• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.124-133
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• 2015

전기체간스캔법(EIS, electro interstitial scan)은 미세 직류전류를 인체의 사지말단 또는 국소적 인가를 통해 인체의 전류 반응을 기준으로 인체의 질병 유무를 판별할 수 있는 비침습적인 질병 스크리닝 방법으로 가능성을 보이고 있다. 프랑스에서 개발된 DDFAO는 다채널 EIS로 다양한 질병, 특히 당뇨와 같은 내분비 기관의 진단에 효과적이라고 주장한다. 본 연구에서는 RC 팬텀 모델을 이용하여 DDFAO의 측정의 반복성과 민감도를 확인하고, 정상군과 당뇨 질환군을 대상으로 임상적 유용성을 검정하였다. 그 결과, 팬텀을 이용할 경우, 반복 측정시 값의 변화가 없고 팬텀 특성이 변화될 때 DDFAO의 측정 결과도 변화되었다. 그러나 임상 측정에 있어서 6개의 표면 전극을 이용하여 비침습적 방법으로 정상인과 당뇨병 환자의 구별은 어려울 뿐만 아니라 반복성과 정확성도 우수하지 않았다. 그러나, 이러한 문제점에도 불구하고 측정 방법의 편리성과 간편성으로 인해 국소적인 영역보다 인체 전반적인 특성을 파악하는 스크린 장비로써의 개발 가능성은 여전히 보이고 있기에 EIS에 대한 다양한 기반 연구가 필요하다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.717-722
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between tumor size and axillary lymph node involvement (ALNI) in patients with invasive lesions, to find the best candidates for a full axillary dissection. Additionally, we evaluated the association between tumor size and invasive behavior. The study was based on data from 789 patients with histopathologically proven invasive breast cancer diagnosed in Shohada University hospital in Tehran, Iran (1993-2009). Cinical and histopathological characteristics of tumors were collected. Patients were divided into 6 groups according to primary tumor size: group I ($0.1-{\leq}1cm$), II ($1.1-{\leq}2cm$), III ($2.1-{\leq}3cm$), IV ($3.1-{\leq}4cm$), V ($4.1-{\leq}5cm$) and VI (>5cm). The mean(${\pm}SD$) size of primary tumor at the time of diagnosis was $3.59{\pm}2.69$ cm that gradually declined during the course of study. There was a significant correlation between tumor size and ALNI (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between primary tumor size and involvement of surrounding tissue was also found (p<0.001). The mean number of LNI in group VI was significantly higher than other groups (p<0.05). We observed more involvement of lymph nodes, blood vessels, skin and areola-nipple tissue with increase in tumor size. We found 15.3% overall incidence of ALNI in tumors ${\leq}2cm$, indicating the need for more investigation to omit full axillary lymph node dissection with an acceptable risk for tumors below this diameter. While in patients with tumors ${\geq}2cm$, 84.3% of them had nodal metastases, so the best management for this group would be a full ALND. Tumor size is a significant predictor of ALNM and involvement of surrounding tissue, so that an exact estimation of the size of primary tumor is necessary prior to surgery to make the best decision for management of patients with invasive breast cancer.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.514-526
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• 2000

