• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.467-476
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• 2011

복합명사구는 단일어보다 명확한 의미를 갖기 때문에 의미적 정보처리에서 중요한 요소로 사용된다. 하지만 명사구의 표현형태의 다양성 때문에 같은 의미를 갖고 있다 할지라도 그 동일성을 판단하기 어렵다. 이에 본 연구에서는 이러한 구문 다양성 해소를 위해 복합명사구 색인 방법을 제안한다. 본 연구의 최종목적은 다양한 형태로 표현된 동일한 의미의 명사구를 동일한 형태의 색인어로 표현하는 것이며, 이를 위해 다음과 같은 과정을 따른다. 먼저 복합명사구 인식을 위한 규칙 템플릿을 생성하고, 국내학술논문 집합에 적용하여 복합명사구들을 추출한다. 일반적으로 복합명사구는 특정성이 크다. 이에 이를 고려한 색인어 합성규칙을 제안하고, 추출된 명사구에 적용한다. 본 연구의 성능을 객관적으로 평가하기 위해 HANTEC 2.0 테스트셋을 이용하였으며, 그 결과를 기준모델과 비교하였다. 실험과 비교를 통해 본 논문에서 제안하는 색인방법이 검색 정확률 향상에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치며, 정보검색의 성능을 향상시킬 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.579-587
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• 2020

Novel silane grafted bentonite was obtained using the natural bentonite as precursor material. The material which is termed as nanocomposite was characterized by the Fourier Transform Infra-red (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The surface imaging and elemental mapping was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM/EDX) technique. The electroanalytical studies were performed using the nanocomposite electrode. The electroactive surface area of nanocomposite electrode was significantly increased than the pristine bentonite or bare carbon paste based working electrode. The impedance spectroscopic studies were conducted to simulate the equivalent circuit and Nyquist plots were drawn for the carbon paste electrode and nanocomposite electrodes. A single step oxidation/reduction process occurred for As(III) having ΔE value 0.36 V at pH 2.0. The anodic stripping voltammetry was performed for concentration dependence studies of As(III) (0.5 to 20.0 ㎍/L) and reasonably a good linear relationship was obtained. The detection limit of the As(III) detection was calculated as 0.00360±0.00002 ㎍/L having with observed relative standard deviations (RSD) less than 4%. The presence of several cations and anions has not affected the detection of As(III) however, the presence of Cu(II) and Mn(II) affected the detection of As(III). The selectivity of As(III) was achieved using the Tlawng river water sample spiked with As(III).

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2009

This study provides the optimum papain treatment method and its effect on wool/polyester blend fabrics. The enzymatic treatment condition is optimized depending on its pH level, temperature, concentration of enzyme, treatment time and concentration of activators. The characteristics of samples treated with the papain are measured using weight loss, tensile strength, whiteness, WCA, dyeing property and surface micrographs. The results are described as follows: According to measuring weight loss, tensile strength and whiteness, a pH level of 7.5, $70^{\circ}C$, 10% papain(o.w.f.) and 60minutes of treatment time are optimized for papain treatment. L-cysteine and sodium sulfite are able to activate the papain. The optimum concentrations of them are 10mM and 50mM respectively. The WCA of fabrics is decreased since papain treatment makes wool/polyester blend fabrics more hydrophilic. Scouring with papain treatment improves whiteness and dyeing property of fabrics. The dyeing property of papain-treated fabrics is enhanced simply by a single step dyeing process using a basic dye. The surface of wool treated with papain in the presence of L-cysteine shows to be descaled. The surface of wool fibers in the presence of sodium sulfite, however, shows it is hydrolyzed evenly instead of being descaled. The surface of papain treated polyester fibers shows cracks and voids.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.143-149
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• 2006

