of type-1 pN collagen synthesis in hairless mice were examined to clarify the anti-wrinkle effects. Alltrans retinol (t-ROL) and its derivative, all-trans retinoic acid (t-RA), showed mild skin irritation but did not induce the sensitization. t-ROL and t-RA exerted anti-wrinkle effects by inhibiting the UVA-induced MMP-1 in human skin fibroblasts and increasing the type-1 pN collagen synthesis in hairless mice. These findings suggest that retinoids do not induce the allergy, and show anti-wrinkle effects by decreasing MMP-1 activation and increasing collagen synthesis.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.145-151
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• 2002

Medical concept of the skin disease is a symptom like itchs. It outbreakes by immunologic and nonimmunologic mechanisms. The most common case is hypersensitive reaction intermediated by IgE. Other case of immunologic mechanism includes activation of the complement system. Autoimmune antibodies for histamine-secreting mast cell IgE receptors are found in some patients suffer from chronic skin paroxysm. Most common causes of acute skin paroxysm are foods, viruses, parasite infections and drugs. Causes of chronic skin paroxysm are undiscovered. Air pollution, simplification of eating habits, habitual eating of convenience food; drug abuse in present days made skin disease more common. Now many methods of acupunctural treatments are being used clinically. So this report presents some views about acupunctural treatments for the Skin disease.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.205-209
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• 2012

The objective of the present study was to establish the method of measurement of hydrogen peroxide and to estimate the anti-oxidative effect of genistein in the skin. UVB induced skin oxidation and anti-oxidative effect of genistein formulations were evaluated by determining levels of hydrogen peroxide. The mechanism involved in the determination of hydrogen peroxide is based on a color reaction between ferric ion ($Fe^{3+}$) and xylenol orange, often called FOX assay and subsequent monitoring of absorbance values of the reactant at 540 nm. The reaction was to some extent pH-dependent and detection sensitivity was greatest at pH 1.75. Genistein liposomal gel demonstrated better anti-oxidative effect with regard to lowering hydrogen peroxide levels elevated by UVB irradiation compared to genistein-suspended gel. A linear relationship has been observed between anti-oxidative effect of genistein and drug deposition in the skin tissue. Genistein liposomal gel resulting in the localization of the drug in the deeper skin led to improved anti-oxidative effect compared to genistein gel. The suggested method for evaluation of oxidation of the skin can be used as a tool to screen effective anti-oxidative agents and their delivery systems acting on the skin.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2022

For this purpose, the authors proposed and proved usefulness of the modified mean skin temperature which is integrated mean radiation temperature and the effect of floor contacted heat conduction. The mean radiation temperature is applied form factor between half cross-legged human body and surrounding wall of indoor. In addition the floor contacted heat conduction is applied heat transfer coefficient of half cross-legged human body. Eight Korean young men were targeted for the experiment. From the experiment the authors excerpted physiological reaction and psychological reaction in Ondol environment which is combined physiccal environmental factor of artificial climate chamber, air and floor temperature. As a result of the experiment it is confirmed that heat conduction has more impact than heat exchange from existing research for the heat exchange between half cross-legged human body and surrounding wall in Ondol thermal environment. Thereby, it is proved the effectiveness of the modified mean skin temperature which is added floor contacted temperature to the Ondol thermal environmental evaluation index.