• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.25-42
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• 2005

The study was to investigate kinematic difference between flexed and extended type of knee during Jigeo-Cha-Gi in Taekwon-Do. For this subjects participated were consisted of weights of fin (1), bantam (1) and welter class(1) of male 3 national representative level skilled in two type(flexed and extended type) of Jigeo-Cha-Gi. 3D cinematography analysis was performed for motion analysis and Kwon 3D ver. 3.1) was used for 3D coordinates & analysis variables calculation. In Temporal variable there was no significant difference statistically in all phases & total elapsed time between flexed and extended type, but flexed type was delayed more 0.016 sec than extended type. In displacement of COG there was significant difference in level of p<.05 showing longer mean 6.13 cm in case of flexed type than extended type in displacement of COG during all phase and too significant difference in level of p<.01 showing longer mean 4.4 cm in case of flexed type than extended type in displacement of COG in follow through phase. In velocity of COG there was significant difference in level of p<.001 showing higher mean 15.53cm/s in case of flexed type than extended type in velocity of COG(Y direction) during targeting phase and peak velocity(Y) was more fast 8.74 cm/s in extended type than flexed type. In velocity of leading leg in forward direction(Y) there was significant difference in level of p<.05 showing higher thigh mean value in case of flexed type than extended type but showing higher foot mean value in extended type at level of p<.001 than flexed type in velocity of COG(Y direction). In velocity of leading leg in vertical direction(Z) there was no significant difference in the second & third phase in case of vertical velocity level, but momentum transferred efficiently form proximal to distal endpoint. In front-back & right-left orientation angle of trunk there was possibility of more stable Jigeo-Cha-Gi in extended than flexed type by decreasing in right-left orientation angle of trunk. In relative angle of lower leg(hip, knee, ankle) there was significant difference in level of p<.001 showing longer mean 32.74 deg. in case of flexed type than extended type in hip joint during the second phase but maintained insufficient extended knee of mean 168 deg. in targeting phase.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.405-410
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in kinematic variables and grip forces among professionals(PG), amateurs(AG), and novice group(NG) during golf putting. The participants consisted of 3 groups based on their playing ability: 8 professional golfers (handicap<5), 8 amateurs (handicap<18) and 8 novice. Each subject attempted 2.1m putts from the hole. 3D motion analysis system(Motion analysis Corp., USA) with 6 high speed cameras and grip force measurement system(Kim et al., 2007) were used to acquired kinematic and force data, respectively. To compare differences among groups, joint angles of upper limbs, trajectory and smoothness by jerk cost function(JC) of putter head and grip forces were used in this study. Results showed that there were significant differences among groups in most of variables such as joint angles, trajectory & smoothness of putter head, and distribution of grip force in both hands. In brief, we confirmed that putting stroke in PG was more accurate and smooth than that in other groups, especially NG, due to their well-controlled upper limbs and keeping grip forces constant in both hands. It can be concluded that due to skilled levels, fundamental differences of putting movement could be identified and these differences might be helpful for improving one's putting skills.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.73-88
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• 1998

The management of nursing resource is very important. that is because nursing staff accounts for 30-40% of total staff in a hospital and nurses provide patoents with attentive service for hours daily. The continuous turnover of nursing staff. however, impedes the quality-oriented nursing care, which will consequently leads to the loss of human and material resource in competitive society. This study aimed to calculate nurse's activity and compare the activity amount based on career experience. Futhermore it aimed to find factors which would influence 'quality weighed direct nursing activity amount'. Questionnaires and check lists for this study were distributed to nurses in a suburban hospital outside of Seoul from October 20 to November 14. 1997. The nursing activities were calculated according to professionality. independency and working hour. And then it were accumulated by quality score. The collected data was analyzed by statistical methods as t-test, ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows ; Firstly, carrel' experience had no influence on the quality weighed nursing activity amount. But the quality level of service of skilled nurses was higher than that of new nurses. Secondly, career was a variable affecting the quality in nursing service. So career was positively related to the quality of nursing care. Patient's disease severity and number of patient were positively correlated with weighed nursing activity amount. But job satisfaction was negatively correlated v:ith the amount. Thirdly, the independent variables which had significant influence on the weighed nursing activity amount were disease severity and the number of patients, The severity score and number of patient were directly proportional to the weighed nursing activity amount. This results indicated· that weighed nursing activity amount was influenced by the number of patient and patient's disease severity. The quality score of nursing services for experienced members is higher than that of new staff. But both new and skilled staff showed no difference in the quality weighed nursing activity amount. Internal and. external environment influences nursing activities. The quality of nursing services is very important factor in nursing activity. Therefore nursing managers should make an effort to improve nursing care quality through continuous research. Also they should try to maintain experience nurses and assign nursing staff appropriately with patient's severity and other relevant factors being considered. The quality-improved nursing care in the hospital will strengthen hospital's competitiveness.

• Journal of Technology Innovation
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.139-169
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• 2023

This study analyzes the effects of firms' technology innovation(patent applications) on employment(number of workers and proportion of high-skilled workers) and corporate performance(sales per worker), while considering the two-way causal relationships between these variables. We used the three-stage least squares(3SLS) estimation to examine system of equations in which the dependent variables affect each other with a two-year lag wherever relevant, and applied it to firm-level panel data of Korean manufacturers with 100 or more workers. Our data covered the period of 2005-2017. Exogenous variables, such as firms' managerial and other characteristics, were controlled as explanatory variables. The identification variables for each equation included firms' R&D intensity, labor cost per worker(or operation of firms' own R&D center), and investment on worker training. We find that firms' patent applications increased number of workers, proportion of high-skilled workers, and sales per worker; the causal relationships in the opposite direction were also significant. Evidently, firms' technology innovation is critical to the growth and quality improvement of employment as well as sustainable corporate growth.

