• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2017

Objective: The bobsleigh shoes used in the start section are one of the most important equipment for improving the competition. Despite the importance of the start section, there are no shoes that are specific for bobsleigh athletes in Korea and Korean athletes have to wear sprint spike shoes and practice the start instead of wearing bobsleigh shoes. The objective of the present study was to provide data for improving the performance of Korean bobsleigh athletes by investigating the differences in their split time, plantar pressure, and forefoot bending angle based on skill levels at the start of a run under the same conditions as training conditions. Method: Six Korean bobsleigh athletes were divided into two groups, superior (n=3) and non-superior (n=3). A digital speedometer measured the split time at the start; the Pedar-X system (Novel, Germany) measured plantar pressure. Plantar pressures and split times were measured as the athletes pushed a bobsleigh and sprinted at full speed from the start line to the 10-m mark on the bobsleigh track. An ultra-high-speed camera was used to measure the forefoot bending angle during the start phase. Results: Significant between-group differences were found in split times (p<.000; superior = 2.38 s, non-superior = 2.52 s). The superior group had a larger rearfoot (p<.05) contact area, maximum rearfoot force (p<.01), and a larger change in angles 3 and 4 (p<.05). Conclusion: At the start of a bobsleigh run, proper use of the rearfoot for achieving effective driving force and increasing frictional resistance through a wider frictional force can shorten start time.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.85-96
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was performed to identify job competencies and needs for job education perceived by new community health practitioners. Methods: This study used a qualitative research design. Eight new community health practitioners participated in this study. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed using content analysis. Results: Five job competencies were identified in this study, including primary care, public health management, interpersonal relationship, teaching and counseling, and leadership. The contents of job education that they needed were management of major symptoms and chronic diseases, understanding and prescription of medications, emergency responses and care, management of endemic diseases, planning and management of public health programs, writing official documentsand computer works, and leadership training. The learning methods they preferred were connecting theory and practice, situation- or case-based learning, skill- or practice-based learning, and increased opportunities of clinical practice. Conclusion: The findings of this study provided the direction of job education for new community health practitioners. Job education for new community health practitioners needs to consider the job competencies and educational needs identified in this study.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.155-178
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• 2009

The ODR can be categorized into four distinctive types. First type is the asynchronous non-demeanour method. Second type is the asynchronous demeanour method. Third type is the synchronous demeanour method. Fourth type is the synchronous demeanour method. A typical example of the asynchronous and non-demeanour method is e-mail. The example of the synchronous and non-demeanour method is tele conference. The example of the asynchronous demeanour method is video recordings. The example of synchronous and demeanour method is video conference. The primary benefit of e-mail is to avoid the physical violence. But the costs of email is the lack of emotional aspects of disputants. The benefits of tele conference is ease of use, and reduces the negative aspects of face to face communication. but the costs are limitation of the exchange of written information. The benefits of video conference is the approximation of face to face communication by providing oral as well as visual communication. but it is insufficient to represent eye contact. The common limitations of ODR are as follows. First is the lack of human face. Second is the neutrality of arbitrators and mediators. Third is the authenticity of electronic document. Fourth is the digital divide across South and North and generations. Fifth is the cross-cultural communication. The development strategy of ODR is the training and education of arbitrators and mediators in the area of writing skill. Furthermore, it is necessary to supplement the weakness of email via diverse kinds of expressions to show emotions. Finally, it is necessary to train neutrals in the area of cross-cultural communication.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.573-581
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• 2019

