• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.50-53
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• 2017

Trichilemmal cysts are common fluid-filled growths that arise from the isthmus of the hair follicle. They can form rapidly multiplying trichilemmal tumors-, also called proliferating trichilemmal cysts, which are typically benign. Rarely, proliferating trichilemmal cysts can become cancerous. Here we report the case of a patient who experienced this series of changes. The 27-year-old male patient had been observed to have a $1{\times}1cm$ cyst 7 years ago. Eight months prior to presentation at our institution, incision and drainage was performed at his local clinic. However, the size of the mass had gradually increased. At our clinic, he presented with a $5{\times}4cm$ hard mass that had recurred on the posterior side of his neck. The tumor was removed without safety margin, and the skin defect was covered with a split-thickness skin graft. The pathologic diagnosis was a benign proliferating trichilemmal cyst. The mass recurred after 4months, at which point, a wide excision (1.3-cm safety margin) and split-thickness skin graft were performed. The biopsy revealed a trichilemmal carcinoma arising from a proliferating trichilemmal cyst. This clinical experience suggests that clinicians should consider the possibility of malignant changes when diagnosing and treating trichilemmal cysts.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2007

Computerized image processing and analysis system was used for quantitative assessment of skin tissue components in color histological sections. The purpose of this study was to determine that the changes in the collagen fiber density and elastic fiber density in dermis in the rat skin as aging. And also to determine that the correlation between fibroblast density and collagen fiber density and elastic fiber density in the aged rat skin. Ten weeks old ($130{\sim}150g$) eight and fifty-four weeks old ($300{\sim}350g$) eight female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The full-thickness skin biopsy specimens were prepared serial sections and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome and Verhoeff-van Gieson. The collagen fiber and the elastic fiber were identified using the image analysis processing system and then calculated the collagen fiber density rate and the elastic fiber density rate in the dermis. It also identified fibroblast and calculated fibroblast density in the dermis. By using a Student's t-test, a decrease in the collagen fiber density rate (t=-4.650, P<0.001) and the elastic fiber density rate (t=-6.494, P<0.001) of dermis can be observed in aged rats as compared with the young rats. A Student's t-test showed a significantly less fibroblast density in the aged rats than the young rats (t=-4.497, P<0.001). There were significantly positive correlation between the fibroblast density and the collagen fiber density rate (r=.69, P<0.001) and the elastic fiber density rate (r=.91, P<0.001). These results indicate that the aging may decrease the collagen fiber density and elastic fiber density due to reduced the proliferative and synthetic activity of fibroblast in the dermis.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-52
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• 2005

Objectives : Conclusion : The purpose of this study is to examine effect that KDKEJ used to atopic dermatitis disease patient get in atopy eruption control experimentally. Methods : We analyzed the expression of IgE, IL-6, II-4, IL-5 and IL-13's level in serum, and $IFN-{\gamma}'$ production by KDKEJ extract. We also analyzed KDKEJ extract get to NC/Nga mine's skin establishment analyzes neck-back skin after biopsy, and H&E method measured about epidermis and dermis part in comparison with control group. Results : In this research KDKEJ extract as treatment result to a NC/Nga mice, IgE and IL-6 content in serum decreased remarkably than control group. And decreased than result control group which measure II-4, IL-5 and IL-13's level in serum and $IFN-{\gamma}'$ production secreted in Th1 cell displayed increase by KDKEJ extract. IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}'$ gene revelation amount displayed marked decrease than control group in result that observe effect that get in skin of a NC/Nga mice's skin establishment analyzes neck-back skin after biposy, and dye by H&E method decreased about epidermis and inflammation of dermis part remarkable than control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Th1 cell and Th2 cell observe to be shifted by secretion amount of IL-4 and $IFN-{\gamma}$ by KDKEJ extract could know that KDKEJ extract can use usefully in allergy autoimmune disease.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-57
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• 2011

Purpose: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare inflammatory, reactive dermatosis marked by painful cutaneous ulcer. The causes of pyoderma gangrenosum remain unclear. Gastrointestinal, hematological, rheumatological, and immmune disorders may be associated with pyoderma gangrenosum. The appearance of this disease may range from mild skin ulcers to life-threatening conditions. Generalized multiple ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum is very rare. Here we report our experience with a case of multiple ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum accompanied by ulcerative colitis. Methods: A 67-year-old man had cutaneous ulcers at multiple sites including the scalp, face, chest, abdomen, hands, and buttocks. He also developed gastrointestinal symptoms such as intermittent dyspepsia and bloody excrement. Debridement and irritation aggravated the disease progress. We gave a diagnosis of pyoderma gangrenosum with ulcerative colitis based on the clinical appearance and biopsy. The patient was treated with systemic intravenous steroid therapies and careful wound cares. Ulcers of the scalp and buttocks were treated with split thickness skin grafts. Results: Most of the multiple cutaneous ulcers were treated by systemic intravenous steroid therapies and wound cares. The rest of the ulcers were treated with skin grafts. Systemic intravenous steroid therapy was used to treat the ulcerative colitis. Conclusion: Generalized multiple ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum is very rare. Without making an accurate diagnosis, hasty surgical treatments could aggravate the progression of the disease. Additionally, care should be taken to systemically treat underlying disease as well as administrating local treatments for the skin lesions. Intravenous systemic steroid therapy and skin grafts are useful treatments for generalized pyoderma gangrenosum.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.1172-1176
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• 1997

