• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.179-189
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• 1993

고전적인 직교 유도체제를 이용하여 고해상신호가산 심전도의 95% 신뢰구간을 구하고 His 분절 활성을 잘 기록할 수 있는 피라미드 유도체제와 비교함으로써 피라미드 유도체제가 미연전이를 발견할 수 있는데 사용될 수 있는지를 알아 보고자 영남대학 의과대학에 재학중인 젊은 정상 지원자 31명을 대상으로 고해상 신호가산 평균심전도를 측정하였다. 젊은 성인에 있어 직교 유도체제를 이용한 고해상 신호가산 심정도의 여과된 총 QRS 지속시간과 고빈도 저전위 신호 지속시간은 각각 25-250 Hz 주파수 여파에서는 129.6과 22.5 msec, 40-250 Hz 주파수 여과에서는 114.4와 31.9 msec, 80-250 Hz 주파수 여과에서는 110.4와 38.4 msec 이상을 비정상 범위로 잡을수 있고, QRS 말기 40 msec의 평균전위와 RMS 전위는 각각 25-250 Hz 주파수 여과에서는 49와 68.6 uV, 40-250 Hz 주파수 여과에서는 27.9와 58.8 uV. 80-250 Hz 주파수 여과에서는 10.6와 16.3 uV 이하를 비정상 범위로 잡을 수 있었다. 피라미드 유도체제도 미연전위를 기록하는데 유용하리라 사료되지만 40-250 Hz 주파수 여과에서 고빈도 저전위 신호 지속시간과 RMS 전위는 직교 유도체제와 달라 이에 대한 더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.128-134
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• 2008

목적: 내측 연골판 후각부의 관절경 수술시 전내측 삽입구의 피부 표식으로 슬개골 하극이 사용 가능한지를 전향적으로 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법: 정상 성인 슬관절 50예(1군), 마취하 정상 슬관절 10예(2군), 비교적 단순한 슬관절 병변의 치료 또는 진단적 관절경 시술을 받은 연속적 슬관절 50예(3군)를 대상으로 1, 2군에서 정 측면 단순 방사선 영상(A)과 외반 부하 정 측면 방사선 영상(B)을 30도 굴곡에서 촬영하여 A, B에서 대퇴골 내과의 연골 두께를 고려하지 않은 경우 (1, 2-A, B군) 및 B에서 이를 2.5 mm로 가정한 경우 (1, 2-C군)로 구분하여 슬개골 하극과 대퇴골 내과의 최고 원위부의 연결선 (전내측 삽입구 선)을 그었다. 이 선과 내측 경골 고평부의 접점 (C-D 백분율), 슬개골 하극과 전방 관절선 사이의 거리 (E-길이), 내측 경골-대퇴 관절의 간격 (F-길이)을 계측하였다. 3군은 슬개골 하극 위치에 전내측 삽입구를 만들고, 내측 연골판 후각부 및 외측 연골판 체부로의 접근성을 평가하였다. 결과: 평균 C-D 백분율은 1-A, B, C군에서 85.8, 101.3, 69.1%, 2-A, B, C군에서 102.4, 144.6, 116.8% 였다. 평균 E-길이는 15.1(1-A군), 15.5(1-B, C군), 13.1(2-A군), 12.9 mm(2-B, C군)였고, 1, 2군에서 외반 부하유무에 따른 이들 값의 변화는 통계학적 유의성이 없었다. F-길이는 외반 부하에 의해 1, 2군에서 평균 1.2, 3.6 mm 증가하였고, 통계학적으로 유의성이 있었다(p<0.001, p<0.001). 3군에서 슬개골 하극 위치에 만든 전내측 삽입구는 내측 연골판 후각부 및 외측 연골판의 체부로의 접근성은 각각 49, 48예에서 우수하였다. 결론: 슬개골 하극이 내측 연골판 후각부의 관절경 수술시 전내측 삽입구의 피부 표식으로 유용함을 확인하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1751-1758
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• 2012

팔부위에서 혈당을 측정하는 것은 모세혈관에서 혈액을 채취하는 동안 느끼는 통증을 줄일 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 팔부위 혈당검사의 임상적 유효성을 평가하기 위해 팔부위 혈당검사결과를 손가락 및 정맥에서의 혈당검사결과와 각각 비교하였다. 당뇨환자 61명이 포함된 555명의 피검자를 대상으로 금식 상태에서 휴대형 혈당계로 손가락과 팔 안쪽 부위에서 혈당검사를 수행하였으며, 1시간 이내에 피검자 514명의 정맥혈액으로 혈당검사를 수행하였다. 측정값들에 대해 선형회귀분석, 급내 상관분석(intraclass correlation), Passing-Bablok 회귀분석 기법으로 다양하게 비교 분석해 보았다. 팔부위 혈당값은 환자군에서 손가락 및 정맥 혈당값과의 상관계수(r)가 0.97(P<0.0001)로 높은 선형관계를 나타내었으며, 정상군에서도 r값이 약간 작았지만 유사하였다. 채혈 부위에 따른 혈당값의 평균 차이는 두 집단에서 모두 ${\pm}10mg/dL$ 이내이었다. 급내 상관계수는 r값에 비교하여 약간 작았지만 두 집단이 유사한 수치를 나타내었다. Passing-Bablok 분석에서 기울기의 95% 신뢰구간과 절편은 각각 < ${\pm}20%$, < ${\pm}20mg/dL$로서 임상 허용범위 이내의 값을 나타내었다. 본 연구에서 사용한 세 가지 통계분석 결과 팔부위 혈당값이 손가락과 정맥에서 측정한 혈당값과 충분히 일치함이 입증되었다. 팔부위 혈당검사가 표준방법인 손가락 혈당검사와 높은 일치성을 나타내었으므로 금식 상태에서의 임상적용 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.240-247
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• 2001

The history of rehabilitation of disabilities in Korea began with the foreigners and missionaries who were interested in it after Korean War. In 1981, Disabled Persons Welfare Act was enacted and the 88 Paralympics brought the nations attention to the welfare and rehabilitation of persons with disabilities. Since then, the facilities and the services for the disabled persons have expanded rapidly and the rehabilitation treatment and nursing intervention are drawing more attention. Against this background, the survey on the current status of disabilities, welfare service, facilities, and rehabilitation nursing was conducted. The results of this survey are as follows. 