• Speech Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.27-38
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• 2004

This study attempted to determine the effects of a cooperative and cognitive group therapy compared to individual therapy in 24 aphasic subjects. Two dependent variables were measured overall language performance, functional communication skills. 18 subjects with different types and severity of aphasia participated in the group therapy. 6 aphasic subjects participated in the individual therapy and they functioned as a control group. The subjects were ranged from 27 to 59 years in age. The group therapy using the cooperative learning utilized the following procedures. First, 6 aphasics constituted 1 group where each subject peformed a task and they monitored one another. Second, 2 aphasics consisted 1 group and they cooperated to perform a task. Third, 3 groups with 2 aphasics in a group competed one another in a task where the 2 aphasics had to cooperated. Finally, the investigator gave the feedback to the group and she and the subjects discussed the overall procedures of the therapy. The above mentioned 2 tests were administered pre- and post-treatment. A repeated two-way ANOVA was performed for analysis. The results showed that the group therapy was more effective in improving overall language performance as compared to the individual therapy. And, the group therapy was more effective in increasing functional communication skills as compared to the individual therapy.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.21 no.1 s.23
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• pp.195-206
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• 1988

Two major issues of the blood bank management are quality assurance and inventory control. Recently, in Korea blood donation has gained popularity increasingly to allow considerable improvement of the quality assurance with respect to blood collection, transportation, storage, component preparation skills and hematological tests. Nevertheless the inventory control, the other issue of blood bank management, has been neglected so far. For the supply of blood by donation barely meets the demand, the blood bank policy on the inventory control has been 'the more the better.' The shortage itself by no means unnecessitate inventory control. In fact, in spite of shortage, no small amount of blood is outdated. The efficient blood inventory control makes it possible to economize the blood usage in the practice of state-of-the-art medical care. For the efficient blood inventory control in Korean hospitals, this tudy is to develop formulae forecasting the standard blood inventory level and suggest a set of policies improving the blood inventory control. For this study informations of $A^+$ whole bloods and packed cells inventory control were collected from a University Hospital and the Central Blood Bank of the Korean Red Cross. Using this informations, 1,461 daily blood inventory records were formulated.48 varieties of blood inventory control environment were identified on the basis of selected combinations of 4 inventory control variables-crossmatch, transfusion, inhospital donation and age of bloods from external supply. In order to decide the optimal blood inventory level for each environment, simulation models were designed to calculate the measures of performance of each environment. After the decision of 48 optimal blood inventory levels, stepwise multiple regression analysis was started where the independent variables were 4 inventory control variables and the dependent variable was optimal inventory level of each environment. Finally the standard blood inventory level decision rule was developed using the backward elimination procedure to select the best regression equation. And the effective alternatives of the issuing policy and crossmatch release period were suggested according to the measures of performance under the condition of the standard blood inventory level. The results of this study' were as follows ; 1. The formulae to calculate the standard blood inventory level($S^*$)was $S^*=2.8617X(d)^{0.9342}$ where d is the mean daily crossmatch(demand) for a blood type. 2. The measures of performace - outdate rate, average period of storage, mean age of transfused bloods, and mean daily available inventory level - were improved after maintenance of the standard inventory level in comparison with the present system. 3. Issuing policy of First In-First Out(FIFO) decreased the outdate rate, while Last In-First Out(LIFO) decreased the mean age of transfused bloods. The decrease of the crossmatch release period reduced the outdate rate and the mean age of transfused bloods.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.77-89
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• 2008

The purposes of this study were to measure the degree of middle school students' victimization and to identify the variables to affect it. The study were investigated 338 middle school students aged from 13 to 15 years old. The questionnaire consisted of victimization and affecting variables it; expression of anger, social skills, and aggressiveness. Multiple regression analysis showed that the overt form of peer victimization was explained by the control expression of anger, cooperation, sympathy, and enmity. The results also showed that the covert form of peer victimization was explained by the control expression of anger, sympathy, and enmity. In conclusion, sympathy of social skill was the most significant factor that affected the overt form of peer victimization and the covert form of peer victimization. Social skill will serve as the basic element to develop education programs to solve the problems of those who are victimization.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.283-291
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the persistency of effects of an integrated nursing simulation program on interest in learning, recognition of importance of communication, communication skills, and problem-solving abilities. Method: Forty-seven nursing students were recruited for this quasi-experimental design research. The experimental group (n=23) performed the simulation program for two weeks, and the control group (n=24) performed traditional clinical nursing practice for two weeks. Data were collected at baseline, immediately after the intervention, at 4 weeks, and finally at 8 weeks. Results: With respect to all variables, no significant differences were found between the experimental group and the control group. Interest in learning showed a significant increase in the control group (F=3.59, p=.018) at 4 weeks, and there was a significant increase in problem-solving abilities in the experimental group (F=4.98, p=.004) immediately after the intervention. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest that the integrated nursing simulation program is as effective as the traditional clinical nursing practice, and the integrated nursing simulation program could be used as an alternative.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.2747-2752
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• 2003