The active treatment phase in preparation for bone marrow transplantation(BMT) of che- motherapy regimen and total body irradiation (TBI) containing regimen requires considerable teaching. There have been researches that are related to treatment onto BMT patients and to psychological change during BMT process. However, it was hard to find researches focused on learning needs of patients undergoing BMT. The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data for effective educational program about BMT by investigating the learning needs in patients undergoing BMT. The subjects consisted of 90 BMT patients have been admitted to the department of BMT at three university hospitals. Data were obtained from October 1998 to March 1999 and analyzed by SAS program for unpaired t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test. The results were as follows : 1. Learning needs related to demographic characteristics was identified as below. That of male was higher than that of female. That of under age 29, unmarried, religious and university graduated group was higher than that of opposite group but it didn't show significant difference. Learning needs of group of patients who were employed was significantly higher then that of unemployed patients. 2. According to types of diagnosis, learning needs of myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS) patients was the higher than that of others, but admission frequency was the least. Learning needs of unrelated matched BMT(UBMT) patients was higher than that of autologous BMT patients. However, it didn't show significant difference. With regard to learning needs according to process of BMT, learning needs of Pre- BMT period or Post-BMT period was significantly higher than that of BMT day. 3. Learning needs related to BMT was relatively high (total mean: 3.11 of 4.0). The order of the mean score of leaning needs was shown as follows : Restricted activities after discharge, Relapse symptom, Complications of BMT, Kinds of available drugs at home. Therefore the learning needs that is related to life after discharge and to relapse and complications after BMT was high. 4. Learning needs related to radiation therapy was high (total mean: 3.35 of 4.0). The learning needs in radiation therapy items was the Skin care of radiation therapy and Purpose of radiation therapy. 5. Learning needs related to graft versus host disease(GVHD) therapy was high (total mean: 3.55 of 4.0). The highest learning needs in GVHD therapy items was the Preventive method GVHD. less admission frequency and UBMT patients. It is necessary that education for BMT patients should be focused on life after discharge and on relapse and complications after BMT. Especially education for allogeneic BMT patients should be emphasized on GVHD. For all of these, it is necessary to develop systematic and concrete educational program.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.56-59
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• 2005

5개월령의 암컷 토끼가 소양증, 탈모 및 점액화농성 안루로 내원하였다. 전신에서 경미에서 중등도 인설이 관찰되었다. 안면부, 이개내측, 사지 중수골과 중족골의 내측, 좌측슬관절 앞쪽의 탈모, 발적, 구진, 농포와 가피등의 다양한 피부병변이 나타났다. 채취된 인설의 현미경 검사에서 다수의 Cheyletiella spp가 관찰되었다. 다수의 이염색성 백혈구, 호산구 및 림프구가 세포학적 검사에서 나타났으며 곰팡이 배양검사는 음성이었다. 세균배양결과 Pasteurella spp가 검출되었다. 검사결과에 따라 Cheyletiella 피부염으로 진단하였다. 치료는 selamectin 6mg/kg을 2주 간격으로 2회 국소 적용하였으며 치료 1개월 후에 임상증상이 현저하게 경감되었고 피부병변은 대부분 정상으로 회복하였다. 따라서 selamectin의 국소적용은 토끼의 Cheyletiellosis의 치료에 효과적인 것으로 판단되었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.268-271
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• 2015

2년 령 수컷 북방 참매 (대한민국 천연기념물 323-1호 지정)가 지간부위 통증, 부종 및 파행을 주호소로 내원하였다. 북방 참매는 지역 농가에서 구조되어 2주정도 자가 치료를 하였으나 상태가 악화되어 본원에 내원하였다. 신체검사 상 양쪽 발에서 발바닥 지간염과 4번째 발가락의 허약 증상을 보였다. 방사선학적 검사에서 발바닥 연부조직의 부종성 병변과 뼈의 융해 소견이 관찰되었으며, 분야별 복합적인 접근을 토대로 3기 bumble foot으로 진단되었다. 창상 부위의 삼출물 배양을 실시하는 동시에 항생제 감수성 검사를 수행하였다. 배양 결과 분리 균주는 Staphylococcus aureus로 확인되었으며 Amikacin이 감수성이 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 우선적으로 병변 부위를 절제하여 괴사된 부분을 제거한 후 세척하고 배액한 후 국소적으로 광범위 항생제인 뮤피로신 연고제를 도포한 다음 볼붕대법으로 유지 및 소독, 배액을 실시하였다. 3주 동안의 집중적인 치료를 통해 상처 부위는 완전히 치유되었지만, 후유증으로 양쪽 발 4번째 발가락의 지지력이 약해졌다. 치료 시작 8주 후 북방 참매는 자연으로 방사되었다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.265-274
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• 2005