1. According to the 2000 census of disabilities, the number of persons with disabilities in Korea is estimated at 1,449,500, or 3.09% of the entire Korean population, 0.74% up from 2.35% in 1995. 2. Disability Types in 2000 The 2000 census showed that the persons with disabilities numbered 1,449,496 out of the total population and 1,024,371 persons are registered for disability, making up 70.7% of the estimated disabled population. Among them, physically disabled persons accounted for the largest 41.7% (605,127) and mentally retarded persons stood at the smallest 9% (13,481). 3. Percentage of Disability Presence The survey showed that more than 90% of disability were acquired. However, 44.8% of mental disability and 61.4% of hearing/speaking disability were not acquired after birth. This means that these disabilities happened by congenital cause or birth accident. 4. Yearly Figure of Registered Disabled Persons In 1989, 218,601 persons registered for disability and, in 2000, the number increased by 4.7 times to 1,024,371. These figures are different from the actual number of disabled persons. According to the 1995 census, 1,053,486 were disabled persons but only 378,323registered for disability. And, in the 2000 census, 1,024,371 out of the 1,449,496 of disabled persons registered for disability. 5. Welfare Service for Persons with Disability 62.6% of the total disabled people are registered and physically disabled persons accounted for the highest percentage of 96.7%. 26.5% of non-registered disabled people said that they didnt know the registration procedure. The rest of them replied that they didnt think they were disabled or that registration didnt seem to give any benefits. 6. Welfare Policies for Disabled Persons The welfare benefits given to the disabled are as follows: Issuance of disabled sign for car drivers, Permission to use LPG fuel, Communication fee reduction, Tax exemption related to cars, Reduction of public facility fees, Household allowance, Tax reduction or exemption, Medical allowance and education subsidy for children, and Housing. 7. Current Condition of Welfare Facilities by Disability Type The welfare institutions for disabilities numbered 188 in total and they can accommodate 16,823 persons. Categories of these institutions are physical disability(37), visual disability(10), hearing/speaking disability(14), mental retardation(59), and sanatoriums(68). 8. Human Resource of Rehabilitation of Disabilities Advanced education programs include rehabilitation nursing in its curriculum and this was selected as the program of Korean Academic Society of Nursing in 1990. In November 1997, Korean Academic Society of Rehabilitation Nursing was launched and many academic meeting and seminars were held. This organization is also making efforts to develop the education program for qualified rehabilitation nursing professionals and to develop the standards of rehabilitation nursing practice. In the professionals of the rehabilitation, there are rehabilitation specialist, physical therapist, speech therapist, occupational therapist. It is needed to come up with the measures to supply stable human resources following the demand of disabled persons and to recognize the private certificates for rehabilitation professionals as official ones after reviewing the education and training programs of private institutions. 9. Rehabilitation Nursing 1) Rehabilitation nursing was taught as an independent subject in 11 undergraduate programs and 9 graduate programs. 2) Research on rehabilitation nursing in Korea were 24 experimental research and 11 non-experimental research. The intervention of experimental research were mostly education and exercise rehabilitation programs. 3) In the three rehabilitation hospitals, nursing is divided into two categories, direct nursing and education & counseling. Direct nursing includes tracheostomy or nasogastric tube care, urination and defication, skin care, pain control, complication prevention and care, prevention of injury from a fall, etc.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.733-739