Since Virchow first introduced the term myxoma to describe a tumor that recapitulates the structure of the umbilical cord, it has been increasingly recognized that many diverse neoplasms may acquire a similar myxoid appearance. Myxoma have evolved within the pathology literature from tumors often described in practically all sites to the currently recognized subtypes restricted to the heart, skin, soft tissue, and bone. Pulmonary myxoma is extraordinary rare. We experienced pulmonary myxoma in a 63 year old man. The pulmonary radiology showed mass in right upper lung field, and percutaneous transthoracic needle lung biopsy was performed to confirm the myxoma.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.419-422
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• 2014

Background: Lymphadenopathy is a common presentation in both benign and malignant diseases which need to be diagnosed without delay. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) helps us diagnose a disease and follow its course, including the response to therapy. Aim: This study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological features of metastatic lymphadenopathy and the diagnostic utility of FNAC in our setting. Materials and Methods: This two-year prospective study included all the patients with metastatic lymphadenopathy, diagnosed with FNAC. Results: A total of 412 cases (male:female ratio, 1.3:1; age range, 3 to 90 years) were studied. Supraclavicular lymph nodes were involved most commonly (50.5%). The commonest metastatic tumor was squamous cell carcinoma in general (30.1%) and in males (37.6%), and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (25.3%) in females. Lung, with 64 (15.5%) cases followed by esophagus, 60 (14.6%) cases; breast, 49 (11.9%) cases; skin, 32 (7.8%) cases; and stomach, 25 (6.1%) cases were the most common primary sites of malignancy. In 69 patients, excision biopsy was performed. Histopathological findings correlated well with that of cytology in all these cases. Conclusions: FNAC is an important tool in the diagnostic work up of metastatic lymphadenopathy, which in the hands of an experienced and skilful cytopathologist can avoid the need for excision biopsy.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.379-382
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• 1998

The 44 years old man was consulted to our department due to restriction of mouth opening. On radiograph, we found bony expansive lesion at right mandibular ramus and temporal bone that it was suspected malignant tumor. So we had performed incisional bone biopsy at right ramus through skin incision. The result of biopsy was osteosarcoma. Then, he had experienced radiation therapy for the protection of recurrence after several times surgery of nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, 28 years ago. So, we concluded radiation induced osteosarcoma from his radiation therapy history. He had referred to the department of hematooncology because of severe expansion to skull base and was received 4 times chemotherapy with cisplatin and adriamycin, but he was expired just after 4th chemotherapy. Such radiation induced osteosarcoma have relative good prognosis due to rare metastasis from other reports. So if it will early detect from close follow up after radiation therapy, survival rate will rise up. But we missed early detection of our case. So, we report a case of rare radiation induced osteosarcoma. Ly detection of our case.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.337-342
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• 1990

A case of a 39-year-old man with granulocytic sarcoma documented by positive Ga-67 scan is described and brief review of literature was performed. He was diagnosed as acute myelogenous leukemia and got complete remission with antileukemic chemotherapy for 7 months. On admission, picture of his bone marrow and peripheral blood showed remission state of leukemia. Radiologic examinations were performed for evaluation of lesions in head and chest, and findings of granulocytic sarcoma were suspected. So we got $^{67}Ga-citrate$ scan and pleural biopsy for identification of causes of intractable pleural effusion and skin lesion. Myeloblastomas (or granular sarcomas) proved by pleural biopsy were correctly identified by $^{67}Ga-citrate$ scan, and disease extent was clearly delineated. We believe that $^{67}Ga-scintigraphy$ is very helpful in localizing and follow-up evaluation of granulocytic sarcoma.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.202-205
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• 2020

Trichoepithelioma is a benign hair follicle tumor that can undergo malignant transformation into basal cell carcinoma in rare cases. Due to the similar clinical and histological features of trichoepithelioma and basal cell carcinoma, distinguishing between these types of tumors can be a diagnostic challenge. Punch biopsy obtains only a small sample of the entire lesion, and thus inherently involves a risk of misdiagnosis between histologically similar diseases. Therefore, if the possibility of misdiagnosis can reasonably be suspected, clinicians should conduct an excisional biopsy or immunohistochemical staining (e.g., CD10 and Bcl-2) to ensure an exact diagnosis. Although trichoepithelioma is benign, the surgical excision of solitary trichoepithelioma should be considered in order to avoid the possibility of malignant transformation, which has occasionally been documented for multiple familial trichoepitheliomas. Herein, we report a case that was initially misdiagnosed as trichoepithelioma before ultimately being diagnosed as basal cell carcinoma through excision and immunohistochemical staining.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 2019

Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare cutaneous carcinoma, featured by an aggressive clinical course and a mortality rate of 28% at 2 years. A 71-year-old female was affected by a 4.1-cm-wide locally advanced Merkel cell carcinoma of the upper eyelid, previously misdiagnosed as chalazion, with involvement of the extraocular muscles. Although the tumor showed a macroscopic spontaneous regression in size after the incisional biopsy, the mass was treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical excision. Good functional and aesthetic result with preservation of the eyeball and absence of tumor recurrence were achieved at 3-year follow-up. In our experience, the combination of the inflammatory cascade due to the incisional biopsy and neoadjuvant chemotherapy led to the regression of a locally advanced large Merkel cell carcinoma of the eyelid.