• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.137-146
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• 2013

Premature-green wheat is typically obtained by early harvest when culms of wheat still appear green in color, and the wheat and its food products have been considered as wellbeing foods. The pasting properties of prematured whole green wheat powder (WGWP), were analyzed with a rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA), and compared with commercial flours. The RVA values of lower peak viscosity and time, holding strength, final viscosity, as well as breakdown and setback viscosity showed that the WGWP could retard a gelatination of starch and also delay retrogradation in bakery products. WGWP with different levels of 10, 20, 30 or 50% was added into flours for preparing bakery product (bread, muffin and cookie), and their quality properties were evaluated. The addition of WGWP lead to a reduction in loaf volume of bread and muffin, and bakery products containing different levels of WGWP showed the changed internal surface structure (e.g. pore size) observed with a scanning electron microscope when compared with the control (0% WGWP). The hardness, gumminess, chewiness of bread and muffins were increased, and cohesiveness was decreased as the WGWP content increased, but the hardness of cookies was decreased. The bakery products added WGWP showed darker and more greenish and yellowish color than control (p<0.05). The sensory evaluation showed that bakeries with WGWP were scored to have more greenish taste and green color (p<0.05), and muffins and cookies with WGWP were evaluated to have more nutty and less oily taste (p<0.05).

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.8-15
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• 2006

The size of the superconducting domains and the critical current density inside these domains have to be enhanced for most of cryomagnetic applications of melt-textured YBCO bulks. To enlarge the size of the domains we studied the multi-seeding technique based on a well-established procedure for preparing high quality YBCO monoliths using self-made SmBCO seeds. The distance between the seeds was optimised as a result of the investigation of the effects of various seed distances on the characteristics of the grain boundary Junctions. The influences of a-b plane intersections and c-axis misalignments were researched. Thereby, a small range of tolerance of the misorientations between the seed crystals was found. Field mapping was applied to control the materials quality and the superconductor's grain structure was investigated using polarisation microscopy. YBCO function elements with iou. seeds in a line and an arrangement of making type (100)/(100) and (110)/(110) boundary junctions, respectively, were processed. The trapped field profile in both sample types shows single domain behaviour. To demonstrate the potential of the multi-seeding method a ring-shaped sample was processed by placing sixteen seeds in a way to make both (100)/(100) and (110)/(110) grain junctions at the same time. The results up to now are very promising to prepare large single domain melt-textured YBCO semi-finished products in complex shapes.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.2917-2921
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• 2014

Cerium-activated yttrium aluminate ($Y_3Al_5O_{12}:Ce^{3+}$) exhibiting a garnet structure has been widely utilized in the production of light emitting diodes (LEDs) as a yellow emitting phosphor. The commercialized yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) phosphor is typically synthesized by a solid-state reaction, which produces irregular shape particles with a size of several tens of micrometers by using the top-down method. To control the shape and size of particles, which had been the primary disadvantage of top-down synthetic methods, we synthesized YAG:Ce nanoparticles with a diameter of 500 nm using a coprecipitation method under the atmospheric pressure without the use of template or special equipment. The precursor particles were formed by refluxing an aqueous solution of the nitrate salts of Y, Al, and Ce, urea, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (55 K) at $100^{\circ}C$ for 12 h. YAG:Ce nanoparticles were formed by the calcination of precursor particles at $1100^{\circ}C$ for 10 h under atmospheric conditions. The phase identification, microstructure, and photoluminescent properties of the products were evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, absorption spectrum and photoluminescence analyses.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.685-693
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• 1988

From leaching of Korean native halloysite with hot sulfuric acid, active species of siliceous aluminosilicate are obtained as residue, which gives the mole ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 10 and substantially removes most acid-soluble impurities. By dissolving the residue in sodium hydroxide at an ambient temperature sodium silicate solution is prepared, this is used for zeolite synthesis as one of starting materials. In order to prepare zeolite Type 4A thereform, addition of a proper aluminum source is made so that the composition of the reactant materials may be of the following mole ratios : Na2O/SiO2=1.2-1.5, SiO2/Al2O3=1.8-2.0 and H2O/Na2O=34-45 By careful control of ageing time and temperature, subsequent crystal growth is induced into microfine zeolite 4A, which gives optimum particle size distributjion being suitable for detergent builder. The zeolite products thus obtained and highly competitive with those from the use of the refined clay in comparison of their calcium exchange capacity, whiteness and particle size distribution. The present method shows a marginal advantage over the existing procedures requiring neitherseparate purification nor calcinating otherwise necessary for the raw clay ores in use.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.174-177
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• 2004

The nickel-based alloy Nimonic 80A possesses strength, and corrosion, creep and oxidation resistance at high temperature. These products are used for aerospace, marine engineering and power generation, etc. The control of forging parameters such as strain, strain rate, temperature and holding time is important because the microstructure change in hot working affects the mechanical properties. It is necessary to understand the microstructure variation evolution. The microstructure change evolution occurs by recovery, recrystallization and grain growth phenomena. The dynamic recrystallization evolution has been studied in the temperature range $950-1250^{\circ}C$ and strain rate range $0.05-5s^{-1}$ using hot compression tests. The metadynamic recrystallization and grain growth evolution has been studied in the temperature range $950-1250^{\circ}C$ and strain rate range 0.05, $5s^{-1}$, holding time range 5, 10, 100, 600 sec using hot compression tests. Modeling equations are developed to represent the flow curve, recrystallized grain size, recrystallized fraction and grain growth phenomena by various tests. Parameters of modeling equation are expressed as a function of the Zener-Hollomon parameter. The modeling equation for grain growth is expressed as a function of initial grain size and holding time.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.147-154
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• 2020