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• 1966

A 371 agricultural households from 26 different communities in South Korea was subjected on a study of food taboos in January of 1966. To the pregnant women, those to whom a high protein diet is particurally important, as many as 14 different kinds of foods, mostly portein rich foods, were avoided to eat. It is believed that if duck is eaten while pregnant her baby may walk like a duck in later life. Some mother have a strong aversion to the rabbit meat that her unborn baby must be a harelip. It is feared to eat chicken, shark or carp by the pregnant mother for her baby may get a gooseflesh appearance, or fish scale-like skin in later life. It is thought that if mother eats soup made of meat borns, especially chicken bones, a disfigured baby may be born. Some area informed that if mother eats crab meat her future baby will always bubble. To the child-bearing mothers 13 different kinds of foods were avoided to eat. Some believe that if raddish kimchi, soybean curd, squash are eaten while dilivery that mother may get dental decay or to lose all her teeth. Other think that highly spiced raddish kimchi cause delivery difficult. To the lactating mothers 7 different items of foods were not recommended to eat. It is a common belief that eating green vegetables, especially fresh lettuce, are restricted that her baby may stool greenish. It is said that eating ginsen-chicken soup, or ginsen tea during lactating reduces breast milk secretion. To the weaning babies 7 different kinds of foods were prohibited to fee. Eggs are not eaten because mothers think her babies will start to talk very late. Eight different items of foods in cases of gastro-intestinal diseases, 5 items for liver disease, 7 items for high blood pressure as well as for paralysis were respectively restricted. It is said that meats including pork, beef, and chicken are neither desirable for the patients of high blood pressure nor those of paralysis. To the measles children 10 varieties of foods were restricted. Especially soybean products and meats were not encouraged to use for avoiding asecond attack of measles. For the common cold 8 different kinds of foods were aversed and men think that eating of soup of undria delays a recovery. For the tuberculosis 4 kinds of foods were prohibited to eat. It is said that wine, red pepper and ginsen will stimulate lung bleeding. Many mothers had a strong aversion to fermented shrimp and fish in case of style. and 5 different items of foods were restricted. In case of menstration not so many foods were restricted as other cases, but meat soup is not eaten in this condition in some areas. Majority of food taboos in Korean villages are neither based on tribal nor religious factors. But no one knows how, since what ages, from where, these food taboos have been transmitted and spread over the country. This survey found a great variety of food taboos, aversions, traditional beliefs and prohibitions latent unknown reseasons, or non-scientific conceptions, or completely different ideas from the modern medical aspect, or