• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.223-232
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of social network sports community consciousness on loyalty and sports attitude. In order to achieve this research purpose, the population of the study was selected as adult men and women over the age of 20 who are active in the social network sports community in 2022. The sampling method used cluster random sampling to select a total of 300 people, 150 men and 150 women, as research subjects. The survey tool used was the questionnaire method, and the questionnaire whose reliability and validity had been verified in previous studies at home and abroad was used by requoting, modifying, or supplementing it to suit the purpose of this study. It was also structured on a 5-point scale. Frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, simple regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed on the collected data using the statistical program SPSS Windows 20.0 Version. The results obtained through this process are as follows. First, social network sports community consciousness was found to have a partial effect on loyalty. Second, social network sports community consciousness was found to have a partial effect on sports attitudes. Third, social network sports community loyalty was found to have a partial effect on sports attitudes. Considering these results, various activities such as decision-making process, relationship formation, and opinion expression of modern people are carried out by the O-line community. In addition, while in the past it was a format that led from offline activities to online activities, currently, there are more and more formats that lead from online activities to offline activities. Therefore, modern people's SNS sports community activities provide many experiences, which creates a sense of community and sports attitudes are formed based on this. This can be said to lead to loyal activities.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.36-49
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• 1973

This study was carried out for the objectives to collect the basic informations on the health behaviors of the elementary school children in an urban area in Korea. Seven hundred students were drawn to fill in the designed questionnaire which carries variety of Questions on health re-lated behaviors in general, eating habits, disease history, mental health, and sex education. Questionnaire were filled in by their parents. Major findings are as follows: ① 55.7% had habits of washing the hands before eating whereas 59.8% trashing their hands after toilet. The others had no idea of washing hands before eating and after toilet. ② 26,5% had habits of brushing the teeth twice a day 54.7% only once in the morning, and 2.6% once only in the evening. Thus, the idea of prevention from decayed teeth seems to be lacking among the school children. ③ Bathing habits were also inquired to get 40.3% of bathing more than once a week, 43.1% once every two weeks, and the rest of 16.6% once every one to three months. ④ 41.7% keep the regular bedding time whereas 58.3% irregular. Physical exercises were con-ducted by 76.6% on the ground while 23.5% did not practice any physical exercises at all. Of those physical exercises, rope skipping occupied 37.5%, and the other 66.9% consisted of 14 different kinds of individual type physical exercises such as gymnastic exercise. The main reasons for not enjoying exercises were different by sex; boys largely complained the inadequacy and lack of gymnastic facilities and girls felt in short of friends who could join the exercises. ⑤ 31.9% of the school children had been taking not much of food while 28.3% had unbalanced diets. Of these unbalanced diets, meat occupied 33.2% to be the priority to have an order of the following items such as vegetables, bread or noodle, and fishes as next to each. For eating habits, 88.5% take simple snack such as bread (38.4%, cookies, fruits, and candies in order. 25.8% of the children were provided such snacks or their parents regularly. Breakfast was sufficiently taken by 45.0% whereas 8.4% had never sufficiently. As to the lunch, 63.6% had sufficiently while 16.8% insufficiently. 70.6% take breakfast with all family members together and 30.4% separately. Correlation of sufficient taking of breakfast and eating together of tile family member's seems to be significant when we compare 72.5% of sufficient takers who enjoy breakfast together with the family members with 55.6% of insufficient takers who enjoy it with the family. This finding allows the investigator to point out the importance of table circumstances for children's eating. ⑥ The most common disease was catching a cold (38.8%), and the second was stomach trouble to be followed by the frequency of car sickness, headache, and skin infection. Doctors are consulted only by 23.9% when they are sick whereas 59.7% resorted to the drug stores. The lower the educational attainment of the parents, the lower the rate of visiting clinics. ⑦ 36.7% of their parents pointed out the problems of personality guidance as the most difficult thing at home 71.3% of their parents worried about and unsatisfied with their children's personality traits. Of these complains of the parents, impatience stood at the top to be tabulated at 24.1%, and 21.1% indicated narrow-mindedness. In line with this primary socialization at home, the most crucial problem seems to be related with the lack or recognition of the parents'own role when we find only 43.1% of the parents understood the importance of their own role for the home education of children; the latter group attributed tile responsibility of personality formation to the children themselves. ⑧ As to the sex educational aspects, 30.9% of children have ever asked about the physiology of reproduction or sexual matters to their parents, of those parents only 17.0% could give the constructive responses to the inquiries of the children. In companies on with these data, 25.6% recognized their own role in sex education for their own children while the large segments of the parents (51.1%) attributed the responsibility of sex education to tile low level of 38.3% who recognized the importance of sex education in the school curriculum and 25.1% of the parents insisted to wait until they get to know naturally about sex. 38.1% of the parents said they had some knowledge on sex from books while 16.9% through mass media. The next groups had common senses of sex from their own parents, school friends and other sources.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.392-402
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 중학교 1학년 과학 기본과정 지구과학영역의 자율학습용 콘텐츠에 대하여 분석 및 평가를 하는 것이다. 이를 위해 한국교육학술정보원(2008)의 '초 중등교육 e-러닝 품질관리 가이드라인(Ver.2.0)'에서 제시한 '사이버가정학습 콘텐츠 품질관리도구'를 적용하였다. 콘텐츠 분석에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 학습안내는 학생들이 한 차시에 학습하게 될 내용들을 간략히 소개하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 선수학습에서는 진단평가가 이루어지지 않은 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 본 학습에서는 학습자의 수준에 맞게 콘텐츠를 선택하여 학습할 수 있었고, 본 학습 시간은 15분 내외로 구성되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 학습평가에서는 학습자가 오답에 대한 피드백은 이루어지지 않고, 틀린 문항 수만 제시되어 있었다. 그리고 학습정리는 그 차시에 배운 중요한 내용에 대해서는 다시 요약 정리하여 제시하고 있다. 콘텐츠 평가에 대한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 요구분석, 교수학습전략, 상호작용에 대해서는 각 차시마다 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그리고 윤리성에 대한 평가는 적합하지 못한 단어나 문장을 포함하고 있지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 저작권의 평가는 콘텐츠 내의 저작물에 대한 국제저작권표시방법을 준수하여 표시한 것으로 분석되었다. 둘째, 교수설계의 평가는 단순 그림 위주의 설명을 제시하였고, 플래시 등의 시각자료가 미흡한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 지원체계의 평가에서는 학습자가 콘텐츠를 자유롭게 이용할 수 있도록 설치되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 콘텐츠 학습 중 학습자가 메모할 수 있는 메모기능은 없는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 평가에 대한 평가는 서술 내용에 대한 명확한 평가기준을 제시하고 있지는 않았다. 따라서 각각의 차시마다 조금씩 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 학습내용의 평가분석은 수정 보완하지 않은 탓에 최신의 정보를 포함하고 있지 않아 각 차시마다 큰 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.498-509
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• 1998