• Journal of Advanced Technology Convergence
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2024

The reality of this study is that, in accordance with the development trend of human body art, art makeup and semi-permanent makeup are emerging as promising industries in the beauty industry among beauticians, and awareness of professional skill improvement is gradually increasing over time. Accordingly, interest in semi-permanent makeup has increased not only among beauticians who specialize in beauty industry or learn semi-permanent makeup, but also at beauty academies where they learn many beauty techniques, and this trending technology has been promoted at international beauty competitions by holding skill competitions for beauty technicians who specialize in semi-permanent techniques. As a venue for exchanging information about education, it is expected that synergistic effects such as dissemination of the education system can be expected. Korea's rapid industrial development has brought about great changes in the supply and demand of professional and detailed skilled manpower and in the formation of manpower in terms of technical level according to industrial development, and the skills and professional skills of beauty beauticians have improved due to the excellence of the professional education qualifications of beauticians and high skill evaluations. This had a significant impact on self-development and led to a re-recognition of the importance of efforts to achieve skilled skills.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 2012

Even though it is expected the industry on new media contents will be grown constantly, corporate feels that the related specialists, human resources are so lack and it is real that the specialty level on related personnel, skilled works is low. In current situation, it is essential that the active supports will be given to new media contents industry with constant high quality human resource development as a winning point to success. Therefore the curriculum development must be reflected the current field situation in this industry for the human resource to meet the field corporate requirements. The DACUM method is used to develop the curriculum on this study in order to develop the college level human resources who have active adoptability to corporate in new media contents industry.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.104-114
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• 2015

Seomin has been used frequently in mass media and political discussion. However, who is Seomin, how to define Seomin, and whether Seomin and middle class are different has been rarely discussed. This study conducted both national level of survey and in-depth interviews and explored how to define Seomin and who respondents think as Seomin. The majority of respondents consider themselves as Seomin and that monthly income is the most important criteria to define Seomin. Seomin was considered as those who have high school education and 200~300(million won) monthly income, live in a rented house, and work as a small-scale self-employer, skilled laborer, and low level of white collar workers. Also, Seomin is a precarious group which can achieve upward or downward mobility and is located between low and middle class. Those who have Seomin identity tend to have pride in their social status and hope for upward mobility rather than depreciate their social status or envy the middle class. In order for Seomin to be able to achieve upward mobility and to maintain pride in current status, diverse social policies are needed. Further analyses on examining characteristics and policy needs of Seomin are needed.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.28-38
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to provide information on the extent and variations of elderly residents' nursing care needs, and provision of nursing care across long term care facilities. Methods: A nationwide survey was conducted on nurse managers from 1,041 long term care facilities, by e-mail or fax, from August 16 to September 30 in 2017. A self-reported questionnaire consisting of 5 domains was used to collect data. Results: Facilities with more than 30 residents were more likely to need skilled nursing services and to obtain the nursing staff such as a registered nurse and a nurse's aide. Awareness and satisfaction of hospital-based home nursing care was high in all facilities. In addition, there are some differences in nurse managers' perceptions of the level of healthcare resources and required action by facility size. Nurse managers of senior congregate housings were more likely to have considerable difficulty in dealing with healthcare needs of residents and recognizing the healthcare resource shortage. A majority of nurse managers agreed on the need to employ a registered nurse. Conclusion: This study confirmed that it is essential to increase nurse staffing level and to reform the long term care insurance for enhancing the accessibility of healthcare services, especially for the residents in small long term care facilities. There is also a need to provide diverse education and training opportunities for nursing staff working in long term care facilities.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.217-227
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze 'response time', 'peak response time' and 'overshoot value' for each muscle by applying the EMG signal to the vehicle response in ISO 7401 and to quantify the response of the driver according to vehicle characteristics by comparing vehicle characteristics and muscle responses of the driver. Background: The Open-loop test defined in international standards ISO 7401 is the only method for evaluating the performance of the vehicle. However, this test was focused only on mechanical responses, not driver's ones. Method: One skilled male driver(22 yrs. experience) was participated in this experiment to measure muscle activities of the driver in transient state. Then the seven muscle signals were applied to calculate 'response time', 'peak response time', and 'overshoot value'. Results: In the analyses of the EMG data, the effects of vehicle type and muscle were statistically significant on the 'response time' and 'peak response time'. Also, the effects of vehicle type, muscle, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'overshoot value' in this study. According to the analyses of the vehicle motion data, vehicle motion variable(LatAcc, Roll, YawVel) was statistically significant on the 'response time' and vehicle type, vehicle motion variable, and lateral acceleration level were statistically significant on the 'peak response time', respectively. Conclusion: In the analyses of the 'response time' and 'overshoot value', the data of muscle activities(EMGs) was better index that could evaluate the vehicle characteristic and performance than the data of vehicle motion. In case of peak response time, both EMG and vehicle motion data were good index. Application: The EMGs data from a driver might be applicable as index for evaluation of various vehicle performances based on this study.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.368-372
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• 2007

Recently, construction companies prefer to use large scale system forms to prepare for lacking of skilled workers, aging and the chances of application of pre-build&post-sale policy. In result of the effort and interest, the duration for framework of domestic high rise buildings has been accomplished to 3-4days per floor but for the apartment housing which form over 90% of the domestic construction industry, and especially the middle story RC apartments which is the main part, the duration for framework is only about 6-8days per level. This is only about 50% of the duration per level of RC residential buildings in North America. In previous researches elementary technology, which has potential of duration reduction, was proposed and this research suggest the applicability in construction sites and ways to improve it using elementary technology applied Mock-up Test. Furthermore, we analyze the productivity and T/C usage rate of the 6day-Cycle and suggest an improved model.