somewhat fallacious and superstitious beliefs. For the vascular disease contrasting approach were found between modern the oritical therapy and popular remedy among the rural populations who largely depend on the eastern medication. Further scientific study on either side should be done to lead the patient proper way. Many restricted foods such as rabbit, duck, chicken and fish are best resources of protein rich foods which are available in the village. Emphasis should be laid upon breaking down fallacious and supersititious food taboos through the extended nutrition education activities in order to improve food habit and good eating pattern for healthier and stronger generations of Korea.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.554-562
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 아토피 피부염 동물 모델인 NC/Nga mice에 실크단백질 sericin과 fibroin을 식이 공급 후 피부의 세라마이드 함량 및 관련인자 발현 변화를 정상대조군인 BALB/c mice 및 아토피 피부염 대조군과 비교 분석하였다. 세라마이드 함량은 아토피 대조군인 CA군이 정상대조군 C군보다 현저히 낮았으나, 정제된 건조 분말을 별다른 처리 없이 그대로 실크단백질 sericin을 식이공급한 S군은 정상대조군인 C군 이상의 수준으로 높였으며, 실크단백질 fibroin(F군)은 세라마이드 함량을 정상대조군 수준이상으로 올려주지는 못하였다. 세라마이드 합성효소인 SPT의 mRNA 및 protein 발현은 아토피 대조군인 CA군은 정상대조군인 C군보다 높았으나, 실크단백질 공급군인 S군 및 F군은 모두 정상대조군 C군보다 현저히 낮았다. 반면, 세라마이드 분해효소인 ceramidase의 mRNA 및 protein 발현은 아토피 대조군인 CA군은 정상대조군인 C군보다 높았으나, 실크단백질을 식이섭취한 S군 및 F군에서는 정상대조군인 C군과 유사한 수준으로 CA군에 비해서는 유의적으로 낮았다. 결론적으로 실크단백질 sericin의 10주간 식이섭취는 아토피 피부염 동물모델 NC/Nga mice 표피의 세라마이드 함량을 정상대조군 수준 이상으로 증가시켰으며, 궁극적으로 표피의 장벽기능을 정상대조군의 수준으로 변화시켰다. 이는 serine이 다량 함유되어있는 실크단백질 sericin을 공급에 의해 증가되었는데, serine은 그 자체로서 보습기능을 하여 표피의 장벽기능을 보완하였기 때문에 SPT에 의한 생합성은 불필요하였으며 또한, ceramidase에 의한 세라마이드 분해를 정상수준이하로 억제하여 세라마이드의 생성보다는 분해억제에 의한 것으로 여겨진다.

• 대한방사선치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.69-81
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• 2008

목 적: 영상유도 방사선 치료 Image Gaided Radiation Therapy (IGRT) 환자 치료의 부작용 감소 및 환자의 삶의 질 개선을 위하여 정확한 환자 SETUP의 필요성을 위하여 환자의 SETUP시 OBI (On Board Imager)를 이용하고 SETUP을 보정하여 비교평가 하고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 방사선종학과 내원 환자 중 IGRT환자 150명(150건)을 대상으로 두부, 경부, 흉부, 복부, 골반부 각각 30건을 매 치료시마다 2∼3일 간격으로 OBI를 이용하여 확인한 후 보정하였으며 피부마커를 이용한 셋업(SETUP)과 OBI를 이용한 해부 학적 셋업(SETUP)의 차이를 평가하였다. 결 과: Original SETUP Position에서 OBI를 이용한 일반적인 SETUP Error (Transverse, Coronal, Sagittal)는 Head & Neck: 1.3 mm, Brain: 2 mm, Chest: 3 mm, Abdoman: 3.7 mm, Pelvis: 4 mm이었으며, 3 mm 이상의 오차를 보인 환자들은 치료실내에서 확인결과 보정용 도구 및 환자의 움직임이었으며 여자 환자의 경우 Head & Neck, Brain tumor 시 머리카락의 위치에서 오는 결과임을 알 수 있었다. 그러므로 3 mm 이상의 오차일 경우 다시 SETUP하여 보정 후 치료를 시행하였으며 보정 후 산출된 부위별 평균오차는 두부: 1 mm, 경부: 1.2 mm, 흉부: 2.5 mm, 복부: 2.8 mm, 골반부: 2.6 mm로 나타났다. 결 론: 이상의 연구 결과를 볼 때 방사선 치료 시 SETUP의 중요성으로 치료 여건상 개개인의 매 치료 시 OBI (On Board Imager)를 이용한 SETUP의 보정은 현실적으로 무리한 점은 인정하지만 이 연구의 자료를 기초로 환자들의 평균적인 기준을 마련하고 환자들이 치료과정에서 실질적, 체계적으로 치료해 나간다면 지금까지 보다 훨씬 더 나은 환자 만족과 치료 결과를 얻을 수 있으리라 기대된다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.25-36
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• 1968

Introduction In order to improve medical education through the introduction of a concept of comprehensive health care of a community, an area surrounding the University Campus was chosen for the Community Health Service Project. It has been on operation for last 4 years with its major emphasis on family planning services, and maternal and child health care. The major objectives of this survey at the area are to obtain: 1) The demographic data, 2) The health need and trend of medical care, 3) The attitude and practice in maternity care to be used for further improvement of the planning and the services of the project. Population