The phrases such as elders' powerless soliloquy or stammering and their positions unadjusted to the real world are, so far, one of negative views on elder's reminiscences. In other words, it means that elders can get psychological consolation from the getting themselves absorbed in their past. The starting point of this study is, however, that elders' reminiscence are their own mode of the existence. This dissertation is studied through Van Manen's phenomenological research method. The aim of this study is to examine the nature of Korean elders' reminiscences by both observing and describing the reminiscing content in everyday life of elders. The research participants consist of the ten elders who are community elders, hospitalized elders and nursing home residents. The period of the research is about a year from Jan., 1996 to Feb., 1997. The results of this study are as follows : The natures of elders' reminiscences are the regrecting on their life, mitigating the regrects, the confirmation of the powers and the confirmation of their life's mark. The regrecting on their life is the starting point of elders's reminiscences. Elders have tried to examine their life through reflection on their life that they did not live good life as son and daughter for parents and as parents for children and that they have foolishly lived, on dream that they did not come true, on their learning that they did not unsatisfied. But elders mitigate the regrects. They have felt their limitations of power in the conflict of human relation, the economic matter and the difficult predicament, and have finally accepted their life as it is by conquesting from their tenacity. It is dynamically found that both the regrecting on their life and mitigating of the regrection. And they pursuit the powers. It means the pursuit of the vital powers, the vigorous powers and the competency. Elders have pursued their vitality, vigor and competency through their reminiscences and have wanted to be recognised by others as a powerful being. These have dynamic and compounded aspects. The confirmation of their life's mark refer to through their own situation of health, condition, children, neighbourhood and doing their duty as a human. Elders have confirmed the present value of their being through the reflecting the present, past self, other men around themselves, children, neighborhood and the doing their human duty as a good men. Therefore the results of this study can offer new view on the elders' reminiscences that we have to understand them as a process as what they are, escaping from the simple logic that elders' reminiscence have a positive or a negative effects. Also, this study which have examined the natures of Korean elders' reminiscences can cast a new light on elders' nursing proper for Korean culture.

• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제16호
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• pp.175-199
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• 2013

Capriccio which has emersed in Italy of the 18th century is a new genre of the landscape painting. This genre represents reality, but it is very artificial product correspondingly its concept and character. It's birth place is distributed on various regions in Italy, but the main stage was Rome. Till the middle of the 18th century Rome was the Holy city of the Grand tour, the home of the Neo-Classicism and furthermore the field where archaeology and art history began to be instituted. On such historical situation the Capriccio came out and was recognized as the best popular genre in the visual art. It was favor of the art collection with the antiquity together and reflected the consciousness of the contemporary to the ancient. This study will examine the phenomena in the newly-developed archaeology and with few representative works of Giovanni Paolo Pannini as central term consider the Capriccio and the archaeological connotation. The systematical and institutional archeology which appeared at the age of the Enlightenment, on the contrary to the critical theories at the same time against capriccio, because it was regarded by them as paradoxical and too much sensitive, utilized it as a theoretical method very actively. Some among Historians and archaeologists did it, especially Francesco Bianchini distinguished the capriccio from simple imagination and made it a capacity of the knowledge. And through it he wanted to find out the historical truth. The visual art was influenced and encouraged by such attitude of the archaeology. However it's output spreaded out in various courses. While Giovanni Battista Piranesi, the best known Capriccist of the 18th century, tried to revive the antique through the epical value and his own imagination, Pannini gave priority to the strict historical research. In the such context Panni succeed Giovanni Battista Nolli who made the great map of the city Rome. Their Capriccio profited motive and was inspired by the historians and archaeologists such as Bianchini and Muratori. The Capriccio reflects not only the academic and popular interest for the antique, but also influenced on the upcoming scientific archaeology vice versa. It caused by their reasonable Interpretation and restoration of the antique through the visual medium. Finally as archaeological landscape Pannini's Capriccio is a historical case, in that the Capriccio applied the theoretical method of the archaeology to make art. It served as a momentum for the connotation to the archaeological thought.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.165-177
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• 2015

Objectives: Based on individual and environmental characteristics of low-income children, we developed a nutrition education program for school-aged children from low-income families according to effective use in social welfare centers. Methods: We conducted in-depth group interviews to assess program needs in 28 participants, 10 low-income school-aged children and 9 of their care givers, 9 social workers and 9 care-givers. Theoretical backgrounds of our program were heath belief model and social cognitive theory considering motivation, action and environment characteristics. Results: Based on the findings of this qualitative study, we developed major program themes and contents. Five selected key themes were 'balanced diet', 'processed food', 'food hygiene and safety', 'Korean healthy traditional diet', and 'family cooking' to induce changes in dietary behaviors. Main findings of in-depth group interviews included 'child's active participation', 'simple and easy to understand messages', and 'environmental constraints' such as a lack of child care at home, limited budget of social welfare centers, and less qualified educators for nutrition and health. Each lesson was constructed as a 1-hour program particularly emphasizing activity-based programs, including cooking and teamwork exercises. Program contents in each session consisted of activities that could induce outcome and value expectations, self-efficacy, perceived benefits, and barriers and cues to actions regarding diet behavior. Conclusions: We developed a nutrition education programthat is rarely available for low-income children in Korea, considering theoretical bases. Further studies are needed to validate our program.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2009

Powdery and downy mildews caused by Sphaerotheca fusca and Pseudoperonospora cubensis are the most common and serious diseases of cucumber worldwide. In spite of the introduction of highly effective systemic fungicides, control of these diseases remains elusive. Hence, this study aimed to develop an alternative method to chemicals in controlling the diseases by using different types of cooking oil. Egg yolk, which contains a natural emulsifier, lecithin, was selected as a surfactant to emulsify the oils. Among the different cooking oils used, soybean, canola (rape seed), safflower, sunflower, olive, and corn oils showed over 95% control values against powdery mildew of cucumber in a greenhouse test. In particular, 0.3% canola oil emulsified with 0.08% yolk (1 yolk and 60 ml canola in 20 l spray) was found to be the most effective. The treatment resulted in 98.9% and 96.3% control efficacies on powdery and downy mildews, respectively, of cucumber in the field. Canola oil exhibited direct and systemic effect, wherein powdery mildew of cucumber was suppressed only on treated leaves but not on non-treated leaves in a plant, while mycelia and conidia of the pathogen were severely distorted or destroyed by the treatment. The prospect of using the canola oil and yolk mixture as a natural fungicide is highly promising because of its effectiveness, availability, low cost, simple preparation, and safety to humans and the environment. The use of the canola oil and yolk mixture is expected to be an effective fungicide for use in organic farming and home gardening.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.385-398
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• 2003