본 논문은 2차원 동적 진동문제를 공간-시간 유한요소법으로 해석하고 있다. 공간-시간 유한요소법은 공간만 분할하는 재래식 유한요소해석에 비해 보다 해를 빠르고 쉽게 얻을 수 있다. 상대적으로 큰 시간간격에 대해서 공간과 시간을 동시에 분할하는 공간-시간 유한요소 근사법을 제시한다. 가중잔차법으로 공간-시간 영역에 대해 유한요소법을 정식화하였으며 선형 사변형 공간-시간 유한요소를 선택하여 해의 안정성에 관하여 언급하였다. 일반적 동적문제에서는 상대적인 큰 시간간격으로 인하여 해의 불안정을 야기 시키고 있으나 본 연구에서는 수치의 안정성을 보여주고 있다. 비구조 공간-시간 유한요소법은 재래식 수치해석에서 흔히 발생하는 해의 불안정성에 대한 결점을 보완함은 물론 효과적인 계산방법을 지니고 있다. 이 방법의 효율성을 위해 수치예제들을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2017

Background: A gamma energy identifying algorithm using spectral decomposition combined with smoothing method was suggested to confirm the existence of the artificial radio isotopes. The algorithm is composed by original pattern recognition method and smoothing method to enhance the performance to identify gamma energy of radiation sensors that have low energy resolution. Materials and Methods: The gamma energy identifying algorithm for the compact radiation sensor is a three-step of refinement process. Firstly, the magnitude set is calculated by the original spectral decomposition. Secondly, the magnitude of modeling error in the magnitude set is reduced by the smoothing method. Thirdly, the expected gamma energy is finally decided based on the enhanced magnitude set as a result of the spectral decomposition with the smoothing method. The algorithm was optimized for the designed radiation sensor composed of a CsI (Tl) scintillator and a silicon pin diode. Results and Discussion: The two performance parameters used to estimate the algorithm are the accuracy of expected gamma energy and the number of repeated calculations. The original gamma energy was accurately identified with the single energy of gamma radiation by adapting this modeling error reduction method. Also the average error decreased by half with the multi energies of gamma radiation in comparison to the original spectral decomposition. In addition, the number of repeated calculations also decreased by half even in low fluence conditions under $10^4$ ($/0.09cm^2$ of the scintillator surface). Conclusion: Through the development of this algorithm, we have confirmed the possibility of developing a product that can identify artificial radionuclides nearby using inexpensive radiation sensors that are easy to use by the public. Therefore, it can contribute to reduce the anxiety of the public exposure by determining the presence of artificial radionuclides in the vicinity.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2013

$Cu_2ZnSn(S_x,Se_{1-x})_4$ (CZTSSe) thin films were prepared by sulfurization of evaporated precursor thin films. Precursor was prepared using evaporation method at room temperature. The sulfurization was carried out in a graphite box with S powder at different temperatures. The temperatures were varied in a four step process from $520^{\circ}C$ to $580^{\circ}C$. The effects of the sulfurization temperature on the micro-structural, morphological, and compositional properties of the CZTSSe thin films were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The XRD and Raman results showed that the sulfurized thin films had a single kesterite crystal CZTSSe. From the FE-SEM and TEM results, the $Mo(S_x,Se_{1-x})_2$ (MoSSe) interfacial layers of the sulfurized CZTS thin films were observed and their thickness was seen to increase with increasing sulfurization temperature. The microstructures of the CZTSSe thin films were strongly related to the sulfurization temperatures. The voids in the CZTSSe thin films increased with the increasing sulfurization temperature.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1583-1588
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• 2010