Diabetic gastroparesis is a disorder in a diabetic of delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction. It is estimated that about 20%-50% of diabetics suffer from gastroparesis. Clinical Sympoms include early satiety, bloating, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain, and weight loss. Severe gastroparesis might result in recurrent hospitalization, malnutrition, and even death, but, no exact treatment has yet been established. Electrogastrography has been known to be a simple, non-invasive, and effective method in assessing gastric motility and EGG has been used to diagnosis diabetic gastroparesis and to estimate its prognosis. Recently, two cases of diabetic gastroparesis were observed. For this cases, manual acupucture, electroacupucture, lumbar skin warming and herb medicine were applied. After application of these therapies, gastrointestinal symptoms improved and these therapeutic effects were confirmed in EGG. Moreover, blood glucose control improved, so patients were able to discontinue insulin injection and change to p.o.medication. In light of this encouraging application of oriental medicine, this is reported along with investigation of the literature.

• 가정간호학회지
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• 제2권
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• pp.35-51
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• 1995

This study was done to define nursing diagnose and to test the validity of the characteristics for patients with cerebrovascular accidents being seen at home by home health care nurses. This study was a descriptive study. The sample consisted of 10 experts(professors and home health care nurses) who had had a variety of experience using nursing diagnoses in clinical practice, and 336 nurse progress notes for 18 patients with cerebrovascular accidents. First, 32 nursing diagnoses were defined by the analysis of 336 nurse progress notes, and ten nursing diagnoses were selected according to a criteria of frequency and four nursing diagnoses from home health care clinical practice. Second, content validity was examined by an expert group which considered the sign / symtoms of the fourteen nursing diagnoses. The instrument used for this was a checklist for sign / symtoms based on the nurse progress notes and literature : Carpenito(1993), Kim Cho Ja et al (1994), Lee Sun Ok et al.(1994), Kim Mae Ja et al. (1992), Seoul University Hospital (1993) , Kim Mi Ja et al. (1991). The data were collected from March 1995 to April 1995. Data were analyzed using Content Validity Incidence where if 80% or more of the expert group agreed, characteristics were defined as a major sign/symtoms, if between 50% and 79% of the expert group agreed with the characteristic it was defined as a minor sign / symtoms. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1. Thirty-two nursing diagnoses related to patients with cerebrovascular accidents were defined. There was a high frequency for the following : 'Potential for disuse syndrome (61%)', 'Impaired physical mobility(50%)', 'Impaired skin integrity (44.4%)', Potential for aspiration(33.3%)', 'Potential for infection: respiration(33.3%)', 'Self-care deficit : bathing /hygine(27.8%)', 'Ineffective family coping(22.2%)', 'Potential for trauma(22.2%)', 'Alteration in nutrition: less than body requirements(22.2%)'. The following diagnoses were also used in home health care clinical practice : 'Anxiety in family (50%)', 'Caregiver fatigue(27.8%)', 'Ineffective treatment behavior (22.2%)', 'Ineffective Levin tube management and Levin tube feeding(22.2%)'. Fourteen nursing diagnoses were selected. 2. Ten of the nursing diagnoses for patients with cerebrovascular accident were listed as nursing diagnoses by NANDA but four nursing diagnoses were new nursing diagnoses used in home health care clinical practice. 3. Characteristics of the ten Nursing Diagnoses from NANDA were developed from the sign /symtoms in the literature and in the nurse progress notes. These characteristics was verified as major or minor sign / symtoms by the expert group. 4. Characteristics of the four nursing diagnoses used in home health care were not defined by the literature but only by the nurse progress notes and verified as major or minor signs /symtoms by the expert group. On the basis of the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made : 1. Continual study is necessary to identify other signs /symtoms not verified in this study. 2. It is necessary to use verified signs /symtoms in home health care clinical practice. 3. It is necessary to define related factors which define each diagnoses in this study. 4. It is necessary to develop of standardized nursing are plans which include defined signs and symtoms. 5. It is necessary to study the outcomes of the standardized nursing care plans.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.343-349
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• 2004