4차 산업혁명의 시대를 맞아 인공지능, 빅데이터 및 사물인터넷 등의 기술을 다룰 융합적 창의력을 갖춘 고급 공학인력을 양성할 필요성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 4차 산업시대를 위한 융합적 창의력을 갖춘 실무형 공학인재를 육성하는데 필요한 산학협력을 기반으로 하는 설계 중심의 새로운 공학교육 방안들을 제시한다. 기존의 공학교육혁신 활동의 장단점을 분석하고 교육 제도 및 교육환경의 요구조건에 대해 경험을 바탕으로 실제적인 필요 요소를 제시한다. 산학 협력 환경 마련을 위한 방안, 종합설계실 구축과 설계교육 운영 방안, 산학협력 기반의 교육 운영 방안, 종합설계 관리를 위한 공학인증 운영 시스템 구축 방안들을 다룬다. 특히 정부의 지원과 협력 방안에 대해서 기존의 활동에 대한 분석과 함께 새로운 역할을 제시하며 혁신적 공학교육의 핵심 요소인 효과적인 설계 교육을 학습자 중심의 교육방법론을 접목하여 수행하는 방법에 대하여 논한다. 제안하는 방안들은 대부분 저자의 교육 현장에서 그 필요와 효과가 검증된 것들이다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2018

This study analyses the types, related operations, facilities, and causes of chemical accidents in Korea based on the RISCAD classification taxonomy. In addition, human error analysis was carried out employing different human error classification criteria. Explosion and fire were major accident types, and nearly half of the accidents occurred during maintenance operation. In terms of related facility, storage devices and separators were the two most frequently involved ones. Results of the human error-based analysis showed that latent human errors in management level are involved in many accidents as well as active errors in the field level. Action errors related to unsafe behavior leads to accidents more often compared with the checking behavior. In particular, actions missed and inappropriate actions were major problems among the unsafe behaviors, which implicates that the compliance with the work procedure should be emphasized through education/training for the workers and the establishment of safety culture. According to the analysis of the causes of the human error, the frequency of skill-based mistakes leading to accidents were significantly lower than that of rule-based and knowledge based mistakes. However, there was limitation in the analysis of the root causes due to limited information in the accident investigation report. To solve this, it is suggested to adopt advanced accident investigation system including the establishment of independent organization and improvement in regulation.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.745-755
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to observe school education system, higher education, and fashion education in Germany to find a good model for an desirable future education to lead a creative students in Korea, thereby reshaping curriculum. We also analysed the curriculum of the fashion design offered in Hochschule Pforzheim and Berlin University of Art. We used secondary data collection by literature reviews of articles and web sites on the internet. Results of this study are as follows: German school and education system oriented with differentiation even though there are variety of them. Students can select their education system, considering work field and their own life & humanities. Various fashion education institutions were found to have their own education concept to enhance creativity with different system. Our results of analysis of the fashion design program of Hochschule Pforzheim and Berlin University of Art show their creativity education in their curriculums with module basis. Two universities have a differentiate education direction for the same aim to do creative design study and research. We realized that students learn and get the knowledge and apply to the field with a long term internship, communication skill and presentation development courses. Project based modules enable students to be creative, and active human. Strong design basis, and humanities disciplines will support people to creative design works. These two universities offer a good model of program to build up self education drive, academic and practical ways of training, and project based, internship, etc.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.1907-1910
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• 2012