내배수시설계획시 최대저류비에 의한 유수지 규모의 결정 방법은 이전 연구자에 의하여 제시된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 동두천시 11개 소규모 내배수시설을 선정하여 분석한 결과, 배수면적이 작고 펌프기능이 강화된 내배수 시설에서는 강우지속기간별 우수지의 저류비의 차이는 미미하므로 최대저류비에 의한 조정지 규모의 결정은 무리가 있음을 알 수 있었다. 또한 최대저류비에 의하여 결정된 조정지 용량을 펌프에 의하여 배제되는 시간은 펌프의 허용시동간격보다 짧은 경우도 있어 펌프의 빈번한 작동을 초래한다. 그러므로 조정지는 펌프의 빈번한 작동에 의한 펌프 고장의 가능성을 피할 수 있는 규모로 결정되어야 한다. 다양한 펌프용량을 적용하여 분석한 결과, 소유역에서도 조정지의 기능이 강화된 내수배제시설에서는 최대저류비를 기준으로 한 조정지 용량의 결정은 펌프운영 측면에서 타당함을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 소규모 배수구역에서 조정지용량의 결정시 펌프의 계획배수량과 유수지의 용량에 따른 펌프의 시동빈도를 반영하여 기존의 최대저류비에 의한 방법을 개선한 방안을 제시하였다. 또한 유수지 규모와 펌프용량의 관계를 간단한 선형계획모형으로 분석한 결과, 종래의 유수지 홍수추적에 의한 유수지 용량 결정은 도시지역의 내배수시설 계획에만 타당함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.451-458
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 초 중등학교의 전 교과에서 다루어진 식물 학습 소재의 다양성을 조사 분석하여 과학 교과서(생물영역)의 식물 학습 소재의 개발 방향성을 모색하고자 하였다. 분석에 사용된 교과서는 초등학교 9교과 143권, 중학교 13교과 117권, 고등학교 15교과 71권 등 총 331권이다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 초 중등학교 전 교과의 학교 급간별 식물의 종 수는 초등학교 264종, 중학교 295종, 고등학교 283종으로 과학교과서(생물영역)의 103종, 206종, 193종보다 많다. 타 교과에 식물의 종 수가 많다는 것은 식물 학습 내용도 많이 포함하고 있다는 것을 의미한다. 2. 초 중등학교에서 식물 학습 소재가 많이 나타난 타 교과는 국어, 사회, 실과(실업 가정)로 단순한 식물 인용뿐만 아니라 과학 개념 및 탐구 활동을 내포하고 있다. 식물 학습 소재는 과학 교육 과정뿐 아니라 학교 교육 과정에서 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 3. 타 교과에서 인용되는 식물 학습 소재의 특징은 주변 식물, 자원 식물, 식용 식물, 관상 식물, 산업에 관련된 식물 등 유용성 있는 생활 관련 식물이다. 4. 과학과 생활과의 관계를 인식하여 타 교과의 식물학습 소재를 과학 교과(생물영역)의 식물 소재 개발에 적용한다면 STS 교육 및 통합 교과의 근거를 제공해 줄 수 있다고 본다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-48
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• 1993

Nowaday, there have a lot of changes in the demands of the aged persons. Their problems also came to the fore with diverse forms under the influences of industrialization, urbanization and nuclear family. To make the matter worse, the aged population is mounting rapidly. Also, such structure as nuclear family is widely disseminating uncomfortable to the aged. People is mainly being guided by self interest above everything else. Indeed, they had, all together, bad effects on our traditional value system regarding 'respect for the aged and devotion to patients'. It seems unfortunately obvious that the family responsibility is gradually weakening to support the old who is a dependent family. The result is that the aged must have suffered all sorts of hardships in lightenning psychological, physical and economical difficulties. First, to grasp the situations and conditions supporting for single aged persons from each view of psychological, emotional, family-relational, healthy, social and economical standpoints, and second, to analyze their own recognition levels thinking of their health conditions and the relationships between the supporting environments of old family dependants and their psychological healths and then finally, to propose suggestions being able to be helpful for living comfortably in an old age and thereby, building up good family relation. The statistical techniques used to analyze 115 respondents living in Puchun city are frequency, $x^2$ test, t-Jest, ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficiency and Regression analysis (SPSS package), pertnent to prove the hypothesis suggested in this paper. Of course, it is needless to say that more data are needed on this point. However, several main research findings can be summarized as follows: First, the better single aged persons may be in the habit of eating a meal and the higher they may think of their physical health conditions and movement, the more they want to participate in economic activities to be free from economical dependence upon their children and to overcome lonliness. Second, single aged women appear to have had higher ability to take care their health for themself than single aged men do. It is why signle aged women do not, in general, have big problems to manage their health. But, as shown in this paper, single aged person"s were more liable to the diseases of the aged and, thereby, requiring special medical treatment badly to be healthy. Third. single aged persons revealed potential desires to free themself from socio economic dependence upon their children even in simple labor Job which can draw a monthly salary of about W200, 000. Fourth, they are generally satisfied with their children's filial piety toward them. Nonethless, most of them appear to be reluctantly dependent upon their children and live lonly lives very much. Fifth, they seem to have some hesitation in expressing their candid opinions as that then are some others along with family environmental factors for psychological and emotiona stability. Accordingly, it is safe to conclude by saying that much attention should' be paid no only to socio-economic supports and better medical services for the aged but also to political supports of the society and towards their children for the aged's emotiona support, for improving the quality of their lives in old age and promoting efficiency in suporting for old family dependants.