전기성문전도는 발성시에 성문의 진동이 전기적 임피던스를 이용하여 검출되는 신호이다. 본 연구는 이러한 전기성문전도를 기록하기 위한 장비를 구현하고 음성분석 및 후두질환 진단에 대한 적용생을 평가하고자 하였다. 전기성문전도의 하드웨어는 2 쌍의 링전극, 동조증폭기, 검파기, 저역통과필터, 자동이득조절부 등으로 구성되며, 2.7MHz의 반송파 신호를 이용하고 진폭 변조 방식의 검파를 통해 임피던스 신호를 추출하도록 하였다. 추출된 신호는 PC 사운드 카드의 라인 입력을 통해 샘플링되고 양자화되었다. 검출 신호를 분석하기 위한 파라미터는 패래 시간을(CQ), 개폐 속도율(SQ), 개폐속도지수(SI), 성대진동 주파수(F0), 성대진동 주파수변동지수(Jitter), 성대진동 진폭변동지수(Shimmer) 등을 추출하였다. 전기성문전도를 분석한 결과, F0가 증가할수록 CQ는 커지고, SQ와 SI는 작아지는 경향을 보였으며, 전기성문전도와 음성 선호의 기본주파수가 일치함을 알 수 있었다. CQ, SQ, SI는 정상인과 후두암 환자를 비교한 결과 유의한 차이를 보였다. 이러한 결과는 성대의 운동을 관찰할 수 있는 휴대용 전기성문전도 계측기의 구현이 가능하게 하였고, 성대 기능 이상 검사가 가능함을 시사하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.378-386
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• 2014

Topical agents including of steroids are easily exposed to Korean patients in community setting. Those topical agents must be use cautiously because can cause adverse drug reaction unlike other oral medication. We evaluate the using pattern topical agents of Korean in community setting. We performed a questionnaire survey in three different pharmacies (general community pharmacy, dermatology clinic oriented pharmacy, general hospital oriented pharmacy) and in three university town. The survey asked necessity of topical agents, the number of applications per day, application period, site, and exist of steroids ingredient, etc. Total 330 people was participated in the survey from May 1st to July 31st, 2014. We analysed the survey by the frequency of each question and cross-analysis of the compliance between general public and pharmacy groups. In results, Korean people used topical agents for sudden skin diseases (66.9%), was gotten by dermatologist's prescription (89.1%), and did not know their diagnosis (39.2%). The people applied topical agents on face (22.3%), less one half FTU (finger tip unit) per application (61.9%), less than one week (62.9%). Though they was received drug education from pharmacist (52.2%), did not heard about adverse effects (78.4%). And compliance of applied times in pharmacy group was higher than in-non-pharmacy group (56% vs 38%, p=0.002). The highest compliance between 3 pharmacy subgroup was general community pharmacy (76.3% vs 61.6%, 61.2%, p=0.039). Compliance of applied duration was no difference between groups. Majority of respondents did not know diversity of ingredients, potency, application area of topical steroids, and replied to feel some vague reluctance and to think so dangerous about topical steroids. In conclusion, Korean people in community use topical agents well but still some exposed to risk from topical agents.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.618-623
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• 1995

저자들은 내원 3개월 전부터 발생한 두통을 주소로 내원하여 검사결과 폐와 중추신경계를 동시에 침범한 효모균증으로 진단된 56세 여자환자에서 amphotericin B로 6주간 치료한 후 fluconazole 200mg/day로 전환하여 3개월간 경구 투여하여, 증상 및 흉부 방사선 소견의 호전과 함께 뇌척수액 추적 검사상 호전되고 두부 전산화 단층촬영상 특이 소견은 발견하지 못한 1례를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 이에 보고한다.