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer and the fifth cause of cancer death in Iranian women. Early detection and treatment are important for appropriate management of this disease. Mammography and ultrasonography are used for screening and evaluation of symptomatic cases and the main diagnostic test for breast cancer is pathological. In this study we evaluated mammography and ultrasonography as diagnostic tools. Methods: In this cross-sectional study 384 mammography and ultrasonography reports for 255 women were assessed, divided into benign and malignant groups. Suspected cases were referred for pathology evaluation. The radiologic and pathologic reports were compared and also comparison was performed based on age groups (more and less than 50 years old), history of breastfeeding and gravidity. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS. Results: The mean ages of malignant and benign cases were $49{\pm}11.6$ and $43{\pm}11.2$ years, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for mammography were 73% and 45%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity for ultrasonography were 69% and 49%, respectively. There were statistical differences between specificity of mammography in patients based on factors such as history of gravidity, breastfeeding and sensitivity in patients equal or more than 50 years old and less. Conclusion: Factors affecting different results in mammography and ultrasonography reports were classified into three groups, consisting of skill, experience and training of medical staff, and setting of instruments. It is recommended that health managers in developing countries pay attention the quality of setting and man power more than current status. Policy-makers and managers must establish guidelines regarding breast imaging in Iran.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.809-824
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the contents and concept of program for healthy family and provide job opportunity and competency of healthy family supporter. For this research, participants are 51 healthy family supporters as a middle manager. Data were obtained through the survey using a questionnaire developed by the ministry of women and family and headquarter of healthy family support centers in 2007. The research process consists of two parts. One is to suggest their jobs and requirements, the other is to offer their core competency and area for improvement. First, the jobs of healthy family supporters as a middle manager are the generalization of team's work including the planning, management and coordination, training for the staff, and network of social resources. They recognized the planning and management of healthy family support center's goal and course as a strategic job. The requirements for the performance of their duties are having a bachelor's or a master's degree, career more than for 3 years, and a certificate of qualification of healthy family supporters, social worker and family counselor. Second, their competencies are the understanding of education of family life, theory of family counselling, the planning and valuation of program for healthy family, understanding for the variegated family, management of organization, networking with resources, ability of documentation, ability of persuasion and negotiation, management of time, sociality, communication skill, solving the problem, positiveness, cooperative spirit and so on.

• 노동경제논집
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.125-162
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• 2001

사업체 설문조사에 근거하여 비정형근로의 실태를 분석한 결과 비정형근로자들은 여성, 서비스업, 그리고 기업특수적 숙련을 요구하지 않는 직종들에서 많이 존재한다. 그 임금은 비슷한 속인적 특성을 가진 정형근로자에 비하여 대체로 10~19% 더 낮은 수준으로 결정되는 것으로 나타난다. 비정형근로자의 경우 기본급 결정기준으로 직무내용과 직무능력은 상대적으로 적게 고려되고, 퇴직금과 상여금 등의 혜택이 크게 낮으며, 휴가, 노동조합 가입자격, 4대 사회보험이나 교육 훈련 면에서의 혜택도 전체적으로 크게 낮아서 경제성장의 혜택으로부터 소외될 가능성이 높다. 비정형근로자의 노동조합 가입비율은 매우 낮아서 노동조합에 의한 근로조건 개선도 기대하기 어렵다. 비정형근로자의 활용이유는 개별 사업체의 입장에서는 주로 수량적 유연성에 대한 요구 때문이고 거시경제적으로는 기업의 소형화와 산업의 서비스화 때문이며 따라서 비정형근로자의 수는 앞으로도 계속 늘어날 것으로 예측된다.

• 대기
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.669-683
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• 2015

In this study, we investigated the prediction skills of four multiple linear regression methods for monthly air temperature over South Korea. We used simulation results from four regional climate models (RegCM4, SNURCM, WRF, and YSURSM) driven by two boundary conditions (NCEP/DOE Reanalysis 2 and ERA-Interim). We selected 15 years (1989~2003) as the training period and the last 5 years (2004~2008) as validation period. The four regression methods used in this study are as follows: 1) Homogeneous Multiple linear Regression (HMR), 2) Homogeneous Multiple linear Regression constraining the regression coefficients to be nonnegative (HMR+), 3) non-homogeneous multiple linear regression (EMOS; Ensemble Model Output Statistics), 4) EMOS with positive coefficients (EMOS+). It is same method as the third method except for constraining the coefficients to be nonnegative. The four regression methods showed similar prediction skills for the monthly air temperature over South Korea. However, the prediction skills of regression methods which don't constrain regression coefficients to be nonnegative are clearly impacted by the existence of outliers. Among the four multiple linear regression methods, HMR+ and EMOS+ methods showed the best skill during the validation period. HMR+ and EMOS+ methods showed a very similar performance in terms of the MAE and RMSE. Therefore, we recommend the HMR+ as the best method because of ease of development and applications.