A single step fabrication process of carbon nanotube/Prussian Blue (CNT/PB) paste electrodes based on screen printing technology has been studied as an amperometric sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide and free chlorine. Compared to the classical carbon paste (CP) electrode, the CNT paste electrode greatly enhanced the response in the presence of hydrogen peroxide due to the electrocatalytic activity of the CNT. Based on the CNT/binder paste, PB was also incorporated into a network of CNT paste and characterized. The best electroanalytical properties of PB-mixed sensors to hydrogen peroxide were obtained with PB ratio of 10 wt % composition, which showed fast response time ($t_{90}{\leq}5$ s; 0.2 - 0.3 mM), low detection limit of 1.0 ${\mu}M$, good linear response in the range from $5.0{\times}10^{-5}$ - $1.0{\times}10^{-3}$ mol $L^{-1}$ ($r^2$ = 0.9998), and high sensitivity of -8.21 ${\mu}AmM^{-1}$. In order to confirm the enhanced electrochemical properties of CNT/PB electrode, the sensor was further applied for the determination of chlorine in water, which exhibited a linear response behavior in the range of 50 - 2000 ppb for chlorine with a slope of 1.10 ${\mu}Appm^{-1}$ ($r^2$ = 9971).

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집 C
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• pp.1491-1493
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• 2000

Continuing improvement of microprocessor performance involves in the device size. This allow greater device speed, an increase in device packing density, and an increase in the number of functions that can reside on a single chip. However this has led to propagation delay, crosstalk noise, and power dissipation due to resistance-capacitance(RC) coupling become significant due to increased wiring capacitance, especially interline capacitance between the metal lines on the same metal level. So, MSSQ which has the permittivity between 2.5-3.2 is used to prevent from these problems. For pattering MSSQ(Methylsilsequioxane), we use RIE(Reactive Ion Etching) and MERIE(Magnetically enhanced Reactive Ion Etching) which could provide good anisotropic etching. In this study, we optimized the flow rate of $CF_{4}/O_2$ gas, RF power to obtain the best etching rate and roughness and also analyzed the etching result using $\alpha$-step profilemeter, SEM, infrared spectrum and AFM.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1455-1464
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• 2021

Trehalose is a non-reducing disaccharide in increasing demand for applications in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Single-step trehalose production by trehalose synthase (TreS) using maltose as a starting material is a promising alternative process for industrial application due to its simplicity and cost advantage. Pseudomonas monteilii TBRC 1196 was identified using the developed screening method as a potent strain for TreS production. The TreS gene from P. monteilii TBRC 1196 was first cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Purified recombinant trehalose synthase (PmTreS) had a molecular weight of 76 kDa and showed optimal pH and temperature at 9.0 and 40℃, respectively. The enzyme exhibited >90% residual activity under mesophilic condition under a broad pH range of 7-10 for 6 h. Maximum trehalose yield by PmTreS was 68.1% with low yield of glucose (4%) as a byproduct under optimal conditions, equivalent to productivity of 4.5 g/l/h using enzyme loading of 2 mg/g substrate and high concentration maltose solution (100 g/l) in a lab-scale bioreactor. The enzyme represents a potent biocatalyst for energy-saving trehalose production with potential for inhibiting microbial contamination by alkaline condition.

• 산업식품공학
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.12-21
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• 2017

Foods are becoming more customized and consumers demand food that provides great taste and appearance and that improves health. Food three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology has a great potential to manufacture food products with customized shape, texture, color, flavor, and even nutrition. Food materials for 3D-printing do not rely on the concentration of the manufacturing processes of a product in a single step, but it is associated with the design of food with textures and potentially enhanced nutritional value. The potential uses of food 3D-printing can be forecasted through the three following levels of industry: consumer-produced foods, small-scale food production, and industrial scale food production. Consumer-produced foods would be made in the kitchen, a traditional setting using a nontraditional tool. Small-scale food production would include shops, restaurants, bakeries, and other institutions which produce food for tens to thousands of individuals. Industrial scale production would be for the mass consumer market of hundreds of thousands of consumers. For this reason, food 3D-printing could make an impact on food for personalized nutrition, on-demand food fabrication, food processing technologies, and process design in food industry in the future. This article review on food materials for 3D-printing, rheology control of food, 3D-printing system for food fabrication, 3D-printing based on molecular cuisine, 3D-printing mobile platform for customized food, and future trends in the food market.