This paper has develops a new framework to understand the human’s driving maneuver based on the expression as HDS focusing on the driver’s stopping maneuver. The driving data has been collected by using the three-dimensional driving simulator based on CAVE, which provides three-dimensional visual information. In our modeling, the relationship between the measured information such as distance to the stop line, its first and second derivatives and the braking amount has been expressed by the PWPS model, which is a class of HDS. The key idea to solve the identification problem was to formulate the problem as the MILP with replacing the switching conditions by binary variables. From the obtained results, it is found that the driver appropriately switches the ‘control law’ according to the following scenario: At the beginning of the stopping behavior (just after finding the stopping point), the driver decelerate the vehicle based on the acceleration information, and then switch to the control law based on the distance to the stop line.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

Adolescent psychosocial smoking prevention programs have been successful, but limited in the magnitude of program effects. The present study is the secondary analysis after the previous study estimated mean effect sizes in smoking knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors with treatment variables. Regardless of overall program effect estimations that other meta.analysis studies have done, this study is conducted to identify explanatory variables that are likely to increase program effects. A decrease of adolescent smoking behaviors is associated with the following factors: a. Younger students ($5^{th}-7^{th}$) than older students ($8^{th}-12^{th}$). b. Research methodology using true experimental design, quasi experimental design with equivalence between groups, use of random assignment, 10% or less attrition rate, use of a no treatment control group, high implementation fidelity, and/or acceptable instrumentation reliability. c. Programs using trained peer leaders, targeting cigarette smoking only, implementing 10 or more treatment sessions and/ or providing booster sessions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.135-145
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• 2016

This research intended to investigate, from an ecological perspective, significant predictors affecting school life satisfaction. The subjects were 312 students(2nd grade) of commercial high school in Kyonggido. Data collected by questionnaire survey were analyzed by SPSS Win 22.0 and descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, hierarchical linear regression, and stepwise regression were conducted. There were 21 independent variables: 8 organism variables (self-competence, interpersonal skills, internal control, mood awareness, emotional expression, empathy, emotional regulation, emotional capability), 9 microsystem variables(school variables: the relationship with teachers, school learning, classroom climate, school welfare facilities, school environment/peer variables: peer relationship/family variables: family functioning, education level of fathers, economic status), 2 mesosystem variables(parent-teacher relationship, parent-children's peer relationship), 1 exosystem variables(satisfaction with Korean educational system), 1 macrosystem variables(Korean's primal belief in educational achievement). The results are as follows; the significant variables were the relationship with teachers, satisfaction with Korean educational system, peer relationship, emotional capability, parent-teacher relationship($R^2=45.3%$); and the effect of microsystem was the strongest($R^2=35.7%$). This research is meaningful of analyzing school life satisfaction of commercial high school in terms of ecological perspective.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.73-87
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• 2003

This research extends a general theory of human cognition to an applied domain of piloting skills. We examined how fast and accurately pilots achieve and maintain situation awareness in flight by measuring their consistency judgment between a written statement describing a flight situation and a cockpit display showing a current state of an aircraft. The goal of this research is to determine whether situation awareness is influenced by expertise level as a Auction of two different kinds of flight situation variables. It was revealed that flight situation variables representing relations between flight elements had an effect on situation awareness. Working memory was found to play a critical role in integrating a variety of flight information form multiple sources. It was also revealed that flight situation variables representing the contents of flight elements had influence on situation awareness in flight. These results were explained in a theoretical framework of a construction-integration model to reveal the cognitive processes underlying situation awareness in flight.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of Problem-Based Learning on Student's Creativity Ability in Middle School Science Class. The experimental group had Problem-Based Learning classes for six weeks and control group had traditional inquiry instruction for the same period. The results of this study presents that Problem-Based Learning is significantly effective for the improvement of creative skills test and creative tendencies. And PBL group student's had positive thinking for PBL. It's not easy to generalize these results because of many different variables. but the results suggests that teachers should make an effort to improve student's creativity applying Problem-Based Learning. And it's necessary to develop many kinds of problems and teacher's instruction method to enrich creativity in the process of Problem-Based Learning.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.99-108
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• 2022

Purpose: This study aims to identify the core competency of sellers on their sales performance in the context of e-commerce, and to verify the mediating effect of innovative sales activities. Research design, data, methodology: A questionnaire survey was carried out to 200 sellers in e-commerce. Exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis for Cronbach's Alpha were performed to verify the validity and reliability of the and the regression analyses of 5,000 bootstrap samples were carried out to test hypotheses. Results: Based on the analysis, the elements of competencies of sellers in e-commerce such as self-control, trust-building, social interaction skills were positively related to the innovative sales activities and sales performances. Innovative sales activities also affected sales performances. Indirect effects of competencies of sellers on sales performance via innovative sales activities were partially effective depending on variables that brought practical implications. From a practical perspective, the valid competencies found in this study may be applied for the recruitment and selection of sellers. Conclusion: This study shed light on theories of e-commerce sales and sales practices by examining the competencies of sellers in e-commerce compared to those of traditional sellers and by revealing innovative sales activities as the effective mediator for sales performance.