and Survey Method Out of three Dongs of the Community Health Service Area, only two Dongs namely Changchun and Yonhee were selected for the survey. Total number of households and population in the area studied was 3,683 and 21,857 respectively. An interview was performed with questionnaire schedule which was recorded by interviewers. This includes the degree of utilization of health services provided by the Community Health Service Program such as family planning, prenatal care during their last pregnancy, delivery history and complications of the delivery as well as the incidence of illnesses in general. Prior to the interview, all interviewers were trained for interviewing technique for two days. The survey was carried out during the period from October December 1967. Results 1) Demographic Data : 41.3% of the population studied were children under age 15 and only 3.5% were over 60 years of age. Crude birth rate and crude death rate of this area studied during the period of November 1966-October 1967 were 20.5 and 7.7 respectively. Infant mortality rate during the same period was 35.9. 50.4% of the 2,832 households fell into the category of middle class, 39.8% to the lower class and 9.5% to the upper class in economic condition. 19.8% of 2,832 householders had no formal education, 22.7% primary school, and 57.5% middle or higher school education. 2) Health Status and Utilization of the Community Health Service: Those who suffered from many illnesses during the month of October, 1967 were 690(4.6% of 14,891 persons). Classification of these patients into the type of disease shown respiratory diseases 27.4%, gastrointestinal diseases 18.1%, tuberculosis 10.9%, skin and genitourethral diseases 4.5% and gynecologic patients 4.5%. Only 55.9% of the patients received medical care at hospital or doctor's clinic. But among TB and gynecologic patients, 70.7% and 72.4% were treated at medical facilities. 10.6% of 2,832 householders interviewed has ever utilized the Community Health Service Program provided by the Yonsei Medical School, Classifying these clients into the type of service, 35.9% utilized the wellbaby clinic, 31.0% the family planning clinic, 14.7% the home delivery care, and the rest utilized other services such as the premarital guidance cinlic and the sanitary inspection service. 3) Maternity Care: 23.6% of 2,151 deliveries were done at medical facilities such as hospital, private clinic, while 76.4% were done at home. Acceptance rate of prenatal care was 32.6% as whole, but 49.6 of 774 women who had the prenatal care service had their deliveries at medical facility. 45.1% of total deliveries were attended by medical and or paramedical personnel. 75.8% of the deliveries of those received prenatal care were attended by medical and or paramedical personnel while only 27.8% of the deliveries of those who did not have prenatal care attended by medical and or paramedical personnel. 49.8% of deliveries of the upper class, 29.8% of the middle class and 9.9% of the lower class were attended by medical and or paramedical personnel. 6.2, 3.3% and 24.8% of mothers reported about their xeperience of edema, coma and fever during the period of trimester of pregnancy and puerperium. 4) Family Planning: The rate of practice of family planning was 27.9%. 31.7% of them were by IUD, 2.9% by oral pill, 15.2% by sterilization and the rest by traditional methods. Those women who had 3 to 4 children had highest(30.2%). Practice rate among the various methods of family planning, oral pill was the most popular method to whom had 2 or less children. In relation between the practicing rate of family planning and living standard, the upper, middle and lower class practiced 37.5, 29.4 and 19.9% respectively.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.227-234