Today, research is actively being conducted to derive meaningful results from big data. In this paper, we propose a partition-based big data analysis algorithm that can analyze the correlation between variables by setting the data areas of big data as partitions and calculating the representative values of each partition. In this paper, the analyzed visualization results are compared according to the partition size of a proposed partition-based big data analysis (PBDA) algorithm that can control the size of the partition. In order to verify the proposed PBDA algorithm, the big data of 'A' is analyzed, and meaningful results are obtained through the analysis of changes in sales volume of products according to changes in temperature and sales price.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 2024

Purpose: Rapid technological advancements and information dissemination have catalyzed a steep upsurge in the distribution of ornamental flower arrangement products, effectively meeting the burgeoning demands of customers. This research endeavours to elucidate the relationship between market orientation (MO) and competitive advantage (CA), with the intermediary role of marketing performance (MP) within Denpasar's flower arrangement retail sector. Research Methods: Conducted within a Denpasar-based flower shop, the study engaged 94 respondents through a questionnaire-based data collection methodology. Utilizing a saturated sampling approach, the sample size equated to the population size. The analysis employed SmartPLS, a robust statistical tool. Results: The study findings reveal that MO does not exert a statistically significant direct impact on CA. Nevertheless, MO exhibits a substantively positive and statistically significant influence on MP, which, in turn, substantially and significantly contributes to CA. For flower arrangement business owners, it is imperative to orchestrate effective control over their marketing performance. Conclusion: This involves nurturing enduring customer and employee relationships by steadily implementing market-oriented distribution strategies. By doing so, customer satisfaction and growth, pivotal in bolstering marketing performance, can be adeptly sustained, ultimately culminating in attaining competitive advantage.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.161-171
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• 2002

The number of food establishments selling raw and convenience foods are increasing in Korea, and people enjoy purchasing and eating foods at these shops. However, there are only a few reports on the temperature control of the refrigerators and freezers at retail food shops. This study was performed to investigate the temperature control of refrigerators and freezers in retail food shops in Daegu. The survey was carried out from July 20 to August 30 in 2001. The trained surveyors visited the twenty retail food shops (four department stores, eight marts/supermarkets and eight convenience stores) in the 8 major areas of Daegu and inspected the temperature control of 48 refrigerators for dairy products, fruits & vegetables, and rolled rice & sandwiches, and 52 freezers for ice cream & sherbet, frozen food, and frozen fish. The percentage of the refrigerators, and freezers with unsafe temperatures higher than the recommended safe temperature (10℃ for refrigerators, and -18℃ for freezers) was 42%; 45.8% in refrigerators; 38.5% in freezers. On an average, the bigger the size of the shop, the better than the other freezers. On the other hand, the temperature control of refrigerator for fruits & vegetables was the worst because they were usually open. Actual temperatures in the refrigerators and freezers were found to be significantly higher than the reading on the thermometers attached to the refrigerators and freezers(p<0.05). These results indicate that temperature control of refrigerators and freezers at retail food shops should be monitored several times each day, and should have strict inspection. There should be more detailed legal standard and specification for temperature control of refrigerators and freezers at retail food shops to prevent foodborne illness from unsafely stored food.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2016

As manufacturing industries become globalized, product design affects every area of organization. The design sets the goals for a number of different departments, so if it fails to effectively communicate these goals, the entire organization is less efficient. In addition, To communicate clearly, the design must represent a product that meets its technical specification. GD&T (Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing) is one of the most important factors, which has an effect on efficiency of manufacture system, in designing products. However, most of designers in different industries are prone to ignore the importance of GD&T. To analyse the importance of GD&T compliance with international standards for design drawing, a comparison analysis of the difference between two methods, composite profile control and multiple single segment profile control, is performed on three different cases and suggests how it used to be more suitable. Composite profile tolerance is specified by a dual feature control frame that has one profile symbol specified with two lines of tolerance information. Whereas a multiple single segment profile control is when two or more single segment profile callouts are used to define the location and/or orientation and/or size and/or form of a part feature. In this study, the following results will be provided : a clear definition and an obvious difference of the tolerance zone, datums and datums sequence and minimization of tolerances. On this study, composite profile tolerance and multiple single segment profile tolerance were discussed. Next steps of research will consist on reaching more accurate results for profile control. Further research will be focused on dealing with the remaining 14 symbols of GD&T.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.73-77
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• 2005

Linear motor has been considered to be the most suitable electric machine for linear control with high speed and high precision. Thrust of linear motor is one of the important factors to specify motor performance. Maximum thrust can be obtained by increasing the magnitude of current in conductor and is relative to the sizes of conductor and magnet. However, the magnitude of current and the size of conductor have an effect on temperature of linear motor. Therefore, it is practically important to find optimum design that can effectively maximize thrust of linear motor within limited range of temperature. Finite element analysis was applied to calculate thrust and numerical solutions were compared with experiments. The temperature of the conductor was calculated from the experimentally determined thermal resistance. The ADPL of ANSYS was used for the optimum design process, which is commercial finite element analysis software. Design variables and constraints were chosen based on manufacturing feasibility and existing products. As a result, it is shown that temperature of linear motor plays an important role in determining optimum design.