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• 2012

In this study, the masking effect of olfactory stimulus on the awakening state due to sound stimuli while driving using Graphic Driving Simulator was observed through the response of autonomic nervous system. The test was conducted for 11 males in their twenties. The siren of ambulance car was presented to them as auditory stimulus for 30 secs while driving in a situation of high way in the condition of both peppermint and control, respectively, and LF/HF ratio of HRV (Heart Rate Variability), the activity index of sympathetic nerve, and GSR (Galvanic Skin Response) response were examined. The test was proceeded in the order of three stages, that is, sound stimuli (test 1), driving performance, and sound stimuli (test 2), and fragrance stimulus, driving performance, and sound stimuli (test 3), and the physiological signal of GSR, HRV was measured in the whole stages. As a result of test, comparing the results of before and after auditory stimulus test (1) (p < 0.01), test (2) (p < 0.05), and test (3) (p < 0.01), driving performance test (2) (p < 0.01), test (3) (p < 0.01), and olfactory stimulus test (3) (p < 0.05), respectively, GSR response increased, showing significant difference in all the tests. It indicates that when auditory stimulus was presented to the subjects, they were in the awakening state as sympathetic nervous system got activated. As a result of comparing auditory stimulus while driving before and after presenting olfactory stimulus, there was no significant difference in GSR response. The LF/HF ratio of HRV increased, showing a significant difference only in test (2) (p < 0.05), and in driving performance test (2) (p < 0.05) in auditory stimulus, however, it showed no significant difference in olfactory stimulus. As a result of comparing auditory stimulus while driving before and after presenting olfactory stimulus, there was a decrease, showing significant difference (p < 0.05) in LF/HF ratio of HRV. That is, it means that the activation of sympathetic nervous system decreased, and that parasympathetic nervous system got activated. From these results, it was observed that while driving, the awakening level due to auditory stimulus was settled with olfactory stimulus. In conclusion, it was drawn that while driving, olfactory stimulus could have the masking effect on auditory stimulus.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2018

유럽과 미국에서는 말뚝기초 설계에 한계상태설계법 사용이 거의 정착되었으며, 세계적 추세에 따라 국내에서도 국토해양부가 한계상태설계법에 기반한 교량하부기초 설계기준을 제정하였지만, 국내 말뚝공법 및 지반조건에 대한 저항계수 연구가 부족하여 당장 설계에 반영하기에는 어려운 여건이었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 국내에서 많이 사용되고 있는 PHC 매입말뚝의 저항계수를 구하기 위하여 LH설계기준과 도로교설계기준 방법으로 산정한 지지력과 LH 현장에서 실시한 정재하시험(21회)과 동재하시험(EOID 21회, Restrike 21회) 결과를 신뢰성분석을 실시하였으며, 선행 논문(재하시험에 의한 PHC 매입말뚝의 저항계수 산정)에서 수행한 결과보다 2배 이상 많은 데이터를 추가하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 정재하지지력(극한)으로 구한 저항계수는 설계식 및 목표신뢰도지수에 따라 0.64~0.83, 동재하지지력(극한)으로 구한 저항계수는 0.42~0.55로 나와 정재하지지력(극한)으로 구한 저항계수보다 약 33% 작게 나타났다. 반면 수정동재하지지력(EOID의 극한선단지지력 + Restrike의 극한주면지지력)으로 구한 저항계수는 0.55~0.71로 나와 정재하지지력(극한)으로 구한 저항계수와 비교 시 그 차이가 약 14%로 줄어들었다. 데이터 추가에 의해 저항계수를 산정한 결과 이전 저항계수와 같거나 0.04정도 증가하여 데이터가 2배 이상 추가되어도 저항계수가 의미 있을 정도로 크게 변하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구에서 정재하 및 동재하시험으로 산정한 전체 저항계수는 전반적으로 도로교설계기준(2015)에서 제시한 저항계수 0.3보다 커서 경제적인 설계가 가능한 것으로 나타났다.